All articles starting with R
22,461 articles
Rieter
Rieter is a Swiss technology group headquartered in Winterthur that makes machinery and systems for spinning yarn, founded in 1795 and known as the leading supplier of short-staple spinning systems.
Rietveld refinement
Rietveld refinement is a crystallographic method that fits a calculated powder diffraction profile to observed data by least squares, refining lattice constants and atomic positions.
Rietveld Schröderhuis (Rietveld Schröder House)
The Rietveld Schröder House is a 1924 De Stijl house in Utrecht, Netherlands, designed by Gerrit Rietveld and added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2000.
Rievaulx Abbey
Rievaulx Abbey is the ruin of a medieval Cistercian monastery in the River Rye valley near Helmsley, North Yorkshire, founded in 1132 and dissolved by Henry VIII in 1538.
Rif
Rif (Arrif, الريف): mountainous region of northern Morocco from the Strait of Gibraltar to the Moulouya valley; alpine-type chain under 2,000 m, Tarifit-speaking, about 5 million people; site of the 1921 Republic of the Rif and the 2016–2017 Hirak.
Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)
Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018), codename Operation Damascus Steel, a Syrian Arab Army campaign that recaptured the rebel-held Eastern Ghouta enclave near Damascus, ending a siege begun in 2013, with massive civilian deaths and a Douma chemical attack on 7 April 2018.
Rif uprising of 1958–1959
The Rif uprising of 1958–1959 was a revolt in Morocco's Rif mountains against the post-independence central government, crushed by the army and aerial bombardment with thousands killed.
Rif War
Rif War (Guerra del Rif), 1921-1926: colonial war in northern Morocco between Spain, later joined by France, and Riffian tribes under Abd el-Krim's Republic of the Rif, marked by the Annual defeat, the Alhucemas landing, and documented use of chemical weapons.
Rif-dimashq Governorate
Rif Dimashq (ريف دمشق, Damascus Countryside) governorate, Syria: surrounds Damascus city, largest governorate by area over 18,000 km2, nine districts, Eastern Ghouta siege, war damage, and post-2024 transition.
Rifa'a al-Tahtawi
Rifa'a al-Tahtawi (رفاعة الطهطاوي), 1801 to 1873, was an Egyptian scholar and educational reformer who served as imam of Egypt's first student mission to Paris.
Rifa'i order
The Rifa'i order (الطريقة الرفاعية) is a Sufi order founded by Ahmad al-Rifa'i in the marshes of southern Iraq in the twelfth century, one of the oldest Sufi orders.
Rifa'iyya
The Rifa'iyya (الرفاعية) is a Sufi order founded by Ahmad al-Rifa'i in lower Iraq in the twelfth century, known for ecstatic practices and spread across Egypt, Syria, and the Balkans.
Rifaat al-Assad
Rifaat al-Assad was a Syrian military officer and politician, younger brother of Hafez al-Assad, who led the Defense Companies and is held responsible for the 1982 Hama massacre.
Rifabutin
Rifabutin, sold as Mycobutin, is a semisynthetic rifamycin antibiotic approved by the FDA in 1992 to prevent and treat Mycobacterium avium complex disease and tuberculosis in people with HIV.
Rifalazil
Rifalazil (KRM-1648, ABI-1648), a benzoxazinorifamycin antibiotic from Kaneka, inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase with a ~60 h half-life; phase II trials for tuberculosis and chlamydia ended after toxicity, development terminated 2013.
Rifampicin
Rifampicin (rifampin), a semisynthetic rifamycin antibiotic from Amycolatopsis rifamycinica developed by Lepetit in 1965, inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and anchors 6-month tuberculosis therapy; resistance maps to rpoB and it strongly induces CYP3A4.
Rifamycin
Rifamycin is a class of antibiotics from the soil bacterium Amycolatopsis mediterranei, first isolated in 1957, that kill bacteria by inhibiting RNA polymerase and include rifampicin, the backbone of tuberculosis therapy.
Rifapentine
Rifapentine (Priftin) is a cyclopentyl rifamycin antibiotic for tuberculosis, FDA approved 1998; with isoniazid it forms the 3HP and 1HP preventive regimens; resistance via rpoB mutations.
Rifaquizinone
Rifaquizinone (TNP-2092, CBR-2092) is a rifamycin-quinolizinone hybrid antibiotic by TenNor Therapeutics that inhibits RNA polymerase, DNA gyrase, and topoisomerase IV, developed for prosthetic joint infections and ABSSSI.
Rifasutenizol
Rifasutenizol (TNP-2198), TenNor Therapeutics' rifamycin-nitroimidazole conjugate antibiotic, targets H. pylori via dual RNA polymerase inhibition and nitroreductase-mediated DNA damage; Phase 3 showed ~92% eradication, NDA filed August 2025.
Rifat Atun
Rifat Atun is a physician and health systems researcher who is Dean of Education and Innovation at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and a professor of global health systems.
Rifaximin
Rifaximin (Xifaxan), a minimally absorbed rifamycin antibiotic binding bacterial RpoB RNA polymerase; treats travelers' diarrhea, IBS-D, and hepatic encephalopathy; <0.4% absorbed, 97% recovered unchanged in stool.
RIFE
RIFE (Real-Time Intermediate Flow Estimation) is a neural network algorithm for video frame interpolation that estimates intermediate optical flow directly, 4 to 27 times faster than SuperSlomo and DAIN.
Rifeh
Rifeh, also called Deir Rifeh, is a group of ancient Egyptian cemeteries in Middle Egypt serving the town of Shashotep, with Middle Kingdom rock-cut tombs of about 2025-1700 BC.
Riferminogene pecaplasmid
Riferminogene pecaplasmid (NV1FGF, XRP0038) is a Sanofi-aventis pCOR plasmid gene therapy expressing FGF-1 for critical limb ischemia; its phase III TAMARIS trial showed no benefit over placebo.
Riff Raff (2024 film)
Riff Raff (2024 film) is a dark comedy crime film directed by Dito Montiel. It stars Jennifer Coolidge and Ed Harris, and premiered in September 2024.
Riff Raff (rapper)
Riff Raff (Horst Simco), aka Jody Highroller, Houston rapper from MTV's From G's to Gents; signed to S.O.D. Money Gang then Diplo's Mad Decent; debut album Neon Icon (2014).
Riff-Raff
Riff-Raff is Ken Loach's 1991 British comedy-drama, written by former construction worker Bill Jesse, starring Robert Carlyle and Ricky Tomlinson on a London building site converting a hospital into luxury flats; winner of the 1991 Cannes FIPRESCI prize and European Film Award.
Riffusion
Riffusion is an open-source AI music-generation model family created by Seth Forsgren and Hayk Martiros in December 2022, fine-tuning Stable Diffusion to generate spectrogram images converted into audio.
Rififi
Rififi (Du rififi chez les hommes) is Jules Dassin's 1955 French heist film noir, made in exile after his Hollywood blacklisting, starring Jean Servais, famous for its half-hour silent burglary sequence and Cannes best director prize.