All articles starting with S

S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment

The S&P Global Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA) is an annual ESG evaluation run by S&P Global since 1999, scoring companies from 0 to 100 relative to industry peers.

S&P Global Ratings

S&P Global Ratings, also known as Standard and Poor's, is the largest SEC-registered credit rating agency, publishing letter-graded opinions on companies', governments', and debt issues' creditworthiness.

S&P/TSX Composite Index

The S&P/TSX Composite Index is the headline stock market index for Canada, a float-adjusted market-capitalization-weighted basket of Toronto Stock Exchange companies launched in 1977 and maintained by S&P Dow Jones Indices.

s1 (AI model)

s1, also called s1-32B, is an open-source AI reasoning model created in January 2025 by researchers at Stanford University, the University of Washington, and the Allen Institute for AI.

S1 domain

S1 domain: an approximately 70-amino-acid RNA-binding domain of the OB-fold family, first found in ribosomal protein S1; a five-stranded beta-barrel with a helix conferring ssRNA preference, mainly bacterial, with 1 to 15 repeats.

S1 No. 1 Style (エスワンナンバーワンスタイル)

S1 No. 1 Style (エスワンナンバーワンスタイル) is a Japanese adult video label, an in-house brand of WILL launched after MOODYZ around 2004, known for SSIS/SNIS prefixes, the 新人NO.1 STYLE debut series, and an actress-centered tantai catalog.

S100A10

S100A10 (p11, annexin II light chain) is the only calcium-insensitive S100 EF-hand protein, locked in an active conformation, forming the AIIt heterotetramer with annexin A2 as a plasminogen receptor central to fibrinolysis, immunity, cancer, and depression.

Oct 20, 2026

S100A11

S100A11 (calgizzarin, S100C, MLN70) is a 105-amino-acid S100-family calcium-binding protein with two EF-hand motifs, encoded at 1q21.3, binding annexins A1/A2 and RAGE, with dual roles in cancer, arthritis, and neurological disease.

S100A12

S100A12 (calgranulin C, EN-RAGE) is a calcium- and zinc-binding S100 protein of neutrophils and monocytes, a RAGE ligand, antimicrobial via zinc chelation, and an inflammation biomarker in IBD and FMF.

S100A4

S100A4 (mts1, FSP1, CAPL) is a 101-amino-acid S100-family EF-hand calcium-binding protein regulating motility, metastasis, fibrosis, and inflammation; a biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer and AML.

S100A6

S100A6 (calcyclin, CACY) is a human chromosome 1q21.3 S100-family EF-hand calcium-binding protein involved in proliferation, cytoskeleton, and stress response, and a biomarker in cancers, fibrosis, and neurodegeneration.

S100A7

S100A7 (psoriasin, PSOR1) is a 101-amino-acid human S100 EF-hand protein on chromosome 1q21, secreted by keratinocytes, that kills E. coli by zinc sequestration and is overexpressed in psoriasis and wounds.

S100A8

S100A8 (MRP8, calgranulin A) is a 93-amino-acid S100 calcium-binding protein of neutrophils and monocytes; with S100A9 it forms calprotectin, a TLR4/RAGE ligand, metal-chelating antimicrobial agent, and inflammation biomarker.

S100A9

S100A9 (MRP14, calgranulin B) is an EF-hand calcium-binding S100 protein of neutrophils and monocytes; with S100A8 it forms calprotectin, activates TLR4/RAGE, mediates nutritional immunity, and drives inflammation, cancer metastasis, and biomarker and drug development.

S100B

S100B (S100 calcium-binding protein B) is an astrocyte-derived EF-hand calcium-binding protein, a RAGE ligand and DAMP, used as a biomarker for brain injury and melanoma.

S100P

S100P (S100 calcium binding protein P, MIG9) is a 95-amino-acid human EF-hand calcium-binding protein, first purified from placenta, gene at 4p16.1. It binds Ca2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, signals via RAGE, and is a cancer biomarker and drug-resistance factor.

S14 (Ukrainian group)

S14, also C14 or Sich (Січ), is a far-right Ukrainian nationalist group founded in Kyiv, first appearing publicly on 14 October 2011, led by Yevhen Karas, active in Euromaidan, listed by TRAC in 2017, and linked to 2018 attacks on Roma and lawyers.

S1mple (Олександр Олегович Костилєв)

S1mple (Oleksandr Olegovich Kostyliev), born 1997, is a Ukrainian professional Counter-Strike player who spent nine years with Natus Vincere, winning a Major, 21 HLTV MVP medals, and HLTV's best-player award in 2018, 2021, and 2022.

S2 (star)

S2, also cataloged as S0-2, is a massive B-type star orbiting Sagittarius A, the Milky Way's central black hole, every 15.2 years, providing the primary test of general relativity near it.

Sep 19, 2026

S2O Festival

The S2O Festival, also known as the Songkran Music Festival, is an electronic dance music festival held every April in Bangkok during Songkran, Thailand's water festival.

S2S (Japanese record label)

S2S Pte. Ltd. (S2S Japan) is a Tokyo-based record label and distributor founded by Ken Suzuki, an Avex Trax co-founder, in Singapore in 1997; known for the Kids Bossa compilation series and subsidiary labels like Incense and HighDive.

S3 (programming language)

S3 is a programming language developed by the British computer maker ICL for its 2900 series mainframes, where it implemented the VME/B operating system; it is a development of ALGOL 68.

Sep 19, 2026

S3 Graphics

S3 Graphics, also known as S3 Incorporated, was a Silicon Valley graphics-chip company founded in 1989 that held 43 percent of the graphics market in the mid-1990s before losing the 3D transition to Nvidia and ATI.

S3 Ventures

S3 Ventures is an Austin, Texas-based venture capital firm founded in 2005 by Brian R. Smith, leading seed through Series B investments in business and healthcare technology.

S3 ViRGE

The S3 ViRGE, short for Video and Rendering Graphics Engine, was a 2D/3D graphics chipset S3 introduced in 1995, sold heavily to OEMs despite its slow 3D.

S301

S301 is a faint star orbiting Sagittarius A, the Milky Way's central black hole, every 8.7 years; at 25,000 km/s it is the galaxy's fastest known star.

Oct 20, 2026

S462

S462 (CVCL_1Y70, "Patient 6 cell line") is a human NF1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cell line from a 19-year-old woman's thigh, carrying germline NF1 6792C>A, NF1 and p53 LOH, and p53 329G>C; a widely used MPNST drug-screening and xenograft model.