All articles starting with S
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Spodoptera littoralis
Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian cotton leafworm, African cotton leafworm), a highly polyphagous noctuid moth of Africa, Southern Europe and the Middle East; EPPO A2 quarantine pest whose larvae damage cotton, vegetables and ornamentals, distinct from its Asian sibling S. litura.
Spodoptera litura
Spodoptera litura (tobacco cutworm, Oriental leafworm moth), a noctuid moth native to South-East Asia; highly polyphagous larvae (120+ plant species) damaging Asian crops, with widespread insecticide resistance and quarantine status in the EU.
Spodosol
A Spodosol is a soil order in USDA soil taxonomy, defined by a spodic horizon of accumulated organic matter and aluminum, known as Podzol in the World Reference Base.
Spodumene
Spodumene is a lithium aluminum silicate mineral of the pyroxene group and the principal hard-rock ore of lithium, first described in 1800 from Sweden's Utö mines.
Spoil tip
A spoil tip, also called a spoil heap or mine dump, is a pile of waste rock and refuse left on the surface by a mine or quarry.
Spoiler (aeronautics)
A spoiler, also known as a lift dumper, is a hinged panel on a wing's upper surface that disrupts airflow to reduce lift and increase drag, serving as speed brakes and ground lift dumpers.
Spoiler (car)
A spoiler is an aerodynamic device on a car, typically a lip on the trunk lid or front bumper, that disrupts airflow to reduce drag or lift, unlike a wing.
Spoiler (media)
A spoiler is information that prematurely reveals the outcome or key plot points of a fictional work, a term traced to a 1971 National Lampoon piece by Doug Kenney.
Spoiler Alert (film)
Spoiler Alert is a 2022 American romantic dramedy directed by Michael Showalter, starring Jim Parsons as journalist Michael Ausiello and Ben Aldridge as his husband, photographer Kit Cowan.
Spoiler effect
Spoiler effect: a losing candidate changes an election's outcome by splitting votes with a similar candidate, also called vote splitting or the Nader effect. Plurality voting is most vulnerable; ranked, approval, and Condorcet methods reduce it differently.
Spoils system
The spoils system, also called the patronage system, was the American practice of filling government jobs with the winning party's political supporters, dominant until the Pendleton Act of 1883.
Spokane area fires
The Spokane area fires, also known as the Spokane Complex fires, are the major wildfire disasters of Spokane County, Washington, from the Great Fire of 1889 to 2026.
Spokane County
Spokane County is a county in northeastern Washington, named for the Spokane Indian people, with its county seat at Spokane, Washington's second largest city, and a 2020 population of 539,339.
Spokane River
The Spokane River is a 111-mile tributary of the Columbia River that runs from Lake Coeur d'Alene in Idaho through Spokane, Washington, to Lake Roosevelt.
Spokane Valley
Spokane Valley, Washington: a city of about 108,000 in Spokane County, incorporated March 31, 2003 as the largest incorporation in state history; a suburban city on I-90 east of Spokane.
Spokane, Washington
Spokane, Washington: largest city of the Inland Northwest on the Spokane River falls; founded 1873 as Spokan Falls by James N. Glover, incorporated 1881; 228,989 residents (2020); hub for trade, health care, and education.
Spoke–hub distribution paradigm
The spoke–hub distribution paradigm, usually called the hub-and-spoke model, is a network design that routes traffic through central hubs instead of connecting every pair directly.
Spoken language
Spoken language: natural human language produced vocally and perceived by hearing, unlike signed or written language. Covers development, perception, vocal tract anatomy, evolution, Broca's discovery, and speech technology.
Spoken word
Spoken word is performance poetry rooted in oral traditions, characterized by rhyme and improvisation. It often addresses social justice and began with slam contests in Chicago in 1986.
Spokoiny
Spokoiny, also known as Kutina, is a dacitic stratovolcano in the northern Sredinny Range of central Kamchatka, Russia, rising 2,171 m and dormant since 3450 BCE.
Spokoynaya nochʹ (Спокойная ночь)
Спокойная ночь (Spokoynaya nochʹ, "Calm Night") is a 1986 Kino song by Viktor Tsoi with Yuri Kasparyan's guitar solo, released on Группа крови (1988), not Ночь (1982); ranked No. 38 among 20th-century Russian rock songs.
Spoletium
Spoletium (Spoleto, Umbria): Iron Age hill settlement, Latin colony from 241 BC, municipium on the via Flaminia, home of the Lex luci spoletina, and Lombard duchy from CE 570.
Spoliarium
Spoliarium, 1884 oil on canvas by Juan Luna (4.22 × 7.675 m), gold medal at the 1884 Madrid Exposición Nacional; fallen gladiators allegory of colonial Philippines; largest Philippine painting, National Museum of Fine Arts, Manila.
Spoligotyping
Spoligotyping (spacer oligonucleotide typing) is a PCR-based method that reads DR-region spacer sequences to identify and differentiate tuberculosis strains, delivering results in one to three days.
Spolok svätého Vojtecha
Spolok svätého Vojtecha (Society of Saint Adalbert, SSV) is the largest and oldest Catholic association in Slovakia, founded in 1870 in Trnava by Andrej Radlinský.
Spolverino, Alberese
Spolverino (Alberese, Grosseto, Tuscany) is a Roman archaeological site on the Ombrone river: a manufacturing district of glass and metal recycling workshops and the riverine harbor of Rusellae, in use from the late 1st to late 5th century AD.
Spomenik
A spomenik is an abstract, high-modernist memorial built in socialist Yugoslavia between 1945 and 1991 to commemorate Partisan fighters and victims of fascist occupation, with thousands since vandalized or destroyed.
SPONASTRIME dysplasia
SPONASTRIME dysplasia, also called spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia Sponastrime type, is a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia caused by TONSL mutations, marked by short stature, midface hypoplasia, vertebral deformity, and metaphyseal striations.
Sponde
Sponde (Jupiter XXXVI) is a small retrograde irregular moon of Jupiter in the Pasiphae group, discovered in 2001 at Mauna Kea and named for one of the Horae.
Spondias
Spondias (mombins, hog plums, umbu, ambarella) is a genus of 18 Anacardiaceae fruit-tree species native to tropical America, Madagascar, and Asia, type genus of Spondioideae, cultivated for fruit and long used in traditional medicine.