All articles starting with S
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State function
A state function, also called a function of state, is a thermodynamic property whose value depends only on a system's current state, not on how it got there.
State funeral
State funeral: government-organized public funeral honoring heads of state, former leaders, or eminent citizens, with lying-in-state, processions, and military honours; Canadian entitlement rules, US Capitol traditions, and subnational variants.
State funeral of Ali Khamenei
State funeral of Ali Khamenei, held July 3-9, 2026, after the Iranian supreme leader was killed in a US-Israeli airstrike on February 28; ceremonies in Tehran, Qom, Najaf, Karbala, burial in Mashhad.
State funeral of Horatio Nelson
State funeral of Admiral Horatio Nelson, January 1806: lying in state at Greenwich, Thames procession in Charles II's barge, Victory-shaped funeral car, burial in St Paul's Cathedral crypt.
State funeral of John F. Kennedy
State funeral of John F. Kennedy, November 23-25, 1963: East Room repose, Capitol lying in state, St. Matthew's requiem Mass, Arlington burial with eternal flame; first widely televised presidential funeral, modeled on Lincoln's.
State funerals in the United Kingdom
State funerals in the UK are parliament-authorized public funerals, generally for the Sovereign, marked by Royal Navy-drawn gun carriage, lying in state, and an Abbey or St Paul's service; rare non-royal recipients include Churchill, Wellington, Gladstone, Nelson, Palmerston, and Newton.
State funerals in the United States
State funerals in the United States are Defense Department-administered ceremonial funerals for presidents, former presidents, president-elects, or presidentially designated people, in three stages with a proclamation, 30-day half-staff flag, National Day of Mourning, Capitol lying-in-state, and Cathedral service.
State government
A state government, sometimes called a provincial government, is the government of one of the fifty US states, exercising broad powers over education, transportation, and health care.
State governments of India
State governments of India: the governments of India's constituent states in its federal system, each with a Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers, and legislature; legislative powers divided by Article 246 and the Seventh Schedule's Union, State, and Concurrent Lists.
State governments of the United States
State governments of the United States: the 50 autonomous state polities, each with its own constitution, three branches, and Tenth Amendment reserved powers, operating alongside the federal government.
State Great Khural
The State Great Khural (Монгол Улсын Их Хурал) is the unicameral parliament of Mongolia and its highest organ of state power, with 126 members elected for four-year terms.
State Grid Corporation of China (国家电网公司)
State Grid Corporation of China (国家电网公司) is the state-owned enterprise that builds and operates most of China's electric power grid. Founded in 2002, it serves over 1.1 billion people across 26 provinces.
State Grid Xinyuan
State Grid Xinyuan Holdings Co. (国网新源) is a Beijing company, founded in 2005, that operates pumped-storage hydropower stations and is the world's largest pumped-storage operator.
State high school championship series
A state high school championship series is the staged postseason tournaments, run by state athletic associations, through which schools compete within their enrollment class for state titles.
State Hospitals
State hospitals are hospitals controlled by state government agencies (MeSH: Hospitals, State). In the US the term chiefly means state psychiatric hospitals, down to 36,150 beds in 2023; elsewhere it covers public acute-care hospitals compared with private providers.
State Hydraulic Works (Turkey)
State Hydraulic Works (Devlet Su İşleri, DSİ) is the Turkish state agency managing water resources, headquartered in Ankara and established in 1953, best known for building dams.
State income tax
A state income tax is a tax levied by a US state on personal income, collected alongside federal income tax; 41 states impose one and eight levy none.
State intermediate appellate courts in the United States
State intermediate appellate courts are US state courts that sit between trial courts and the state's highest court, hearing appeals as a matter of right in 42 states.
State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology
The State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology (SKLICT) is a Chinese national industrial control research laboratory at Zhejiang University, opened in 1995 and reorganized in 2022.
State Law and Order Restoration Council
The State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) was the Burmese military junta that seized power in September 1988, ruled by martial law, and became the State Peace and Development Council in 1997.
State legislative assemblies of India
State legislative assemblies (Vidhan Sabha) are the directly elected lower houses of India's state and UT legislatures under Articles 168-170: 60-500 members, five-year terms, ECI-run elections, with sittings averaging 24 days in 2025.
State legislative councils of India
State Legislative Councils (Vidhan Parishad) are the upper houses of six Indian states' bicameral legislatures, created or abolished under Article 169, elected partly by graduates, teachers, and local bodies.
State legislative elections in the United States
State legislative elections in the United States are the elections that choose members of the 99 state senate and house chambers, holding 7,386 seats across the 50 states.
State legislature (United States)
State legislatures are the 50 U.S. state lawmaking bodies: 99 chambers (Nebraska unicameral since 1934), 7,383 legislators, 6,764 districts. Core facts cover functions, process, staff, professionalism, term limits, and redistricting.
State liquor monopoly (quanjiugu)
The state liquor monopoly (榷酒酤, quanjiugu; also written 榷酤) was a Han dynasty policy under Emperor Wu giving the government exclusive control of brewing and selling alcohol.
State List
The State List (List II) of India's Seventh Schedule enumerates subjects on which state legislatures have exclusive lawmaking power under Article 246(3), covering police, public order, health, agriculture, land, and local taxation; originally 66 entries, now 61 after amendments.
State machine replication
State machine replication (SMR) is a technique for building fault-tolerant distributed services, in which replicas of a deterministic state machine execute client commands in the same order via consensus.
State media
State media: news organizations owned, funded, governed, or editorially directed by a state, also called state-controlled or public service media. Distinguished by the State Media Matrix's seven models; 85% of 606 surveyed outlets worldwide are captured or controlled (2025).
State Medicine
State medicine, also called socialized medicine, is medical care regulated, financed, and controlled by a national government, with the British National Health Service as its principal example.
State National Council
The State National Council (Krajowa Rada Narodowa, KRN) was a communist quasi-parliament in Poland from 1944 to 1946 that oversaw the communist takeover of the country.