All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor
Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor (SSI), MEROPS family I16, is a dimeric 113-residue bacterial protease inhibitor from Streptomyces albogriseolus S-3253 that inhibits subtilisin, trypsin, plasmin, kexin, and griselysin via a Met73 reactive site.
Streptomycin
Streptomycin, a 1944 aminoglycoside from Streptomyces griseus and the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis, now a second-line injectable TB and endocarditis drug dosed 15 mg/kg IM, limited by ototoxicity and rrs/gidB resistance.
Streptopelia
Streptopelia (turtle-doves) is a genus of Columbidae doves of Europe, Asia, and Africa, with 15 recognized species, weak molecular monophyly, a critically declining turtle dove, and the invasive Eurasian collared-dove.
Streptopelia senegalensis
Streptopelia senegalensis, the laughing dove (also Spilopelia senegalensis, palm dove), a small Columbidae dove of Africa, Arabia, and South Asia; IUCN Least Concern, expanding range, two-egg clutches, CITES Appendix III Ghana.
Streptozocin
Streptozocin, also spelled streptozotocin (STZ), is a nitrosourea chemotherapy drug produced by the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes and sold as Zanosar for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Stresa Front
Stresa Front: April 14, 1935 agreement of Britain, France, and Italy at Stresa against German rearmament; collapsed after the Anglo-German Naval Agreement and Italy's invasion of Ethiopia.
Stress (biology)
Stress (biology): the physiological response of organisms to stressors that disturb homeostasis. Also eustress/distress, allostasis, allostatic load, HPA axis, and cellular stress responses from Selye's 1936 work onward.
Stress (linguistics)
Stress (linguistics) is relative phonetic prominence of a syllable in a word or a word in a phrase, cued by pitch, duration, intensity, vowel quality, and spectral balance. Its placement can be fixed, weight-sensitive, or lexically contrastive, and it interacts with tone and pitch accent.
Stress (mechanics)
Stress, also called mechanical or internal stress, is the internal force per unit area within a deformable body, described by the Cauchy stress tensor and measured in pascals.
Stress concentration
Stress concentration, also known as a stress riser or stress raiser, is the localized increase of stress around a discontinuity such as a hole or notch in a loaded solid, measured by a dimensionless factor.
Stress corrosion cracking
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is crack growth in metal under tensile stress, applied or residual, in a corrosive environment, causing large strength loss with little metal loss.
Stress echocardiography
Stress echocardiography, including dobutamine stress echocardiography, is a cardiac ultrasound method that images left ventricular wall motion during exercise or pharmacological stress to detect coronary artery disease.
Stress electrocardiography
Stress electrocardiography, or exercise ECG testing, records a continuous electrocardiogram during treadmill or cycle exercise to detect myocardial ischemia and assess prognosis in known or suspected coronary artery disease.
Stress fracture
Stress fracture: a bone crack from repetitive overuse loading on normal bone, common in athletes and military recruits. MRI is the diagnostic gold standard; sites are classified low- or high-risk by blood supply and tensile load, guiding rest versus surgery.
Stress grading
Stress grading, also called field grading or electric field grading, controls the electric field distribution within or around a high-voltage device, most commonly in the terminations and joints of power cables.
Stress granule
Stress granule: membraneless cytoplasmic RNA-protein condensate of stalled translation initiation complexes, formed reversibly via G3BP1-driven liquid-liquid phase separation during stress; linked to ALS, Alzheimer's, cancer, and blocked by SARS-CoV-2 N and NSP3.
Stress incontinence
Stress incontinence (stress urinary incontinence, SUI) is involuntary urine leakage during coughing, exertion, or sneezing, the most common incontinence type in women; treated first with pelvic floor muscle training and weight loss, then slings or colposuspension.
Stress intensity factor
The stress intensity factor (SIF), denoted K, characterizes the stress field at a sharp crack tip in a linear elastic body, combining applied stress, crack size, and geometry.
Stress management
Stress management is the use of techniques such as relaxation training, breathing exercises, and mindfulness to cope with stressful situations and with the stressed condition itself.
Stress path
A stress path is the trajectory that a soil element's stress state follows during loading, unloading, or reloading, plotted on a p-q diagram in soil mechanics.
Stress position
Stress positions: forced postures held for prolonged periods in interrogation, a form of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment used from Northern Ireland's five techniques to US 'war on terror' custody.
Stress relaxation
Stress relaxation is the time-dependent decrease of stress in a material held at approximately constant strain, the companion phenomenon to creep and a signature of viscoelasticity.
Stress Relief (The Office)
"Stress Relief" is The Office's two-part season 5 episode (S5E14-15) written by Paul Lieberstein and directed by Jeffrey Blitz, aired after Super Bowl XLIII on February 1, 2009; 22.9 million viewers, series record; famous fire drill, CPR, and roast scenes.
Stress shielding
Stress shielding is the reduction in mechanical loading on bone next to an implant, which causes bone resorption and is a recognized cause of loosening in joint replacement.
Stress test
A stress test in engineering deliberately applies loads or environmental conditions beyond a product's normal operating limits to reveal how it fails, as in Highly Accelerated Life Testing (HALT).
Stress testing (finance)
A financial stress test estimates a bank's losses, revenues, and capital under a hypothetical adverse economic scenario to judge whether it could absorb the shock and keep lending.
Stress ulcer of stomach
Stress ulcer of stomach (ICD-11 DA60.3), also called acute gastric stress ulcer or Curling's ulcer, is an acute gastric mucosal lesion in critically ill patients, usually superficial fundic erosions, driven by splanchnic hypoperfusion and acid, prevented with PPIs or H2RAs.
Stress-absorbing membrane interlayer
A stress-absorbing membrane interlayer (SAMI) is a thin, highly elastic rubberized asphalt layer placed under a new asphalt overlay to delay reflective cracking from the pavement below.
Stress-induced leakage current
Stress-induced leakage current (SILC) is excess leakage current in a thin silicon dioxide gate oxide after electrical stress, caused by electron tunneling through stress-induced traps.
Stress-relief annealing
Stress-relief annealing is a heat treatment that heats a metal part below its transformation range to relax residual stresses from welding, machining, or forming, without changing its microstructure.