All articles starting with S
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Synchronous motor
A synchronous motor is an AC motor whose rotor locks to the rotating magnetic field of the stator and turns at exactly the same speed, using DC or permanent-magnet excitation.
Synchronous optical networking
Synchronous optical networking, known as SONET, is a North American standard for synchronous data transmission over optical fiber, standardized by ANSI in the late 1980s.
Synchronous rectification
Synchronous rectification is a power-conversion technique in which a controlled MOSFET replaces the rectifier diode in a switching converter, cutting the diode's voltage drop and improving efficiency at low voltage and high current.
Synchronous reluctance motor
The synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) is a three-phase motor producing torque purely by magnetic reluctance, with no magnets or rotor cage, reaching IE5 efficiency with a variable-speed drive.
Synchronous rolling
Synchronous rolling is a resonant ship motion in which large roll amplitudes build up because the wave encounter period matches the ship's natural roll period, adding energy with each wave.
Synchrony Financial
Synchrony Financial is the largest United States provider of private label credit cards, financing partner-branded cards for retailers including Amazon, Lowe's, PayPal, and Sam's Club.
Synchrophasor measurement
Synchrophasor measurement is a power-system monitoring technique in which phasor measurement units estimate voltage and current magnitude and phase angle, synchronized to UTC, enabling direct comparison across substations.
Synchrosqueezing transform
The synchrosqueezing transform (SST) is a time-frequency analysis method that sharpens wavelet or short-time Fourier representations by reassigning spectral energy along the frequency axis, remaining invertible so individual oscillatory modes can be reconstructed.
Synchrotron
A synchrotron is a circular particle accelerator whose magnetic field rises with particle momentum, keeping the beam on a fixed-radius orbit; it also drives X-ray light sources.
Synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy
Synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy (SINS), also called synchrotron nano-FTIR, is an analytical technique combining synchrotron infrared light with an atomic force microscope to image chemistry at 10–20 nm resolution.
Synchrotron light source
A synchrotron light source is a large scientific facility that produces intense X-rays by circulating high-energy electrons in a storage ring, letting researchers determine crystal and protein structures.
Synchrotron radiation
Synchrotron radiation, also called magnetobremsstrahlung, is the light emitted when magnetic fields bend relativistic charged particles; first seen in 1947, it now powers X-ray sources and explains the Crab Nebula's glow.
Synchrotron self-Compton
Synchrotron self-Compton, or SSC, is an astrophysical radiation process in which relativistic electrons up-scatter their own synchrotron photons, explaining X-ray and gamma-ray emission from blazars.
Synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Synchrotron X-ray diffraction is a materials characterization technique using intense synchrotron X-ray beams to measure phases, strains, and stresses inside opaque metals in real time.
Synchrotron X-ray imaging
Synchrotron X-ray imaging is a family of non-destructive techniques using the intense, coherent X-rays from electron storage rings to image internal structure at sub-micron resolution.
Synchrotron X-ray tomography
Synchrotron X-ray tomography is a non-destructive imaging method that reconstructs the 3D internal structure of a sample from hundreds of synchrotron X-ray radiographs, at micrometer or finer resolution within minutes.
Synchytrium endobioticum
Synchytrium endobioticum, potato wart pathogen, an obligate biotrophic chytrid fungus and quarantine pest of potato; over 40 pathotypes, resting spores viable for decades, controlled by resistant varieties and quarantine.
Synclavier
The Synclavier is an early digital synthesizer and music workstation produced by New England Digital of Vermont from the late 1970s into the early 1990s.
Syncline
A syncline is a downward fold in layered rocks in which the youngest strata occupy the core, the counterpart of the anticline, whose core holds the oldest rocks.
Syncom 3
Syncom 3 was an experimental communications satellite built by Hughes Aircraft for NASA and launched in 1964, the first placed in a true geostationary orbit, relaying the Tokyo Olympics live.
Syncopation
Syncopation: shifting musical accents to weak beats or off-beats, contradicting the prevailing meter. Key concepts: second- vs fourth-position syncopation, ragtime origins, 1590s musical sense, growth through 20th-century popular music, and groove.
Syncope (medicine)
Syncope (fainting) is transient loss of consciousness from cerebral hypoperfusion, with rapid onset and spontaneous recovery. Covers reflex, cardiac, and orthostatic causes, prevalence near 40%, evaluation, and ACC/AHA/HRS versus ESC guidelines.
Syncope or collapse
Syncope, also known as fainting or collapse, is a brief loss of consciousness from reduced blood flow to the brain, resolving quickly without treatment and affecting one-third to one-half of people.
Syncopy Inc.
Syncopy Inc. (Syncopy Films) is the British-American production company founded in 2001 by Christopher Nolan and Emma Thomas, named after syncopation; it produced the Dark Knight trilogy, Inception, Interstellar, Dunkirk, Oppenheimer, and The Odyssey (2026).
Syncretism
Syncretism, also called syncretization, is the blending of elements from different religious traditions into one system of belief or practice, from Serapis to Japanese shrine-temple combinations.
Syncretist school
The syncretist school (杂家) is a bibliographic category created in the Book of Han, listing 20 works; its earliest surviving texts are the Shizi and the Lüshi chunqiu.
Syncromune, Inc.
Syncromune, Inc. is a privately held, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, developing SYNC-T Therapy SV-102, an in situ immunotherapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Syncthing
Syncthing is a free, open-source continuous file synchronization program that replicates files between two or more computers in real time, peer-to-peer with no cloud, under the Swedish Syncthing Foundation.
Syncytium
Syncytium (plural syncytia): a multinucleate cell or cell-like structure formed by fusion of cells, from Greek syn + kytos. Normal in muscle, placenta, bone; also induced by viruses such as RSV and SARS-CoV-2. Distinct from a coenocyte, which forms by nuclear division without cytokinesis.
Syndactyly
Syndactyly, also called webbed fingers or toes, is a congenital fusion of adjacent digits occurring in about 1 in 2,000 births, classified simple or complex, isolated or syndromic, and treated by surgical release.