All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Systemd
Systemd is a suite of building blocks for a Linux system whose system and service manager runs as PID 1, starting the rest of the system.
Systemic and biologic treatment of atopic dermatitis
Systemic and biologic treatment of atopic dermatitis is the use of oral or injected immunomodulating drugs, such as dupilumab, JAK inhibitors, and ciclosporin, when topical therapy is insufficient.
Systemic capillary leak syndrome
Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS), also known as Clarkson disease, is a rare disorder in which plasma leaks from capillaries into tissues in recurrent attacks, causing hypotension and widespread edema.
Systemic contact dermatitis
Systemic contact dermatitis is a widespread skin eruption in a person sensitized through skin contact when the allergen re-enters the body by mouth, injection, or implant.
Systemic Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of childhood
Systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of childhood, also called systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma of childhood, is a rare, fulminant clonal proliferation of EBV-infected CD8-positive T cells after acute or chronic active EBV infection, prevalent in East Asia and Latin America.
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), defined in 1991 by the ACCP/SCCM consensus, is two or more of fever/hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and abnormal white cell count; it underpinned Sepsis-1 and -2 definitions until Sepsis-3 (2016) removed it for poor specificity.
Systemic primary carnitine deficiency
Systemic primary carnitine deficiency (PCD, CTD, CUD), an autosomal recessive SLC22A5/OCTN2 fatty acid oxidation disorder causing hypoketotic hypoglycemia, cardiomyopathy, and sudden death risk, treated with L-carnitine 100–200 mg/kg/day.
Systemic risk
Systemic risk is the risk that disruption of the financial system, through institutional failure or contagion, causes serious negative consequences for the real economy, per the IMF's post-crisis definition.
Systemic RNA interference and SID-1-mediated dsRNA uptake
Systemic RNA interference is the spread of RNA silencing between cells and tissues; in C. elegans it depends on the transmembrane protein SID-1, which imports double-stranded RNA.
Systemic scleroderma
Systemic scleroderma (systemic sclerosis, SSc) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disease with vasculopathy, autoantibodies, and fibrosis of skin and organs; subsets are limited (lcSSc, CREST) and diffuse (dcSSc).
Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), the pediatric form of Still's disease, is an autoinflammatory arthritis with quotidian fever, rash, and high IL-1/IL-6-driven inflammation, treated with anakinra, canakinumab, or tocilizumab.
Systemically important financial institution
A systemically important financial institution (SIFI), or G-SIFI, is a bank or financial firm whose failure could destabilize the financial system, designated after the 2008 crisis.
Systems analysis
Systems analysis is the study of a system, its goals, constraints, and alternative designs, comparing candidate solutions by requirements and cost through functional analysis and trade studies.
Systems analyst
A systems analyst, or computer systems analyst, is an IT professional who studies an organization's computer systems and procedures and designs improvements so it operates more efficiently.
Systems architecture
Systems architecture is the fundamental organization of an engineered system, embodied in its elements, their relationships, and the principles governing its design and evolution; NASA treats defining it as the first step of system design.
Systems biology
Systems biology is an interdisciplinary field studying how genes, proteins, and metabolites interact as a whole, using omics data and mathematical modeling to understand and predict biological behavior.
Systems design
Systems design is the process of defining a system's architecture, elements, and interfaces to satisfy stakeholder needs, using iterative processes like requirements definition, functional decomposition, and trade studies.
Systems development life cycle
The systems development life cycle (SDLC), also known as the software development life cycle, is the multistep process of developing, implementing, and maintaining information systems through to disposal.
Systems engineering
Systems engineering, also called Systems Design Engineering, is a transdisciplinary approach to designing and realizing complex engineered systems, coordinating specialties from electrical engineering to human factors.
Systems Modeling Language
The Systems Modeling Language (SysML) is a general-purpose graphical modeling language for specifying, analyzing, designing, and verifying complex systems, standardized by the Object Management Group.
Systems pharmacology model
A systems pharmacology model is a computational model that uses quantitative equations to predict drug effects, mechanisms, and safety across biological scales, balancing systems biology with PK/PD modeling.
Systems science
Systems science, also known as systems research, is a transdisciplinary field studying general principles by which systems form, interact, adapt, and evolve, using tools like system dynamics and agent-based modeling.
Systems theory
Systems theory, also known as general systems theory, is the interdisciplinary study of systems whose properties arise from relationships between parts, developed by biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy.
Systems thinking
Systems thinking is a way of understanding problems by examining the whole system, its underlying structure, and feedback loops rather than isolated events or components.
Systems tract
A systems tract is a linkage of contemporaneous depositional systems, defined by its position in a depositional sequence; it was introduced by Brown and Fisher in 1977.
SystemVerilog
SystemVerilog is a hardware design, specification, and verification language standardized as IEEE 1800, covering behavioral, RTL, and gate-level modeling plus testbenches with assertions and constrained random verification.
SystmOne
SystmOne is a clinical record system developed by The Phoenix Partnership (TPP), used in about a third of English GP practices and over 25 other care settings.
Systole
Systole (Greek systolē, contraction): the cardiac cycle phase of heart-muscle contraction and blood ejection, from AV valve closure to semilunar valve closure; includes isovolumetric contraction and ejection; opposite of diastole.
Systolic array
A systolic array is a grid of simple processing elements where data flows rhythmically between neighbors, reusing each memory read many times; it powers Google's TPUs.
Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial
SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), NIH-funded RCT of 9361 high-risk adults without diabetes or stroke, showed systolic BP target <120 mm Hg cut cardiovascular events and death versus <140 mm Hg, with more hypotension, syncope, and kidney injury, reshaping 2017 and 2025 ACC/AHA guidelines.