All articles starting with S
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Sep. Scipionum
Sep. Scipionum (Sepulcrum Scipionum, Tomb of the Scipios) is the 3rd-century BC rock-cut family tomb of the Cornelii Scipiones on the Via Appia in Rome, holding up to 32 sarcophagi including that of Scipio Barbatus, now in the Vatican Museums.
Sepak takraw
Sepak takraw, or kick volleyball, a Southeast Asian net sport using feet and body only; 15th-century Malay origins, ISTAF-governed, Asian Games sport since 1990, three-a-side regu format with a woven ball.
Sepak takraw at the 2026 Asian Games
Sepak takraw at the 2026 Asian Games is a sport resembling volleyball, featuring Regu and Quadrant events, with Japan winning the men's final against Indonesia on October 3, 2026.
Sepal
Sepal: a modified leaf of the calyx, the outermost whorl of a flower, enclosing the bud; usually photosynthetic. Etymology 1821 (Necker 1790). Specified by A-class genes in the ABC model; tepals when undifferentiated from petals.
Sepang
Sepang is a district in southern Selangor, Malaysia, formed 1 January 1975 and named after the Sepang tree. It hosts Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Sepang International Circuit, and Cyberjaya; population 325,244 (2020 census).
Sepang International Circuit
Sepang International Circuit (Litar Antarabangsa Sepang) is a 5.543 km, 15-turn Hermann Tilke-designed racetrack in Selangor, Malaysia, opened in 1999. It hosted the F1 Malaysian Grand Prix 1999-2017, hosts MotoGP through 2031, and staged the 2026 Bahrain Grand Prix on 2-4 October.
Sepang North Circuit
Sepang North Circuit: FIA Grade 2 northern half-layout (2.807 km licensed; 2.706 km quoted) of Sepang International Circuit, Malaysia, clockwise, split-circuit design, used for national racing and testing.
Separable extension
A separable field extension is an algebraic field extension in which every element's minimal polynomial has no repeated roots, a condition required for Galois extensions.
Separable space
In topology, a separable space (separable topological space) contains a countable dense subset. The rationals are dense in the reals, making the real line separable.
Separable state
A separable state, or separable quantum state, is a quantum state of a composite system that can be written as a convex combination of product states, containing only classical correlations rather than entanglement.
Separate but equal
Separate but equal was the U.S. legal doctrine from Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) holding that racially segregated facilities satisfied the Fourteenth Amendment if equal; overturned by Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
Separate hydrolysis and fermentation
Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) is a cellulosic ethanol process in which enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass and fermentation of the released sugars run in separate reactors, each at its own optimum temperature.
Separate Kalinga Edicts
The Separate Kalinga Edicts (कलिंग शिलालेख) are inscriptions of the Mauryan emperor Ashoka at Dhauli and Jaugada in conquered Kalinga, replacing Major Rock Edicts XI, XII, and XIII.
Separate Operational Purpose Division
Separate Operational Purpose Division (ODON, Отдельная дивизия оперативного назначения), the Dzerzhinsky Division of Russia's National Guard, formed 1924, based in Balashikha, about 10,000 troops, deployed to Kyiv in 2022.
Separate school
Separate schools in Canada are publicly funded denominational schools, mostly Roman Catholic, protected by section 93 of the Constitution Act, 1867 and section 29 of the Charter; distinct from dissentient schools and ended in Quebec and Newfoundland by constitutional amendment.
Separate school system in Ontario
Ontario's separate school system is a publicly funded network of Roman Catholic schools governed by Catholic district school boards, constitutionally grounded in section 93 of the Constitution Act, 1867.
Separate sewer system
A separate sewer system collects wastewater and stormwater in two distinct pipe networks: sanitary sewers send sewage to treatment, and storm sewers carry runoff to waterways.
Separate Ways (Worlds Apart)
"Separate Ways (Worlds Apart)" is a 1983 song by the rock band Journey, written by Jonathan Cain and Steve Perry as the lead single from the album Frontiers.
Separation agreement
A separation agreement is a voluntary private contract between spouses, made during formal separation or before divorce, governing property division, maintenance, child support, and arrangements for children; it does not end the marriage.
Separation anxiety disorder
Separation anxiety disorder (SepAD): anxiety disorder with excessive fear of separation from attachment figures; DSM-5 (2013) removed the childhood-onset limit; lifetime prevalence 4.8%, 43.1% of onsets after age 18; treated with CBT and SSRIs.
Separation edicts
The separation edicts (兵農分離令) were measures issued by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, chiefly a 1591 edict forbidding military-house servants to become peasants or townsmen, separating the military class from cultivators.
Separation logic
Separation logic is an extension of Hoare logic for verifying programs that manipulate heap-allocated pointer structures, using a separating conjunction for disjoint memory; it won the 2016 Gödel Prize.
Separation of church and state
Separation of church and state: principle keeping government and religion institutionally distinct, based in the US First Amendment's Establishment Clause (Everson, 1947) and France's 1905 laïcité law, with comparative models of strict separation, establishment, and pluralism.
Separation of church and state in the United States
Separation of church and state in the United States: principle from the First Amendment's Establishment and Free Exercise Clauses, phrased by Jefferson in his 1802 Danbury Baptist letter as a wall of separation; phrase absent from the Constitution, adopted by the Supreme Court in 1878 and 1947, and now contested after Kennedy v. Bremerton (2022).
Separation of concerns
Separation of concerns is a software design principle that divides a system into modules, layers, and encapsulations with independent roles, foundation of modularity from MVC to microservices.
Separation of Panama
The Separation of Panama (Separación de Panamá de Colombia) was Panama's secession from Colombia, proclaimed in an uprising on 3 November 1903 with United States support.
Separation of powers
Separation of powers: constitutional doctrine dividing government into legislative, executive, and judicial branches, rooted in Locke and Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws (1748), implemented with checks and balances in the US Constitution and contrasted with parliamentary fusion of powers.
Separation of powers under the United States Constitution
Separation of powers under the US Constitution: division of federal authority among legislative, executive, and judicial branches via Articles I, II, and III, with checks and balances like the veto, Senate consent, impeachment, and judicial review, distinct from federalism.
Separation of retinal layers
Separation of retinal layers (ICD-10 H35.7; ICD-11 9B78.6) covers retinal detachment, retinoschisis, bacillary layer detachment, foveoschisis, and pigment epithelial detachment, distinguished by OCT layer-level findings.
Separation of Singapore from Malaysia
The separation of Singapore from Malaysia was the 1965 act by which Singapore left the Federation of Malaysia after nearly two years and became an independent republic.