All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
sGDML
sGDML, or symmetrized gradient-domain machine learning, is a machine learning method introduced in 2018 that builds molecular force fields at CCSD(T) accuracy from a few hundred reference conformations.
SGI Origin (server)
SGI Origin is a family of ccNUMA servers from Silicon Graphics introduced in 1996, presenting globally shared memory across nodes scalable to 1024 processors and 1 TB of memory, and running IRIX.
Sgian dubh
Sgian dubh (sgian-dhubh), Scottish Gaelic for "black knife": a small single-edged Highland dress knife worn sheathed in the kilt hose. Derived from the concealed sgian achlais, now ceremonial, exempt under UK national costume rules, and endangered as a craft.
Sgjough
Sgjough, also called Dugh, is a seventeenth-century Armenian merels-type alignment board game with a three-concentric-squares board, recorded by Thomas Hyde in 1694 and reconstructed in the Ludii game system.
SGK-Novosibirsk
SGK-Novosibirsk (АО «СГК-Новосибирск») is a Russian heat and power company serving Novosibirsk, which supplies heat to 86% of the city's residents from five plants.
SGK1
SGK1 (serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1), an AGC serine/threonine kinase activated by mTORC2 and PDK1, regulates ENaC-mediated sodium transport, cancer survival, and stress responses; inhibitors include GSK650394 and clinical candidates LQT-1213 and THRV-1268.
SGL Carbon
SGL Carbon SE is a German manufacturer of carbon-based materials, specialty graphites, and carbon-fiber composites, headquartered in Wiesbaden and supplying graphite anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
SGL Carbon SIGRACET GDL
SIGRACET GDL is a brand of porous carbon gas diffusion layers made by German company SGL Carbon for PEM fuel cells, widely used in fuel cell research.
SGLang
SGLang is an open-source serving framework for large language and multimodal models, introduced in December 2023 by Lianmin Zheng and colleagues at UC Berkeley and Stanford.
SGLT2 inhibitor
SGLT2 inhibitors, or gliflozins (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin), are diabetes drugs that block renal glucose reabsorption, causing glucosuria; developed from phlorizin, they now also treat heart failure and chronic kidney disease.
SGP4
SGP4 (Simplified General Perturbations 4) is a computationally efficient orbit propagator that predicts the position and velocity of Earth-orbiting objects from Two-Line Element (TLE) sets.
SGR 0418+5729
SGR 0418+5729 is a soft gamma repeater and magnetar, a slowly rotating neutron star in Camelopardalis, discovered in 2009 with the lowest dipolar magnetic field of any known magnetar, about 6,500 light years away.
SGR 1935+2154
SGR 1935+2154 is a Galactic magnetar in Vulpecula, discovered by NASA's Swift satellite in 2014 and known for emitting the fast radio burst FRB 200428.
Sgr A East
Sgr A East, also written Sagittarius A East, is a supernova remnant within a few parsecs of the center of the Milky Way, near the black hole Sagittarius A.
SGS (company)
SGS SA (Société Générale de Surveillance) is a Swiss testing, inspection, and certification company founded as a grain inspection house in Rouen, France, in 1878, now operating in more than 100 countries.
SGS S.A.
SGS S.A., originally Société Générale de Surveillance, is a Swiss testing, inspection, and certification company founded in Rouen in 1878 and now the world's largest TIC firm.
Sgt. Bilko
Sgt. Bilko is a 1996 American military comedy film directed by Jonathan Lynn, starring Steve Martin as a con-artist army motor pool sergeant who runs gambling operations.
Sgt. Frog
Sgt. Frog (Keroro Gunso, ケロロ軍曹) is Mine Yoshizaki's comedy manga begun in Monthly Shōnen Ace in April 1999, about alien sergeant Keroro's failed Earth invasion; it won a Shogakukan Manga Award and ran as a 358-episode Sunrise anime from 2004 to 2011, with a new TV anime in 2026.
Sgt. Frog (TV series)
Sgt. Frog (Keroro Gunso, ケロロ軍曹) is the Sunrise-produced TV anime of Mine Yoshizaki's manga, 358 episodes on TV Tokyo 2004–2011, followed by a 2014 flash series and a recast BN Pictures reboot premiering October 3, 2026.
Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos
Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos is a Marvel war comic launched May 1963 by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, the debut of Nick Fury; 167 issues to 1981 with a racially integrated WWII squad.
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, the Beatles' 1967 album produced by George Martin at Abbey Road, a loosely framed concept record with Peter Blake's famous cover, 27 UK weeks at number one, and a 2017 Giles Martin remix.
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (film)
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1978 film), a Robert Stigwood jukebox musical starring Peter Frampton and the Bee Gees performing Beatles covers; critically panned (11% RT, Metacritic 27), box-office flop, but Aerosmith's "Come Together" hit No. 23.
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song)
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (song): 1967 Lennon–McCartney Beatles track opening the Sgt. Pepper album, introducing the fictional band and Billy Shears, with a harder-rocking reprise recorded 1 April 1967.
Sgt. Slaughter
Sgt. Slaughter (Robert Remus), American retired pro wrestler and WWE Hall of Famer (2004); drill-instructor character with the Cobra Clutch; won the WWF title from the Ultimate Warrior at Royal Rumble 1991, lost it to Hulk Hogan at WrestleMania VII; also a G.I. Joe character.
SH 2-106
SH 2-106, also known as Sh2-106 or S106, is a bipolar emission nebula and star-forming region in Cygnus, about 2,000 light-years from Earth, shaped like an hourglass by its central massive star.
Sh 2-132
Sh 2-132, also known as Sh2-132 or the Lion Nebula, is a large emission nebula, or H II region, on the Cepheus–Lacerta border, roughly 10,400 light-years away.
SH 2-140
SH 2-140 (Sh2-140, S140, LBN 505) is an emission nebula and H II region in Cepheus about 900 parsecs away, a template photon-dominated region with an embedded cluster of massive young stars.
Sh-Boom
Sh-Boom (Life Could Be a Dream) is a 1954 doo-wop song by the Chords, covered to number one by the Crew-Cuts; often called the first major rock and roll hit.
SH-SY5Y
SH-SY5Y (CVCL_0019, ATCC CRL-2266, ECACC 94030304) is a human neuroblastoma cell line, a thrice-cloned subline of SK-N-SH from a 1970 pediatric bone marrow biopsy, used as a differentiable neuronal model in neuroscience and toxicology research.
SH0ES
SH0ES (Supernovae H₀ for the Equation of State) is a research collaboration led by Adam Riess that measures the universe's expansion rate, the Hubble constant, with Hubble Space Telescope data.