All articles starting with S
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Singleton pattern
The singleton pattern is a software design pattern that restricts a class to a single instance with a global access point, a mechanism often criticized as hidden global state.
Singleton-Merten dysplasia
Singleton-Merten dysplasia, also known as Singleton-Merten syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant condition causing abnormal tooth development, thoracic aorta calcification, and osteoporosis, first described in 1973.
Singlish
Singlish, or Colloquial Singapore English, is Singapore's English-based creole contact variety blending English with Malay, Hokkien, Cantonese, and Mandarin; known for particles like lah, opposed by the Speak Good English Movement yet embraced as a national identity marker.
Singlish vocabulary
Singlish vocabulary: words and expressions of Colloquial Singapore English, drawn from Malay, Hokkien, Cantonese, Mandarin, and Tamil, including particles like lah, calques like catch no ball, and OED-listed terms like shiok.
Singrauli
Singrauli is a district in northeastern Madhya Pradesh, India, created from Sidhi district in 2008 and promoted as India's energy capital for its coal mines and power stations.
Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station
Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station is a 2,000 MW coal-fired NTPC power station at Shaktinagar in Sonebhadra district, Uttar Pradesh, whose first unit began generating in 1982.
Singraur Mound
Singraur Mound (Surya Bhita), ASI-protected ancient mound (N-UP-S14) at Singraur village, Soraon tehsil, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh; 18 ft high, protected 1920, near the excavated Sringaverapura site.
Singtel
Singtel, or Singapore Telecommunications Limited, is a Singapore telecommunications and technology group tracing its heritage to 1879, majority-owned by Temasek, and the owner of Optus, Australia's second largest telecom provider.
Singular (software)
Singular is a free, open-source computer algebra system for polynomial computations, developed at the University of Kaiserslautern with special emphasis on commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, and singularity theory.
Singular homology
Singular homology is a construction in algebraic topology that assigns to every topological space abelian groups measuring its connectedness and holes, defined by Samuel Eilenberg in 1944.
Singular matrix
A singular matrix, also known as a degenerate matrix, is a square matrix with determinant zero and no multiplicative inverse, so Ax = b may lack a unique solution.
Singular series
The singular series is an Euler product over primes, chiefly in the Hardy–Littlewood prime k-tuple conjecture and circle method, correcting a naive random model for local obstructions.
Singular solution
A singular solution of a differential equation is a solution not obtainable from the general solution by assigning any value to its arbitrary constant, such as the envelope of Clairaut's equation.
Singular spectrum analysis
Singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is a nonparametric method, describable as PCA applied to time series, that decomposes a series into trend, oscillations, and noise for denoising, forecasting, and trend extraction.
Singular they
Singular they: use of the English pronoun they/them/their for one person, either of unknown gender or as a nonbinary person's pronoun. Attested since 1375, endorsed by APA and MLA, Merriam-Webster's 2019 Word of the Year.
Singular value
A singular value of a matrix or linear operator is a non-negative real number measuring how much it stretches space; singular values form the singular value decomposition.
Singular value decomposition
The singular value decomposition (SVD) is a factorization of any real or complex matrix A into A = U Σ Vᵀ, with orthogonal matrices and nonnegative singular values.
Singular value thresholding
Singular value thresholding (SVT) is a first-order iterative algorithm for minimizing the nuclear norm of a matrix, introduced by Cai, Candès, and Shen in 2010, whose leading application is matrix completion.
Singularities of parallel manipulators
A singularity of a parallel manipulator is a configuration where a Jacobian matrix loses rank, so the mechanism gains or loses degrees of freedom and control degenerates.
Singularity
In mathematics, a singularity, or singular point, is a point where an equation, surface, or mapping blows up, fails to be defined, or becomes degenerate.
Singularity analysis
Singularity analysis is a technique of analytic combinatorics, presented by Philippe Flajolet and Andrew Odlyzko in 1990, that derives asymptotic estimates of a generating function's coefficients from its dominant singularities.
Singularity avoidance
Singularity avoidance is the set of methods in robot kinematics and control that keep a manipulator away from or safely through singular poses, where required joint velocities become unbounded.
Singularity Intelligent Control
Singularity Intelligent Control is a Shanghai startup, founded in 2026, making non-contact optical six-dimensional force sensors that cut robot force sensing from tens of thousands of RMB to thousands.
Singulation
Singulation is the process of separating a bulk stream of items into individual, spaced units moving in single file, typically for parcel scanning and sortation.
Sinhabahu
Sinhabahu (සිංහබාහු) is a Sinhala musical drama by Ediriweera Sarachchandra, first staged in 1961, based on the Mahavamsa legend of a son who kills his lion father.
Sinhagad (सिंहगड)
Sinhagad (सिंहगड), formerly known as Kondhana, is a hill fortress in Maharashtra, India, about 35 km southwest of Pune, known for its 1670 recapture by Tanaji Malusare.
Sinhala folk poetry
Sinhala folk poetry (janakavi, the verses called kavi) is the orally transmitted four-line rhymed verse tradition of the Sinhalese people of Sri Lanka, documented from the fourteenth century.
Sinhala language
Sinhala (සිංහල), or Sinhalese, is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 16 million people in Sri Lanka, where it is an official language alongside Tamil. Its closest relative is Maldivian Dhivehi; earliest inscriptions date to the late 3rd or early 2nd century BCE.
Sinhala Nadagam
Sinhala Nadagam (සිංහල නාඩගම්) is a fully sung Sinhala folk musical drama combining song, dance, and acting, developed in coastal Sri Lanka from about 1750.
Sinhalese New Year
The Sinhalese New Year, or Aluth Avurudda, is Sri Lanka's national New Year festival on April 13 and 14, celebrated by Sinhalese Buddhists and Tamil Hindus alike.