All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Soche
Soche (Volcán el Soche) is a dacitic stratovolcano, 3,955 m, in northern Ecuador near Colombia; its early Holocene Plinian eruption (VEI 4–5) spread tephra northwest into Colombia.
Sochi (site)
Sochi Casino (Казино Сочи), opened January 5, 2017 at Estosadok, is the flagship casino of the Krasnaya Polyana gambling zone in Sochi, Russia, operated by DOMEIN LLC with 400+ slots, poker, and 24/7 entry for adults 18+.
Sochi (Сочи)
Sochi (Сочи) is Russia's largest Black Sea resort city in Krasnodar Krai, subtropical on the coast with snowy Caucasus slopes at Krasnaya Polyana, and host of the record-cost 2014 Winter Olympics.
Sochi Discovery World Aquarium
Sochi Discovery World Aquarium, an oceanarium in Adler, Sochi, opened 26 December 2009; about 5 million liters, 34 exhibits, 44 m acrylic tunnel, mermaid and feeding shows.
Sochi Park
Sochi Park is a theme park in Sochi, Russia, built on the 2014 Winter Olympic Park grounds and themed on Russian folklore, the first theme park in Russia.
Sōchō
Sōchō (宗長), also known as Saiokuken, was a Japanese renga master and diarist of the late Muromachi period who co-wrote the celebrated Minase sangin hyakuin of 1488.
Sochut Dendropark
Sochut Dendropark (Սոճուտ), the Sochut or Stepanavan Arboretum, is a 35 ha arboretum near Gyulagarak, Lori Province, Armenia, founded in 1931 by Polish forester Edmon Leonovich at 1,450 m altitude.
Social
Social: adjective for anything involving interaction among people. Covers social facts (Durkheim), individualism versus holism, social ontology, social structure, networks, and modern uses like social media and social capital.
Social accounting matrix
A social accounting matrix (SAM) is a square double-entry table recording production, income, and spending flows across an economy, used for multiplier analysis and calibrating CGE models.
Social alienation
Social alienation is the estrangement of individuals from others, society, or themselves, defined philosophically as problematic separation and operationalized by Melvin Seeman's five dimensions (powerlessness, meaninglessness, normlessness, isolation, self-estrangement), distinct from social isolation and loneliness.
Social anarchism
Social anarchism, also called collectivist or socialist anarchism, is the branch of anarchism linking individual freedom with mutual aid. It spans Bakunin's collectivism, Kropotkin's anarcho-communism, and anarcho-syndicalism, and rejects both the state and capitalism.
Social anthropology
Social anthropology, the British-founded branch of anthropology associated with Malinowski and Radcliffe-Brown, studies societies and social institutions through long-term participant-observation fieldwork and ethnography, distinct from American cultural anthropology mainly in emphasis on society over culture.
Social anxiety
Social anxiety (social phobia, social anxiety disorder) is persistent fear of scrutiny in social situations, affecting 7.1% of U.S. adults yearly; first-line treatment is individual CBT, with SSRIs/SNRIs as medication options.
Social anxiety disorder
Social anxiety disorder, previously known as social phobia, is a common anxiety condition involving lasting fear of scrutiny, judgment, or embarrassment in social and performance situations.
Social behavior
Social behavior: behavior directed toward or shaped by other members of one's species, studied through situationism, attribution, Tinbergen's four questions, cultural variation, cooperation, and applied behavioral science.
Social Blade
Social Blade is an American social media statistics website, founded by Jason Urgo in 2008 and based in Raleigh, North Carolina, that tracks creator growth on YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, Twitch, and Facebook.
Social bond
A social bond is a bond whose proceeds exclusively finance projects addressing social issues such as affordable housing, job creation, and access to essential services.
Social capital
Social capital: the resources, trust, networks, and support people obtain through social connections. Key theorists Bourdieu, Coleman, Putnam; forms bonding, bridging, linking; measured via OECD's four interpretations.
Social change
Social change: the significant alteration of social structure and cultural patterns over time, explained in sociology by evolutionary, conflict, functionalist, and cyclical theories, with drivers including technology, institutions, population, and environment.
Social choice theory
Social choice theory studies procedures aggregating individual votes, preferences, judgments, or welfare into collective decisions. Key results include Condorcet's paradox, Arrow's impossibility theorem, the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem, and May's characterization of majority rule.
Social Christian Reformist Party
Social Christian Reformist Party (Partido Reformista Social Cristiano, PRSC), Dominican Republic right-of-center party founded 21 July 1984 by merger of the Reformist and Social Christian Revolutionary parties; Balaguer's personalist party, its presidential vote fell from 24.60% in 2000 to 0.87% in 2024.
Social Christian Unity Party
The Social Christian Unity Party (Spanish: Partido Unidad Social Cristiana, PUSC) is a center-right Christian democratic party in Costa Rica, formed in 1983 by the merger of four parties.
Social class
Social class: groups sharing similar standing by wealth, income, education, family background, and occupation. Central concepts from Marx, Weber, and Bourdieu; measured by schemes like EGP and PISA's ESCS.
Social class in ancient Rome
Social class in ancient Rome ordered society into patricians, equestrians, plebeians, freedmen, and slaves, ranked by ancestry, wealth, citizenship, and census; formal hierarchy coexisted with notable social mobility, especially under the empire.
Social class in the United Kingdom
Social class in the United Kingdom: stratification by occupation, education, wealth, and culture, officially measured via NS-SEC since 2001, academically via the Goldthorpe scheme, and multidimensionally via the 2011-2013 Great British Class Survey's seven classes.
Social class in the United States
Social class in the United States divides Americans into upper, middle, and lower classes based on income, occupation, education, and wealth. The core middle class shrank from 35.5% of families in 1979 to 30.8% in 2024 while the upper middle class grew, and class shapes health, mobility, and political power.
Social Climate Fund
The Social Climate Fund (SCF) is a European Union funding instrument of €65 billion supporting vulnerable households as the EU extends carbon pricing to buildings and road transport.
Social cognitive theory
Social cognitive theory, Bandura's behavioral theory from the 1986 book Social Foundations of Thought and Action, explains behavior via triadic reciprocal causation of behavior, personal factors, and environment, centered on self-efficacy and observational learning.
Social commentary
Social commentary is the act of saying something about subjects that affect society, or a work in art, literature, or journalism that voices views on society and encourages reflection.
Social Communication Questionnaire
The Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), formerly the Autism Screening Questionnaire, is a 40-item yes/no parent questionnaire that screens children over age 4 for autism spectrum disorder.