All articles starting with S
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Somatic symptom disorder
Somatic symptom disorder (SSD), a DSM-5 diagnosis introduced in 2013, replaces DSM-IV somatoform disorders and hypochondriasis; distinguished from illness anxiety disorder by the presence of distressing somatic symptoms with excessive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors lasting six months or more.
Somatization
Somatization: expressing emotional distress as physical symptoms, historically tied to hysteria and Briquet's syndrome; now DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder and ICD-11 bodily distress disorder, treated mainly with CBT.
Somatomammotropinoma
Somatomammotropinoma (somatolactotropinoma, GH and PRL cosecreting pituitary adenoma, ORPHA:314769) is a rare mixed pituitary adenoma cosecreting growth hormone and prolactin, causing combined acromegaly and hyperprolactinemia.
Somatomotor neuron
Somatomotor neuron (somatic motor neuron, CL:0005024) is a cholinergic, excitatory motor neuron innervating skeletal muscle, subdivided into alpha, beta, and gamma types, and distinct from visceromotor autonomic neurons.
Somatorelin
Somatorelin (GHRH(1-44) amide, somatoliberin) is the 44-residue human hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone; its synthetic acetate, GHRH Ferring, was a 50 µg diagnostic pituitary test (ATC V04CD05) whose manufacture stopped in 2022.
Somatosensory Evoked Potentials
Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs, also written SSEPs) are electrical responses recorded from the nervous system after peripheral nerve stimulation, used to diagnose lesions, predict outcome, and monitor surgery.
Somatosensory stimulation
Somatosensory stimulation applies electrical stimuli to the body's sensory pathways to assess nervous system function or treat chronic pain and spasticity, spanning techniques from TENS to spinal cord stimulation.
Somatosensory system
Somatosensory system: the nervous system's network for touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception, carried by dorsal column-medial lemniscal and spinothalamic pathways to the somatosensory cortex.
Somatostatin
Somatostatin (SRIF), a cyclic peptide hormone discovered in 1973, inhibits growth hormone, insulin, glucagon, and digestive secretions via five GPCR subtypes; analogs like octreotide treat acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumors.
Somatostatin analog therapy
Somatostatin analog therapy uses long-lasting synthetic versions of the hormone somatostatin, such as octreotide and lanreotide, to control hormonal symptoms and slow tumor growth in acromegaly and neuroendocrine tumors.
Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy
Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) is a nuclear medicine scan using radiolabeled octreotide to image neuroendocrine tumors; introduced in 1992, it was superseded by SSTR PET.
Somatostatinoma
Somatostatinoma: an extremely rare somatostatin-secreting neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas or duodenum (about 1 in 40 million incidence), causing diabetes, gallstones, and steatorrhea in a minority of cases.
Somatotropin
Somatotropin, also called growth hormone (GH), hGH, or somatropin, is a 191-amino-acid, 22 kDa anterior pituitary hormone regulating growth and metabolism; deficiency causes short stature, excess causes gigantism and acromegaly.
Somatotype and constitutional psychology
Somatotype and constitutional psychology: William H. Sheldon's 1940s theory rating endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy on 1–7 scales and linking body build to temperament and delinquency; now discredited, with the Heath–Carter method surviving in sports science.
Somatrem
Somatrem (methionyl human growth hormone, met-rGH), marketed as Protropin by Genentech and Somatonorm in Europe, was the first recombinant biotech drug made and marketed by a biotech company, FDA-approved October 1985 for childhood growth hormone deficiency and discontinued in the 2000s.
Somatrogon
Somatrogon (Ngenla) is a long-acting recombinant human growth hormone fusion protein with three hCG CTP copies, given once weekly at 0.66 mg/kg for pediatric growth hormone deficiency; FDA-approved June 2023.
Somatus
Somatus is a value-based kidney care company based in McLean, Virginia, founded in 2016, which partners with nephrology practices and insurers to manage patients with chronic kidney disease.
Somavamshi dynasty
The Somavamshi dynasty (सोमवंशी), also called the Panduvamshi dynasty, ruled Odisha from the 9th century CE, first unifying Kalinga, Utkala, Kongoda, and Kosala under one rule.
Somaya Bashir
Somaya Bashir (סומיה בשיר, born 1974) is an Arab-Israeli psychologist and activist from Jatt, founder of We Have No Other Land and Insan, Women Wage Peace leader, and the first Arab woman elected to a realistic slot on Israel's Democrats party Knesset slate.
Somaya Darweesh
Somaya Darweesh (Sumaya Darwish) is an Egyptian singer and actress born in Cairo in 1989, best known for "Al-Ayam" from the 2007 film Kashf Hesab.
Somayāji Dorsum
Somayāji Dorsum (Somayaji Dorsum) is a 303 km ridge, or dorsum, on Mercury at 52.99°N 164.37°W in quadrangle H-03, adopted by the IAU in 2026 and named for the Indian astronomer Nilakantha (1444–1544).
Somayeh Taheri
Somayeh Taheri is an Iranian-born, Manchester-based energy technology entrepreneur who co-founded UrbanChain in 2017, a peer-to-peer renewable energy exchange, and was an EY Entrepreneur Of The Year 2025 UK finalist.
Sombor (Сомбор)
Sombor (Сомбор, Hungarian Zombor) is a city in northwestern Bačka, Vojvodina, Serbia, near the Hungarian border; a free royal city since 1749, former Bač-Bodrog county seat, agricultural center with about 100,000 municipality residents.
Sombr
Sombr, real name Shane Michael Boose, is an American singer and producer. His debut album I Barely Know Her reached No. 10 on the Billboard 200.
Sombr discography
Sombr discography: catalog of Shane Michael Boose (born 2005), one album I Barely Know Her (2025), EP In Another Life (2023), and 20-plus singles from 2021's "Nothing Left to Say" through 2026's "My Body Isn't Ready", on SMB Music and Warner Records.
Sombrero
The sombrero is a broad-brimmed, usually tall-crowned hat of straw or felt associated with Spain, Mexico, and the southwestern United States; in Spanish the word means any hat.
Sombrero Galaxy
The Sombrero Galaxy (Messier 104, NGC 4594) is a nearly edge-on galaxy about 30 million light-years away in Virgo, named for its brilliant bulge ringed by a dark dust lane.
Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Pichaiyat
Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Pichaiyat (สมเด็จเจ้าพระยาบรมมหาพิไชยญาติ), born Tat Bunnag, was a Siamese nobleman of the Bunnag family who served as Regent of Bangkok under King Mongkut.
Somdet To
Somdet To, also known as Somdet Phra Phutthachan, was a Thai Buddhist monk of Wat Rakhang in Thonburi who taught King Mongkut and created the Phra Somdet amulet.
Somdev Devvarman
Somdev Devvarman (Somdev Kishore Devvarman), Indian tennis player; two-time NCAA singles champion at Virginia (2007, 2008), career-high ATP rank 71, Commonwealth and Asian Games singles gold 2010, Arjuna Award 2011.