All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Space syntax
Space syntax is a set of mathematical and computational techniques for analyzing building and street layouts, relating spatial configuration to movement and social behavior, built on graph theory.
Space technology
Space technology, also known as spaceflight technology, covers the launch vehicles, spacecraft subsystems, and ground networks used to reach and operate in space, with launch costs falling 96% since 1960.
Space Technology 5
Space Technology 5, part of NASA's New Millennium Program, launched three micro-satellites in March 2006 to demonstrate operating a small constellation and test miniaturized space technologies.
Space telescope
A space telescope, also known as a space observatory, is an astronomical observatory placed above Earth's atmosphere, avoiding blurring and absorption to study the universe, as with Hubble and Webb.
Space Telescope Science Institute
The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) is a Baltimore, Maryland, center, founded in 1983, that runs science operations for the Hubble telescope and all operations of JWST.
Space Test Program
The Space Test Program (STP) is a US Department of Defense program, created in 1966, that provides launches for DoD research and development payloads whose sponsors lack their own spacecraft funding.
Space toilet
A space toilet (also called a zero-gravity or spaceship toilet) is a device that uses directed airflow to collect urine and feces in weightlessness, first flown on Skylab in 1973.
Space tourism
Space tourism is private individuals paying to travel into space for recreation, beginning with Dennis Tito's $20 million Soyuz trip to the ISS in 2001.
Space Tracking and Surveillance System
The Space Tracking and Surveillance System (STSS Demo) was a US Missile Defense Agency system whose two 2009 satellites demonstrated birth-to-death tracking of ballistic missiles from orbit.
Space Variable Objects Monitor
The Space Variable Objects Monitor (SVOM) is a French-Chinese satellite launched in June 2024 to detect gamma-ray bursts and relay their positions within a minute.
Space vector modulation
Space vector modulation (SVM) is a pulse-width modulation technique for three-phase inverters, yielding about 15% more output voltage than sinusoidal PWM from the same DC supply.
Space warfare
Space warfare: military actions in, from, and to the space domain, covering satellite support of terrestrial operations and counterspace attack modes (ASAT missiles, jamming, cyber, lasers). Key facts: 1967 Outer Space Treaty, 2007 Chinese ASAT test, Desert Storm as first space war, US on-orbit weapons acknowledged 2026.
Space Western
A space western, also called sci-fi western, is a science-fiction subgenre transposing American Western themes onto space frontiers, spanning literature, film, television, and video games.
Space-based data center
A space-based data center, also called an orbital data center, hosts processors and storage on satellites in orbit, powered by solar energy and cooled by radiating heat into space.
Space-Based Infrared System
The Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) is a United States Space Force constellation of infrared surveillance satellites that detects missile launches for early warning and missile defense.
Space-based solar power
Space-based solar power, also called space solar power, is a proposed technology in which satellites collect sunlight in orbit and beam it to Earth, working day and night in all weather.
Space-charge-limited current
Space-charge-limited current (SCLC) is the maximum current that can flow across a gap under a voltage bias, limited by the electrostatic repulsion of the injected charge itself.
Space-charge-limited current method
The space-charge-limited current (SCLC) method extracts carrier mobility and trap parameters from the current–voltage curve of a single-carrier diode, and is widely used in organic and perovskite electronics.
Space-division multiple access
Space-division multiple access (SDMA) is a wireless access technique that serves several users in one frequency band by separating them through their distinct spatial signatures on a base-station antenna array.
Space-division multiplexing
Space-division multiplexing (SDM) is a transmission technique that sends multiple independent data streams through spatially separated paths, such as multicore fibers or MIMO antennas, multiplying capacity without extra spectrum.
Space-frequency block code
A space-frequency block code (SFBC) is a transmit-diversity technique for multicarrier wireless systems that applies an orthogonal block code, usually the Alamouti code, across adjacent OFDM subcarriers.
Space-time adaptive processing
Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) is a radar signal processing method that jointly filters signals in space and time to suppress clutter and detect moving targets from airborne platforms.
Space-time block code
A space-time block code (STBC) is a MIMO wireless transmission scheme that maps symbols across transmit antennas and time slots to provide diversity against fading.
Space-time block coding
Space-time block coding (STBC) is a MIMO transmit-diversity technique that maps data symbols across multiple antennas and time slots, letting receivers recover signals even when some antenna paths fade deeply.
Space-time clustering
Space-time clustering is a family of statistical tests, such as the Knox test, that detect whether events like disease cases cluster in both space and time.
Space-time equalization
Space-time equalization is a receiver signal-processing technique for wireless links that combats intersymbol and co-channel interference by filtering jointly across multiple antennas and over time.
Space-time metamaterials
Space-time metamaterials are artificial wave media whose properties are modulated in both space and time, breaking reciprocity and enabling one-way transmission and asymmetric frequency conversion.
Space-time metasurface
A space-time metasurface is an artificial electromagnetic surface whose unit cells vary in both space and time, enabling frequency conversion, beam steering, and nonreciprocal wave control.
Space-time shift keying
Space-time shift keying (STSK) is a MIMO wireless modulation scheme proposed by Shinya Sugiura, Sheng Chen, and Lajos Hanzo at Southampton in 2010, activating one dispersion matrix per block.
Space-time trellis code
A space-time trellis code is a channel code for MIMO wireless systems that extends trellis-coded modulation across multiple transmit antennas, introduced by Tarokh, Seshadri, and Calderbank in 1998.