All articles starting with T

Trimebutine

Trimebutine (trimebutine maleate; brands Modulon, Debridat) is a non-FDA-approved spasmolytic for IBS and postoperative paralytic ileus, acting via opioid receptors, peptide release, and calcium channels; ATC A03AA05, up to 600 mg/day.

Trimedlure

Trimedlure (TML) is a synthetic parapheromone lure, tert-butyl chloro-methylcyclohexanecarboxylate esters, that attracts male Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) males only; standard medfly surveillance lure since 1961.

Trimegestone

Trimegestone (RU-27987, 21-hydroxypromegestone) is a synthetic 19-norpregnane progestin used with estradiol in menopausal hormone therapy; potent, progesterone-receptor selective, dosed 0.0625-0.5 mg, also studied in a contraceptive vaginal ring.

Trimellitic anhydride

Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) is a white, flake-form cyclic carboxylic anhydride made by oxidizing pseudocumene, used chiefly in PVC plasticizers, wire enamels, and epoxy curing agents, and regulated as a respiratory sensitizer.

Trimeresurus

Trimeresurus (Lacépède, 1804), Asian lancehead or bamboo pitvipers, habus: a genus of venomous pit vipers (Viperidae, Crotalinae) across southeast Asia, with over 61 species, a history of taxonomic splitting, and haemorrhagic, fibrinogen-cleaving venom.

Trimesic acid

Trimesic acid, also called benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, is an aromatic acid with three carboxyl groups on benzene, known for honeycomb hydrogen-bonded networks and the metal-organic framework HKUST-1.

Trimetazidine

Trimetazidine (Vastarel) is a piperazine metabolic antianginal drug for stable angina as add-on therapy; it inhibits fatty acid β-oxidation, can cause reversible Parkinsonism, is not FDA approved, and is WADA-prohibited since 2015.

Trimethadione

Trimethadione (Tridione, troxidone) is an oxazolidinedione anticonvulsant approved in the US in 1946 for refractory absence seizures; it blocks thalamic T-type calcium channels and was withdrawn in the mid-1990s.

Trimethaphan

Trimethaphan, marketed as the camsylate salt Arfonad, is a short-acting intravenous ganglionic-blocking antihypertensive used for controlled hypotension in surgery and hypertensive emergencies; a monograph reports its withdrawal from the market in 1996.

Trimethobenzamide

Trimethobenzamide, sold in the United States under the brand name Tigan, is a prescription antiemetic approved in 1974 that treats postoperative nausea and vomiting and nausea from gastroenteritis in adults.

Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim (TMP) is an antibiotic that reversibly inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase; developed by Hitchings and Elion, it is used for urinary tract infections and as co-trimoxazole with sulfamethoxazole.

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, abbreviated TMP-SMX and sold as Bactrim, is a fixed-dose combination antibiotic introduced in 1968 that blocks bacterial folate synthesis and is the treatment of choice for Pneumocystis pneumonia.

Trimethyl orthoformate

Trimethyl orthoformate, also called trimethoxymethane or TMOF, is the simplest orthoester, a colorless pungent liquid used in synthesis as a dehydrating, acetal-forming, and methylating agent.

Trimethyl phosphite

Trimethyl phosphite is the organophosphorus compound with formula (CH₃O)₃P, the trimethyl ester of phosphorous acid, a colorless liquid used mainly as a chemical intermediate in the Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction.

Trimethylaluminum

Trimethylaluminum, also called trimethylaluminium or trimethylalane, is a pyrophoric organoaluminum compound with formula Al(CH₃)₃, the leading aluminum precursor for atomic layer deposition and a Ziegler–Natta catalyst component.

Trimethylamine

Trimethylamine (TMA) is a colorless tertiary amine gas with a pungent fishy odor, best known as the smell of rotting fish, and it accumulates in the metabolic disorder trimethylaminuria.

Trimethylamine hydrochloride

Trimethylamine hydrochloride (trimethylammonium chloride, CAS 593-81-7) is the white, deliquescent hydrochloride salt of trimethylamine gas, MW 95.57, used for quaternary ammonium compounds, fly-trap attractants, and ionic liquids.

Trimethylamine methyltransferase

Trimethylamine methyltransferase (MttB, EC 2.1.1.250) is a pyrrolysine-containing corrinoid methyltransferase of methanogens that demethylates trimethylamine to dimethylamine, methylating the MttC corrinoid protein to start methanogenesis.

Trimethylamine N-oxide

Trimethylamine N-oxide, or TMAO, is an amine oxide of trimethylamine that deep-sea fish accumulate to protect proteins from pressure and whose blood levels have been linked to heart disease.

Trimethylaminuria

Trimethylaminuria (TMAU, fish odor syndrome) is a metabolic disorder in which FMO3 enzyme deficiency leaves trimethylamine unoxidized, causing fishy odor in sweat, urine, and breath; managed by diet, antibiotics, and hygiene.

Trimethylglycine

Trimethylglycine (betaine, glycine betaine) is a zwitterionic quaternary ammonium compound, C5H11NO2, discovered in sugar beets; it acts as an osmolyte and methyl donor via BHMT, lowering homocysteine.

Trimethylolpropane

Trimethylolpropane (TMP), also called 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol, is a trifunctional polyol with three primary hydroxyl groups, used industrially in alkyd resins, saturated polyesters, polyurethanes, and synthetic jet engine lubricant esters.

Trimethylphosphine

Trimethylphosphine (PMe3) is the simplest tertiary phosphine, a colorless, flammable liquid that ignites in air and is best known as a strongly electron-donating ligand in organometallic chemistry.

Trimethylsilyl azide

Trimethylsilyl azide (azidotrimethylsilane, TMS-N₃) is a moisture-sensitive, flammable liquid used in organic synthesis as an azide transfer reagent, making triazoles and tetrazoles, and as a safer substitute for hydrazoic acid.

Trimethylsilyl chloride

Trimethylsilyl chloride (TMSCl), also called chlorotrimethylsilane, is a colorless, moisture-sensitive organosilicon liquid with formula (CH₃)₃SiCl, used to silylate alcohols in synthesis and as a catalyst in gas chromatography derivatization.

Trimethylsilyl cyanide

Trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) is an organosilicon compound used in organic synthesis as a convenient cyanide source, adding the CN group to carbonyl compounds and imines in reactions such as cyanosilylation and the Strecker synthesis.

Trimethylsilyl ether

A trimethylsilyl (TMS) ether is an organosilicon compound of the form R–O–Si(CH₃)₃, formed by protecting an alcohol or phenol; the least stable silyl protecting group, it is easily removed under mild conditions.

Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate

Trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf), also called trimethylsilyl triflate, is a colorless, moisture-sensitive liquid silylating agent and Lewis acid used in organic synthesis for enol ether formation, glycosylation, and acylation.

Trimethylsilylacetylene

Trimethylsilylacetylene, also called ethynyltrimethylsilane, is a volatile organosilicon liquid whose trimethylsilyl group caps acetylene, serving as a protected two-carbon building block in organic synthesis, most prominently in Sonogashira couplings.