All articles starting with T
35,749 articles
Time-resolved microwave conductivity
Time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) is a contactless technique that measures the transient photoconductance of semiconductor films after a laser pulse, widely used to screen photovoltaic materials such as perovskites and organic blends.
Time-resolved particle image velocimetry
Time-resolved particle image velocimetry (TR-PIV) is a form of particle image velocimetry that captures rapid sequences of velocity fields, resolving unsteady flow dynamics rather than isolated snapshots.
Time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy
Time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy, or tr-PEEM, combines pump–probe laser spectroscopy with a photoemission electron microscope, imaging surface electronic dynamics with nanometer spatial and femtosecond temporal resolution.
Time-resolved photoluminescence
Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) is a contactless, non-destructive spectroscopic technique that measures the decay of a sample's light emission after a short excitation pulse, yielding excited-state lifetimes.
Time-resolved resonant X-ray scattering of orbital order dynamics
Time-resolved resonant X-ray scattering of orbital order dynamics (tr-RXS, tr-RSXS) is a pump-probe technique in which X-ray pulses track how orbital order in a material melts, recovers, or rearranges within femtoseconds to nanoseconds.
Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography
Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (TR-SFX) is a technique that combines serial femtosecond crystallography at an X-ray free-electron laser with pump–probe triggering, producing femtosecond-resolution molecular movies and first demonstrated at the LCLS in 2009.
Time-resolved spectroscopy
Time-resolved spectroscopy is a family of techniques that measure how a sample's optical response, most often fluorescence, changes over time after excitation by a short pulse of light.
Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (TR-XAS) is a pump–probe technique tracking oxidation state, spin state, and local geometry on femtosecond-to-millisecond timescales, first demonstrated in 1984 on carbon monoxide recombination with myoglobin.
Time-resolved X-ray crystallography
Time-resolved X-ray crystallography is a family of methods that films proteins at work, capturing three-dimensional structural snapshots at controlled delays after a reaction is triggered.
Time-resolved X-ray magnetic imaging
Time-resolved X-ray magnetic imaging is a family of microscopy methods that records how nanoscale magnetization changes over time, using X-ray dichroism for magnetic contrast and pump-probe timing.
Time-resolved X-ray solution scattering
Time-resolved X-ray solution scattering (TRXSS), also called time-resolved X-ray liquidography (TRXL), follows structural changes of molecules in solution using an optical laser pump and delayed X-ray probe pulses.
Time-scale calculus
Time-scale calculus is a mathematical framework unifying continuous and discrete analysis, introduced by Stefan Hilger in 1988, studying dynamic equations on closed subsets of the real line.
Time-Sensitive Networking
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a set of IEEE 802.1 standards that add deterministic communication with bounded latency to standard Ethernet, used in industrial automation and automotive networks.
Time-series photometry
Time-series photometry is the astronomical technique of repeatedly measuring an object's brightness to build a light curve, revealing transiting exoplanets, eclipsing binaries, and pulsating stars.
Time-sharing
Time-sharing is an operating system technique that gives each running program the processor for short intervals in turn, letting one expensive mainframe serve many terminal users at once.
Time-space sampling
Time-space sampling (TSS), also called time-location sampling, is a probability survey method that recruits hard-to-reach populations at the places and times they congregate, used widely in HIV research.
Time-to-Treatment
Time-to-treatment (MeSH D061665; door-to-treatment time) is the interval from symptom onset or disease suspicion to start of therapy, combining consultative, diagnostic, and treatment waits; used as a quality metric in cancer, emergency, and elective care.
Time-traveler UFO hypothesis
The time-traveler UFO hypothesis, or chrononaut hypothesis, proposes UAP are craft flown by future humans traveling back in time, first systematized by Michael P. Masters in 2019; it relies on closed timelike curves and has never received government study or scientific endorsement.
Time-use diary
A time-use diary is a survey instrument in which a respondent records the activities of a single day in sequence, with how long each lasted.
Time-use survey
A time-use survey is a social-science method in which respondents record their activities over a 24-hour day, producing time budgets that measure unpaid work, leisure, and gender gaps.
Time-varying optimization
Time-varying optimization is the task of minimizing a convex problem whose objective and feasible set change continuously in time, so algorithms track the moving optimum rather than converge.
Time-varying parameter vector autoregression
A time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) is a multivariate time-series model whose coefficients, and often error variances, evolve over time, used to study how economic relationships change across decades.
Time-weighted return
Time-weighted return (TWR) measures the compound growth rate of invested capital, independent of when investors deposit or withdraw money, and is the standard method for fund performance reporting under GIPS.
Time-windowed path planning
Time-windowed path planning is a family of multi-agent path planning methods that plan or validate each agent's route only over a bounded time window, making collision-free coordination of many robots tractable in warehouses.
Time–frequency analysis
Time–frequency analysis is a family of signal-processing methods that represent a signal in time and frequency at once, revealing how its frequency content changes over time.
Time–frequency representation
A time–frequency representation is a signal processing method that maps a signal's energy over time and frequency at once, with the spectrogram as the standard example.
Time–temperature superposition
Time–temperature superposition (TTS) is a rheology method that shifts modulus data from several temperatures onto one master curve, extending the measurable time or frequency range.
Time's 10 Best Graphic Novels
Time's 10 Best Graphic Novels is an unranked ten-title list of the best graphic novels of all time, compiled by Time book critic Lev Grossman around 2005 because of Watchmen.
Timea Nagy
Tímea Nagy, a Hungarian épée fencer born in 1970, is renowned for her Olympic gold medals in 2000 and 2004 and her five team world titles.
Timecop
Timecop is a 1994 American science-fiction action film directed by Peter Hyams, starring Jean-Claude Van Damme as a federal agent pursuing a corrupt senator through time.