All articles starting with Z
3,498 articles
Zygfryd Szołtysik
Zygfryd Ludwik Szołtysik, "Zyga" or "Mały", Polish footballer born 1942 in Sucha Góra; Górnik Zabrze record holder with over 500 matches, 7 Polish titles, and Olympic gold at Munich 1972, scoring the decisive goal against the USSR.
Zygi Wilf
Zygi Wilf (Zygmunt Wilf), New Jersey real estate developer and principal of Garden Homes, principal owner and chairman of the Minnesota Vikings since the 2005 $600 million purchase from Red McCombs; also vice chair of Orlando City SC and Orlando Pride.
Zygmunt Anczok
Zygmunt Anczok ("Ana"), born 1946 in Lubliniec, Polish left back, Olympic gold medalist Munich 1972, 48 caps for Poland, Polonia Bytom and Górnik Zabrze defender, career ended by metatarsal fractures before the 1974 World Cup.
Zygmunt Bauman
Zygmunt Bauman (1925–2017), Polish-British sociologist at Leeds, theorist of liquid modernity and author of Modernity and the Holocaust; prolific, translated into 35 languages.
Zygmunt Berling
Zygmunt Henryk Berling (1896–1980) was a Polish general recruited by the NKWD in Soviet captivity who commanded the 1st Kościuszko Infantry Division and the 1st Polish Army.
Zygmunt Chychła
Zygmunt Chychła (1926-2009), Polish amateur boxer, 'Twardy Kaszub', won welterweight gold at Helsinki 1952, Poland's first postwar Olympic gold and first boxing gold; twice European champion (1951, 1953).
Zygmunt Heljasz
Zygmunt Heljasz (1908–1963) was a Polish shot putter who set a world record of 16.05 m in 1932 and competed at the Los Angeles Olympics.
Zygmunt Krasiński
Zygmunt Krasiński (1812–1859) was a Polish Romantic poet and playwright, counted with Mickiewicz and Słowacki among Poland's three national bards, known for The Undivine Comedy.
Zygmunt Maszczyk
Zygmunt Maszczyk (Zyga), Polish midfielder born 1945 in Siemianowice; Ruch Chorzów legend (310 games, 3 titles), Olympic gold 1972 and silver 1976, 1974 World Cup bronze; later settled in Lüdenscheid, Germany.
Zygmunt Sierakowski
Zygmunt Sierakowski (Lithuanian: Zigmantas Sierakauskas) was a former Russian army officer who commanded insurgent forces in Kaunas province during the 1863 January Uprising, and was hanged in Vilnius.
Zygmunt Smalcerz
Zygmunt Antoni Smalcerz, Polish weightlifter born 1941 in Bestwinka, 1972 Munich Olympic flyweight (52 kg) champion with 337.5 kg, three-time world and four-time European champion, later coach of Polish, US, and Norwegian teams.
Zygmunt Solorz
Zygmunt Solorz, also known as Zygmunt Solorz-Żak, is a Polish media and telecom entrepreneur who founded Polsat in 1992 and built the Cyfrowy Polsat group.
Zygmunt Zahorski
Zygmunt Zahorski (1914–1998) was a Polish mathematician specializing in real analysis and trigonometric series, best known for his 1947 characterization of the singular point sets of infinitely differentiable functions.
Zygomatic bone
Zygomatic bone (os zygomaticum, zygoma, malar, cheekbone): paired facial bone forming the cheek prominence, lateral orbit wall, and zygomatic arch with the temporal bone; articulates with frontal, maxilla, temporal, sphenoid; homologous to the jugal.
Zygomycota
Zygomycota, the former zygomycete phylum of fungi defined by zygospores and coenocytic hyphae, was abandoned after molecular phylogenetics showed it is polyphyletic; its members now sit in Mucoromycota, Zoopagomycota, and Glomeromycota.
Zygophyllaceae
Zygophyllaceae R.Br., the creosote-bush family, is an order-level family (Zygophyllales) of arid-adapted trees, shrubs, and herbs with about 20 to 27 genera and 200 to 285 species, sister to Krameriaceae, including Zygophyllum, Guaiacum, Tribulus, and Larrea.
Zygophyllum
Zygophyllum L. (synonym Tetraena in part) is a genus of about 128 accepted succulent shrubs in Zygophyllaceae, native from Macaronesia and Africa to Mongolia, India, Mexico, and Chile, adapted to drought and salinity and used in traditional medicine.
Zygosaccharomyces
Zygosaccharomyces is a genus of ascomycetous spoilage yeasts (Saccharomycetaceae) including Z. bailii, the preservative-resistant food spoiler, and Z. rouxii, the soy sauce yeast; distinguished by weak-acid resistance from population pH heterogeneity.
Zygosity
Zygosity describes whether the two alleles at a genetic locus are identical (homozygous) or different (heterozygous), plus hemizygosity; also the MZ/DZ zygosity of twins used in heritability studies and measured genomically via runs of homozygosity.
Zygospore
Zygospore: the thick-walled, melanized, often warty diploid sexual resting spore formed by gametangial conjugation in zygomycete fungi; formerly defined phylum Zygomycota, now split into Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota.
Zygote
Zygote: the single diploid cell formed by fusion of egg and sperm at fertilization; totipotent, initially transcriptionally silent, undergoes zygotic genome activation and maternal-to-zygotic transition in animals and plants.
Zygote arrest protein 1
Zygote arrest protein 1 (ZAR1, Zar1) is an oocyte-specific maternal-effect RNA-binding protein essential for the oocyte-to-embryo transition; its loss causes one-cell embryo arrest and female infertility, and human ZAR1 variants cause oocyte maturation failure.
Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer
Zygote intrafallopian transfer, also known as pronuclear stage tubal transfer or ZIFT, is a rarely performed assisted reproductive procedure that places IVF-created zygotes into the Fallopian tube.
Zygotic genome activation (ZGA)
Zygotic genome activation (ZGA), also embryonic genome activation, is the first embryonic transcription after fertilization, in two waves (minor and major), timed by N/C ratio, maternal clock, or chromatin models; human major ZGA peaks at the 4-8 cell stage.
Zygouries (Corinthia)
Zygouries is a prehistoric settlement site in the Corinthia of Greece, inhabited from about 3200 to 1200 BC and excavated by Carl Blegen in 1921.
ZYH7
ZYH7 (ZYH-7) is an investigational PPARα agonist for dyslipidemia developed by Zydus Cadila; IND filed 2007, phase 2 trial NCT01539616 versus fenofibrate completed.
ZYI1
ZYI1 (ZYI-1) was a Zydus Cadila small-molecule drug candidate for inflammation and pain, in Phase II trials by 2009; its mode of action was never disclosed and the program was abandoned in Phase 2.
Zyklon B
Zyklon B (Zyklon-Blausäure), a hydrogen cyanide fumigant patented by Degesch in 1924, used legitimately for pest control and by the SS from September 1941 to murder about 1 million people at Auschwitz and other Nazi camps.
Zymogen
Zymogen (proenzyme): inactive precursor of an enzyme, especially a protease, activated by limited proteolytic cleavage. Examples include trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, pepsinogen, and prothrombin; activation is irreversible and drives cascades like coagulation.
Zymography
Zymography is an electrophoresis-based technique that detects enzyme activity by running samples through a polyacrylamide gel containing an embedded substrate, used chiefly to study hydrolytic enzymes, especially matrix metalloproteinases.