All articles starting with Z
3,498 articles
Zirconium dioxide
Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), also known as zirconic anhydride or zirconia, is a white crystalline oxide of zirconium with three crystal phases, used in fuel cells, jet-engine thermal coatings, and dental implants.
Zirconium disulfide
Zirconium disulfide (ZrS2) is a layered transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductor with a 1T trigonal structure and about a 2 eV band gap, studied for photodetectors, lithium-ion batteries, and thermoelectrics.
Zirconium hydride
Zirconium hydride is a compound of zirconium and hydrogen, typically the dihydride ZrH₂, a grayish black solid that forms brittle precipitates in reactor fuel cladding and serves deliberately as a hydrogen moderator in TRIGA research reactors.
Zirconium nanoparticle-functionalized 7075 aluminum for crack-free printing
Zirconium nanoparticle-functionalized 7075 aluminum is a high-strength aluminum alloy powder coated with zirconium nanoparticles so it can be 3D printed crack-free, shown in a 2017 Nature paper.
Zirconium nitride
Zirconium nitride (ZrN) is a hard, golden ceramic compound of zirconium and nitrogen with a melting point near 2980 °C, used as a PVD coating for cutting tools and decorative finishes.
Zirconium nitride plasmonics
Zirconium nitride plasmonics is the use of the refractory ceramic ZrN as a plasmonic metal, proposed as a heat-tolerant alternative to gold with a similar visible optical response.
Zirconium pentatelluride
Zirconium pentatelluride (ZrTe₅) is a layered crystalline compound of zirconium and tellurium whose ground state varies between weak or strong topological insulator and Dirac semimetal depending on growth and defects.
Zirconium phosphate
Zirconium phosphate is a family of synthetic inorganic solids combining zirconium and phosphate, studied as ion exchangers since the 1950s and used in fuel cells, catalysts, and drug delivery.
Zirconium silicide
Zirconium silicide is any of several intermetallic compounds of zirconium and silicon, including ZrSi2 and ZrSi, prized for high melting points and oxidation resistance in protective coatings, microelectronics, and nuclear reactors.
Zirconium Zr-89 girentuximab (Zircaix)
Zirconium Zr-89 girentuximab (Zircaix, TLX250-CDx, 89Zr-DFO-girentuximab) is a zirconium-89-labeled anti-CAIX antibody for PET/CT imaging of clear cell renal cell carcinoma; ZIRCON phase 3 showed 85.5% sensitivity and 87.0% specificity.
Zirconium-89
Zirconium-89 is an artificial positron-emitting radioisotope with a 78.4-hour half-life, made on cyclotrons from yttrium-89 and used in immuno-PET to label monoclonal antibodies for imaging their biodistribution, mostly in oncology.
Zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks
Zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) are porous crystalline materials built from zirconium clusters and carboxylate linkers, first synthesized in 2008 by Lillerud's group, giving rise to the UiO series and prized for exceptional stability.
Zirconium-niobium alloy
A zirconium-niobium alloy is a zirconium alloy used in nuclear reactors, where niobium improves corrosion resistance and strength; main grades include E110, E125, M5, and ZIRLO.
Zirconocene dichloride
Zirconocene dichloride, or Cp2ZrCl2, is a bent metallocene of zirconium(IV) with two cyclopentadienyl rings and two chloride ligands, and the precursor to Schwartz's reagent and the Negishi reagent.
Zirconolite
Zirconolite is a rare calcium zirconium titanium oxide mineral, ideally CaZrTi₂O₇, first described in 1956 from Russia's Kola Peninsula and proposed as the main actinide-hosting phase in SYNROC nuclear wasteforms.
Ziresovir
Ziresovir (AK0529, formerly RO-0529) is an oral RSV F protein inhibitor by Shanghai Ark Biopharmaceutical; its phase 3 AIRFLO trial showed reduced bronchiolitis scores and viral load in hospitalized infants.
Zirfon Perl
Zirfon Perl is a family of porous separator membranes made by Agfa-Gevaert for alkaline water electrolysis, separating the hydrogen and oxygen electrodes of an electrolyzer.
Ziri ibn Manad
Ziri ibn Manad (زيري بن مناد) was a Sanhaja Berber chieftain who served the Fatimid caliphs, built the capital Ashir in 935, and gave his name to the Zirid dynasty.
Zirid administration of Ifriqiya
The Zirid administration of Ifriqiya (نظام الزيريين في إفريقية) was the Zirid dynasty's government of the Maghreb for the Fatimids from 972, ruling from Kairouan.
Zirid break with the Fatimids and return to Sunni allegiance (1040s)
The Zirid break with the Fatimids (انقلاب المعز بن باديس إلى المذهب السني) was al-Mu'izz ibn Badis's renunciation of Fatimid allegiance for the Sunni Abbasids in 1048.
Zirid break with the Fatimids and the Banu Hilal migration
The Zirid break with the Fatimids (قطيعة الزيريين عن الفاطميين) was al-Mu'izz ibn Badis's 1048 declaration of independence, prompting the Fatimids to send the Banu Hilal into Ifriqiya.
Zirid conquest of Granada
The Zirid conquest of Granada was the seizure of the cora of Elvira by Zawi ibn Ziri in 1013, founding one of the earliest taifa kingdoms.
Zirid dynasty
Zirid dynasty (972–1148), Sanhaja Berber rulers of Ifriqiya (Tunisia) under Fatimid then Abbasid overlordship; split into Hammadids, broken by Banu Hilal invasion after 1049, ended by Norman conquest of Mahdia in 1148.
Zirid retreat to Mahdia and coastal rump state
The Zirid retreat to Mahdia (انسحاب الزيري إلى المهدية) was the Zirid dynasty's 1057 abandonment of Kairouan for coastal Mahdia, where it ruled a rump state until 1148.
Zirid secession from the Fatimids
The Zirid secession from the Fatimids (انفصال الزيريين) was al-Mu'izz ibn Badis's break with Fatimid rule in Ifriqiya around 1048, prompting the Fatimids to send the Banu Hilal into North Africa.
Zirid secession from the Fatimids and switch to Abbasid allegiance
The Zirid secession from the Fatimids was the renunciation of Fatimid suzerainty by the Zirids of Ifriqiya under al-Mu'izz ibn Badis, in stages from 1049 to 1052.
Zirid–Hammadid split (c. 1015)
The Zirid–Hammadid split (انفصال الحماديين عن الزيريين) divided the Sanhaja realm into the Zirid and Hammadid states after war between Hammad ibn Buluggin and his nephew Badis ibn Mansur.
Ziritaxestat
Ziritaxestat (GLPG1690) is a Galapagos-developed small-molecule selective autotaxin inhibitor tested for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic sclerosis; its phase 3 ISABELA trials failed and development was discontinued in 2021.
Zirka Tessera
Zirka Tessera is a 450-km-wide tessera (deformed crustal terrain) on Venus at 33°N, 300°E, IAU-named in 1997 for a Belorussian happiness goddess, in the Sedna Planitia quadrangle region.
ZIRLO
ZIRLO is a zirconium alloy developed by Westinghouse for nuclear fuel rod cladding in light water reactors, combining low neutron absorption with better corrosion resistance and creep behavior than earlier Zircaloy alloys.