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Solid dispersion
Solid dispersion is a molecular mixture of a poorly water-soluble drug in an inert, hydrophilic carrier. This technique, prepared by melting or solvent evaporation, improves the absorption of drugs.
Solid electrolyte
A solid-state electrolyte is a solid material, typically a ceramic, glass-ceramic, polymer, or composite, that conducts lithium, sodium, or potassium ions between a battery's electrodes while suppressing electronic conduction.
Solid electrolyte interphase
The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a nanoscale passivation layer on lithium batteries' negative electrode that conducts ions but blocks electrons, forming mainly during the first charge.
Solid electrolyte interphase engineering
Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) engineering is the deliberate design of the film that forms on a battery anode from electrolyte decomposition, aiming for stable, lithium-metal cells.
Solid electrolyte reactor for CO2 electrolysis
A solid electrolyte reactor for CO2 electrolysis is an electrochemical cell that uses a solid electrolyte to produce pure, concentrated chemicals like formic acid directly from CO2.
Solid Gold (TV series)
Solid Gold was an American syndicated music countdown TV series (1980-1988), created by Al Masini, hosted by Dionne Warwick, Marilyn McCoo, and others, famous for the Solid Gold Dancers and lip-synched Top 10 performances.
Solid hydrogen
Solid hydrogen is the solid phase of molecular hydrogen, a quantum crystal first made in 1899, whose many high-pressure phases may end in metallic hydrogen.
Solid lipid nanoparticles
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are submicron colloidal carriers of 50–1000 nm made of lipids solid at room and body temperature, developed in the early 1990s to carry and release drugs.
Solid molecular rotors in porous frameworks
Solid molecular rotors in porous frameworks are rotating molecular components, typically organic linkers, embedded in crystalline porous solids such as metal–organic frameworks, combining structural order with molecular mobility.
Solid nitrogen
Solid nitrogen, also called nitrogen ice, is frozen molecular nitrogen that forms below 63 K at atmospheric pressure and is the dominant surface ice of Pluto and Triton.
Solid oxide electrolysis cell
A solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is an electrochemical device that splits steam, and optionally carbon dioxide, into hydrogen at high temperature, reaching efficiencies up to 84%.
Solid oxide fuel cell
A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical device that converts fuels like hydrogen or natural gas directly into electricity using a hot ceramic electrolyte.
Solid particle thermal storage
Solid particle thermal storage heats sand-like ceramic or silica particles above 1000 °C and holds them until the heat drives a power cycle or supplies industrial heat.
Solid partition
A solid partition is a three-dimensional array of non-negative integers that never increases along any coordinate direction, visualized as unit cubes stacked in a corner of a room; counting them is unsolved.
Solid phase crystallization
Solid phase crystallization (SPC) is a simple, low-cost thin-fabrication method that anneals amorphous semiconductor films into polycrystalline silicon for thin-film transistors, though furnace processing takes hours.
Solid polymer electrolyte battery
A solid polymer electrolyte battery is a rechargeable battery in which a solid polymer-salt complex, typically PEO with a lithium salt, replaces the liquid electrolyte as ion conductor and separator.
Solid Power
Solid Power Inc. is a Colorado-based battery developer, founded in 2011 as a University of Colorado Boulder spinout, that makes sulfide-based all-solid-state cells and electrolytes for electric vehicles.
Solid Snake
Solid Snake is the fictional stealth soldier protagonist of Hideo Kojima's Metal Gear series, debuting in Metal Gear (1987), starring in Metal Gear Solid (1998), voiced by David Hayter, and concluding his saga in Metal Gear Solid 4 (2008).
Solid solution
A solid solution is a single solid phase containing more than one chemical species in one crystal structure, such as brass, steel, and plagioclase feldspar.
Solid solution strengthening
Solid solution strengthening, also called solid solution hardening, is a metallurgical method that strengthens metals when dissolved solute atoms impede dislocation glide in the crystal lattice.
Solid South
The Solid South: near-total Democratic Party domination of the eleven former Confederate states from Reconstruction's end in 1877 through the mid-20th century, built on disfranchisement and one-party rule, ended by civil rights-era realignment toward the Republicans.
Solid State Logic
Solid State Logic (SSL) is a British audio mixing console manufacturer founded in 1969, based in Begbroke, Oxfordshire, best known for the SL 4000 series.
Solid State Phased Array Radar System
A solid state phased array radar system (SSPARS) is a radar with a fixed antenna whose beam is steered electronically by solid state transmit/receive modules.
Solid State Records
Solid State Records is an American record label in Seattle specializing in Christian metal, metalcore, and hardcore, founded by Brandon Ebel as a Tooth & Nail imprint.
Solid torus
A solid torus is the three-dimensional shape of a doughnut, the product of a circle with a disk, and a basic building block of three-manifold topology.
Solid-electrolyte CO2 electrolysis
Solid-electrolyte CO2 electrolysis covers two approaches using a solid ion conductor: high-temperature solid oxide cells making CO or syngas, and low-temperature reactors making pure formic acid.
Solid-phase epitaxy
Solid-phase epitaxy (SPE) is a low-thermal-budget thin-film growth method in which an amorphous layer on a crystalline substrate regrows as a single crystal during annealing.
Solid-phase extraction
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is a sample preparation technique that selectively adsorbs an analyte onto a solid adsorbent, washes away interferences, and elutes it for analysis.
Solid-phase microextraction
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a solvent-free sample preparation technique that extracts and concentrates volatile and semivolatile analytes onto a short coated fiber for direct analysis by gas or liquid chromatography.
Solid-phase peptide synthesis
Solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) assembles peptide chains on an insoluble resin bead, invented by R. B. Merrifield in 1963 and honored with the 1984 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.