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Specific identification
Specific identification is an inventory and cost-basis method matching each unit sold to its actual purchase cost, used for distinguishable items like vehicles, jewelry, and artwork.
Specific impulse
Specific impulse, commonly written Isp, measures rocket engine efficiency as thrust per unit rate of propellant consumption, expressed in seconds like miles per gallon for cars.
Specific phobia
Specific phobia, formerly simple phobia, is an anxiety disorder of marked, disproportionate fear of objects or situations (animals, heights, blood, flying). Lifetime prevalence about 7.4%, onset typically childhood, treated mainly with exposure therapy.
Specific range
Specific range is a measure of aircraft cruise efficiency, the distance flown per unit of fuel consumed, and the aviation counterpart of an automobile's miles per gallon.
Specific rotation
Specific rotation (symbol [α]) is the rotation of plane-polarized light by a chiral substance, divided by path length and concentration, typically at the sodium D line.
Specific speed
Specific speed is a characteristic index number for rotodynamic pumps that condenses best-efficiency speed, flow, and head into one value for comparing and classifying impellers.
Specific storage
Specific storage measures the volume of water a unit volume of confined aquifer releases per unit decline in hydraulic head, expressed in units of inverse length.
Specific strength
Specific strength, or strength-to-weight ratio, is a material's strength divided by its density; carbon fiber outranks steel by roughly twelve times, making it vital in aerospace.
Specific thrust
Specific thrust is the thrust produced by a jet engine divided by the mass flow rate of air through it, letting engines of different sizes be compared directly.
Specific volume
Specific volume is an intensive thermodynamic property defined as the volume of a system divided by its mass, the reciprocal of mass density, and is tabulated in steam and refrigerant tables in m³/kg.
Specific yield
Specific yield is the ratio of water a saturated rock or soil releases by gravity drainage to its total volume, fundamental for modeling unconfined aquifers.
Specifically androgen-regulated gene protein
SARG (C1orf116), specifically androgen-regulated gene protein, is a 601-aa human cytoplasmic protein, putative androgen-specific receptor, upregulated by androgens not glucocorticoids via an intron-1 sARE, highly expressed in prostate, function unknown.
Specification (technical standard)
A specification, also called a technical specification, is a document prescribing requirements a product, process, or service must fulfill; it may be a standard, part of one, or standalone.
Specification test (econometrics)
A specification test is a statistical hypothesis test checking whether an econometric model's functional form, moment conditions, and distributional assumptions are consistent with the observed data.
Specim IQ
Specim IQ is a handheld hyperspectral camera made by Specim of Oulu, Finland, introduced in 2017 and covering 400–1000 nm, used in plant phenotyping, disease detection, and cultural heritage imaging.
Specimen Handling
Specimen handling covers collecting, preserving, transporting, and storing clinical specimens so they stay stable for accurate lab results; also called specimen collection, it spans the preanalytical phase where 60-70% of laboratory errors occur, governed by CLSI, ISO 15189, and CLIA rules.
Specimens of Bushman Folklore
Specimens of Bushman Folklore is a 1911 anthology of |xam and !kun oral literature recorded in the nineteenth century by Wilhelm Bleek and Lucy Lloyd, published in London.
SPECint
SPECint is the integer-performance metric of the SPEC CPU benchmark suites from the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation, summarizing how fast a computer completes compute-intensive integer tasks.
Specker sequence
A Specker sequence is a computable, monotonically increasing, bounded sequence of rational numbers whose limit is an uncomputable real, first given by Ernst Specker in 1949.
Speckle contrast imaging
Speckle contrast imaging, also known as LASCA or LSCI, is a label-free optical technique mapping blood flow in tissue from laser speckle blurring, first published in 1981.
Speckle contrast optical spectroscopy
Speckle contrast optical spectroscopy (SCOS) is a non-invasive diffuse optical technique that measures microvascular blood flow in deep tissue, combining deep-tissue sensitivity with inexpensive camera detectors, first reported in 2014.
Speckle filtering
Speckle filtering is an image processing step that reduces the granular, multiplicative noise in synthetic aperture radar imagery while preserving edges, point targets, and texture.
Speckle imaging
Speckle imaging is a family of optical techniques that recover useful information, such as diffraction-limited astronomical images and tissue blood flow, from a random laser speckle pattern.
Speckle interferometry
Speckle interferometry is an astronomical technique introduced by Antoine Labeyrie in 1970 that recovers diffraction-limited resolution from ground-based telescopes by analyzing thousands of very short exposures, and is widely used to measure binary stars.
Speckle pattern
A speckle pattern is a granular pattern of randomly bright light grains formed when coherent light scatters from a rough surface or through a scattering medium.
Speckle tracking echocardiography
Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE, 2D/3D strain imaging) tracks myocardial speckles on gray-scale ultrasound to measure strain; GLS is more sensitive and reproducible than ejection fraction, standardized by the EACVI/ASE task force.
Speckled wood (butterfly)
Speckled wood (Pararge aegeria), a brown Nymphalidae butterfly of European dappled woodland, wingspan 4.6–5.6 cm, honeydew-feeding, territorial males, Least Concern, expanding northward since the 1920s.
Specsavers
Specsavers is a Guernsey-headquartered optical retail and hearing care group founded by Doug and Mary Perkins in 1984, with more than 2,500 stores in 11 countries.
SPECT-PROTMA trial
SPECT-PROTMA (NCT05010733) is a single-center pilot randomized trial at Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, comparing periprosthetic bone metabolism and alignment of Exeter V40 versus Müller straight stem cemented hip prostheses with 99mTc-MDP SPECT-CT at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months in 16 patients.
SPECT/CT
SPECT/CT is a hybrid nuclear medicine imaging method combining SPECT functional radiotracer images with CT anatomical images for localization and attenuation correction, first commercialized in 1999.