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Stapedectomy
Stapedectomy is an operation for otosclerosis in which the stapes is removed and replaced with a prosthesis bridging the incus to the inner ear, restoring sound transmission.
Stapedotomy
Stapedotomy is a microsurgical ear procedure that treats hearing loss from otosclerosis by inserting a piston prosthesis through a small opening in the fixed stapes footplate.
Stapelia
Stapelia (carrion flowers) is a genus of about 30 southern African stem succulents in Apocynaceae, with foetid, nectarless, fly-pollinated flowers from 1 cm to 40 cm across.
Stapes
Stapes: smallest bone of the human body, the third middle-ear ossicle, footplate seated in the oval window; discovered by Ingrassia in 1546 and central to otosclerosis surgery.
Stapes Mobilization
Stapes mobilization is an operation to free the fixed stapes bone of the middle ear, relieving conductive hearing loss from otosclerosis while leaving the stapes in place.
Staphylinidae
Staphylinidae, rove beetles, largest family in Coleoptera and Metazoa with 66,464 described predatory species; short elytra, flexible abdomen, chemical defense glands, fossil record over 200 million years.
Staphylococcal complement inhibitor SCIN
Staphylococcal complement inhibitor (SCIN, SCIN-A) is a 9.8-kDa secreted Staphylococcus aureus protein that binds and stabilizes C3 convertases C4b2a and C3bBb in an inactive state, blocking C3b deposition, opsonophagocytosis, and all three complement pathways in a human-specific manner.
Staphylococcal infection
Staphylococcal infection, mainly Staphylococcus aureus (staph, MRSA/MSSA), disease from skin sores to bacteremia and sepsis; ~30% carriage, biofilm device infections, vancomycin for resistant strains.
Staphylococcal necrotizing pneumonia
Staphylococcal necrotizing pneumonia (SNP): rare, often fatal lung infection from PVL-producing Staphylococcus aureus, typically after influenza, causing hemorrhagic pneumonia, leukopenia, hemoptysis, ARDS, and about 75% mortality.
Staphylococcal nuclease (SNase-like), OB-fold
Staphylococcal nuclease (SNase-like), OB-fold (InterPro IPR016071): a five-stranded beta-barrel protein domain defined by Murzin in 1993, prototyped by the Ca2+-dependent nuclease of Staphylococcus aureus and found across all three kingdoms of life.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS, Ritter's disease) is a blistering skin disorder caused by Staphylococcus aureus exfoliative toxins targeting desmoglein-1, mainly affecting children under 5, with low pediatric but about 60% adult mortality.
Staphylococcal scarlet fever
Staphylococcal scarlet fever, a rare S. aureus toxin-mediated illness mimicking streptococcal scarlet fever: flexural scarlatiniform rash, large-flap desquamation, no strawberry tongue or petechiae, mainly children.
Staphylococcus
Staphylococcus: genus of Gram-positive, cluster-forming cocci named by Ogston (1880) for grape-like appearance; includes S. aureus and coagulase-negative species, major causes of skin, device, and hospital infections and MRSA.
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus (staph), a Gram-positive commensal carried by about 30% of people, causes skin infections, sepsis, pneumonia, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis; resistant strains include MRSA, VISA, and VRSA.
Staphylococcus capitis
Staphylococcus capitis, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus and skin commensal first described in 1975, causes neonatal late-onset sepsis in NICUs; its multidrug-resistant NRCS-A clone, first reported in France in 2012, has spread worldwide.
Staphylococcus carnosus
Staphylococcus carnosus, a non-pathogenic coagulase-negative staphylococcus, has been a sausage fermentation starter culture since the 1950s and is now a GRAS cloning and surface display platform.
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus epidermidis, a coagulase-negative Gram-positive skin commensal, is the leading cause of implant-associated infections; its biofilms (PIA, icaADBC) resist antibiotics, and it is a reservoir of resistance genes for S. aureus.
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus) is a coagulase-negative, Gram-positive skin commensal and major nosocomial pathogen, distinguished by methicillin/multidrug resistance, biofilm formation on devices, and its role as a reservoir of resistance genes.
Staphylococcus hominis
Staphylococcus hominis, a coagulase-negative human skin staphylococcus (Kloos and Schleifer 1975) with two subspecies, hominis and novobiosepticus; the latter is novobiocin-resistant, multidrug-resistant, and a cause of neonatal sepsis.
Staphylococcus intermedius
Staphylococcus intermedius (Hájek 1976) is a coagulase-positive, gram-positive animal bacterium; type strain NCTC 11048. Member of the SIG with S. pseudintermedius and S. delphini; true S. intermedius is pigeon-associated.
Staphylococcus lugdunensis
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus described by Freney et al. in 1988, a perineal skin commensal that causes S. aureus-like abscesses and destructive endocarditis, is often misidentified via clumping factor, and usually remains antibiotic-susceptible.
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Staphylococcus saprophyticus, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus named by Fairbrother in 1940, is the second most common cause of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in young women after E. coli, peaking in late summer, with foodborne and endogenous reservoirs and nitrofurantoin as first-line therapy.
Staphyloma
Staphyloma: a circumscribed outpouching of the thin cornea or sclera lined by uveal tissue. Posterior staphyloma is a hallmark of pathologic myopia, classified by Curtin into ten types, with no medical treatment.
Staphyloxanthin
Staphyloxanthin (STX) is the golden-yellow C30 carotenoid antioxidant pigment of Staphylococcus aureus, made by the crtOPQMN operon enzymes CrtM, CrtN, CrtP, CrtQ, and CrtO, and a target of antivirulence inhibitors such as naftifine and clemizole.
Staple food
A staple food, or dietary staple, is a food eaten regularly in quantities that make it the dominant part of a population's diet, such as rice, wheat, maize, or potatoes.
Stapled hemorrhoidopexy
Stapled hemorrhoidopexy, also known as the procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH), is a surgical procedure that repositions prolapsing internal hemorrhoids with a circular stapler, causing less pain but more recurrence than excisional hemorrhoidectomy.
Stapler
A stapler is a mechanical device that drives a metal staple through paper and bends its legs to hold sheets together; the office stapler emerged from US patents in the 1860s and 1870s.
Staples Inc.
Staples Inc., also known as Staples Incorporated, is an American office-supply superstore chain founded in 1986, now a B2B company owned by Sycamore Partners since 2017.
Stapleton International Airport
Stapleton International Airport, also called Stapleton Airport, served Denver, Colorado as its main airport from 1929 until it closed in 1995, replaced by Denver International Airport.
Stapokibart
Stapokibart (Kangyueda, 康悦达; CM310) is a humanized IgG4 anti-IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody by KeyMed Biosciences, first approved in China in 2024 for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, later CRSwNP and seasonal allergic rhinitis.