All articles A–Z
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Directorate of Civil Resistance
The Directorate of Civil Resistance (Kierownictwo Walki Cywilnej, KWC) was the Polish Underground State body coordinating civilian resistance against the German occupier from 1940 to 1943.
Directorate of Jiaozi Notes
The Directorate of Jiaozi Notes (交子务) was the Song dynasty government office at Yizhou, modern Chengdu, established in 1023 to issue the jiaozi, the world's first government paper currency.
Directorate of Operations (CIA)
Directorate of Operations (DO), formerly National Clandestine Service and Deputy Directorate of Plans, is CIA's HUMINT collection, covert action, and counterintelligence arm, renamed by Schlesinger in 1973 and again in 2005 and 2015.
Directorate of Ukraine
The Directorate of Ukraine (Директорія УНР) was the supreme governing body of the restored Ukrainian People's Republic, created in November 1918 to overthrow Hetman Skoropadsky.
Directorate-General for Competition
The Directorate-General for Competition (DG COMP) is the European Commission department that enforces EU antitrust rules, merger control, State aid control, and the Digital Markets Act.
Directorate-General for External Security
Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE, Direction générale de la Sécurité extérieure), France's foreign intelligence service created 2 April 1982 from the SDECE; collects intelligence worldwide, led by Nicolas Lerner since January 2024, distinct from the domestic DGSI.
Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
DG MARE, the European Commission department for maritime affairs and fisheries, runs the common fisheries policy, the European Ocean Pact, TACs and quotas, and IUU fishing controls; led by Commissioner Costas Kadis and Director-General Charlina Vitcheva in Brussels.
Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil
The Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil (DRE) was a Cuban student insurrectional organization founded in 1955 at the University of Havana, best known for its 1957 assault on the Presidential Palace.
Directors and officers liability insurance
Directors and officers liability insurance, known as D&O insurance, is insurance a company buys to protect its directors and officers from personal liability for management decisions.
Directors Guild of America
Directors Guild of America (DGA), formerly Screen Directors Guild: US labor guild founded 1936, 19,500+ members, bargaining agent for directors, ADs, and UPMs under the 2023–2026 Basic Agreement with the AMPTP.
Directory (computing)
A directory, also called a folder, is a file system container holding named references to files and other directories, organized as a hierarchy called a directory tree.
Directory for Indians
The Diretório dos Índios, issued in 1757 by governor Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, placed indigenous villages in colonial Brazil under lay directors instead of missionaries.
Directory of Open Access Journals
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ): online index of peer-reviewed open access journals, launched 2003 at Lund University; now 23,385 journals, CC0 metadata, run by the Danish DOAJ Foundation.
Directory-based coherence
Directory-based coherence is a cache coherence scheme for shared-memory multiprocessors in which a directory tracks which caches hold each memory block, letting writes go only to those caches instead of being broadcast, as in snooping systems.
DirecTV
DirecTV is an American direct-broadcast satellite and streaming television service launched in 1994, once the country's top pay-TV distributor and now wholly owned by TPG.
DirectX
DirectX, also known as Microsoft DirectX, is a collection of Microsoft APIs for audio and video hardware, first released in 1995 and best known for its Direct3D graphics APIs.
DirectX Raytracing
DirectX Raytracing (DXR) is a Microsoft ray tracing API introduced as a feature of DirectX 12, announced in 2018 and shipped with the Windows 10 October 2018 Update.
Direktionsbezirk Dresden
Direktionsbezirk Dresden: Saxon administrative district (2008–2012), successor of the Regierungsbezirk Dresden, comprising Dresden and the counties Bautzen, Görlitz, Meißen, and Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge; dissolved 2 March 2012.
Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat
Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat, or Ditjen Hubdat, is Indonesia's Directorate General of Land Transportation, the Ministry of Transportation unit that formulates and executes national land transport policy.
Diretas Já
Diretas Já, Portuguese for "Direct Elections Now," was a Brazilian civic movement of 1983 and 1984 demanding direct presidential elections and helping end the military regime.
Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII
Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII (ダージ オブ ケルベロス) is Square Enix's 2006 PlayStation 2 third-person shooter sequel to Final Fantasy VII, starring Vincent Valentine against Deepground; mediocre reviews, mobile Lost Episode spin-off.
Dirgham
Dirgham (ضرغام) was a Fatimid amir and vizier of Egypt from 1163 to 1164, titled al-Malik al-Mansur, killed by Shirkuh's soldiers when Nur al-Din's army restored Shawar.
Dirham (درهم)
The dirham (درهم) is a silver coin and weight of the Islamic world from the 7th century, now the currency of the UAE and Morocco.
Dirhodium carbene C–H insertion
Dirhodium carbene C–H insertion is a C–H functionalization reaction in which a carbene generated from a diazo compound and bound to a dirhodium catalyst inserts into a C–H bond.
Dirhodium-catalyzed enantioselective C–H amination
A reaction in which a chiral dirhodium(II) catalyst converts an organic molecule's carbon–hydrogen bond into a carbon–nitrogen bond, creating a stereocenter with preference for one enantiomer.
Dirichlet algebra
A Dirichlet algebra is a uniform algebra of continuous functions on a compact space whose real parts are dense in all real continuous functions, defined by Gleason in 1958.
Dirichlet boundary condition
The Dirichlet boundary condition, also known as the first-type or fixed boundary condition, requires a partial differential equation's solution to equal given values on the domain's boundary.
Dirichlet character
A Dirichlet character modulo q is a completely multiplicative, periodic function vanishing on integers not coprime to q, central to Dirichlet's 1837 theorem on primes in arithmetic progressions.
Dirichlet conditions
The Dirichlet conditions are sufficient conditions on a periodic function, including absolute integrability over one period, guaranteeing pointwise convergence of its Fourier series, first proved by Dirichlet in 1829.
Dirichlet convolution
Dirichlet convolution is a binary operation on arithmetic functions, combining two functions by summing f(d)g(n/d) over divisor pairs of n, named after the German mathematician Dirichlet.