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Electrical ballast
An electrical ballast, also called a lamp ballast, is a device that starts gas-discharge lamps and limits their current, ranging from simple magnetic coils to electronic circuits.
Electrical breakdown
Electrical breakdown, also called dielectric breakdown, is the abrupt loss of insulating behavior when the applied electric field exceeds a critical value and a conducting path forms.
Electrical cable
An electrical cable, also called insulated cable, is an assembly of insulated conductors that carries electric power or signals, from power lines to coaxial types.
Electrical capacitance tomography
Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT), also called capacitance tomography, is a non-invasive imaging method that reconstructs permittivity inside pipes and vessels from capacitance measurements between external electrodes, used to monitor multiphase flows and fluidized beds.
Electrical cardiometry
Electrical cardiometry (EC) is a noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring method that estimates stroke volume and cardiac output continuously from changes in thoracic electrical impedance during the cardiac cycle.
Electrical cardioversion
Electrical cardioversion is a medical procedure delivering an electric shock synchronized to the heartbeat to restore normal rhythm in arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation, differing from defibrillation.
Electrical conductivity measurement
Electrical conductivity measurement is an experimental characterization method that determines how well a material conducts electric current, serving semiconductor wafer, battery, thin-film, and water-purity applications.
Electrical conductivity meter
An electrical conductivity meter, also called an EC meter, is an instrument that measures the conductivity of a liquid, reporting it in siemens per centimeter.
Electrical conductor
An electrical conductor, or conductor of electricity, is a material with mobile charged particles, such as a metal's free electrons, that lets charge flow under an applied voltage.
Electrical conduit
Electrical conduit, also called cable duct, is a raceway of tubing, fittings, and boxes that encloses and protects electrical wiring along a run, unlike open cable tray.
Electrical connector
An electrical connector, also called a wire connector, joins electrical circuits with a reliable yet separable connection, letting cables or circuit boards attach without soldering.
Electrical discharge machining
Electrical discharge machining (EDM), also called spark machining or spark erosion, is a machining process that removes conductive material, regardless of hardness, by controlled sparks in a dielectric fluid.
Electrical energy
Electrical energy is the energy associated with electric charges and their electric fields, delivered as work when charges move through a potential difference, and measured in joules.
Electrical engineering
Electrical engineering is a professional engineering discipline covering the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism, spanning subfields from power and telecommunications to computer engineering and robotics.
Electrical Equipment and Supplies
Electrical Equipment and Supplies (MeSH D055615, tree E07.305) is a National Library of Medicine subject heading for apparatus and instruments that generate or operate with electricity and their components, introduced in 2009, used to index biomedical literature on powered medical and electronic equipment.
Electrical equipment in hazardous areas
Electrical equipment in hazardous areas, or HAZLOC, is equipment designed and certified so it cannot ignite explosive atmospheres, which are classified into zones by likelihood.
Electrical grid
An electrical grid, also called an electricity grid or power grid, is the network of power plants, transmission lines, transformers, and distribution lines that carries electricity to consumers.
Electrical impedance
Electrical impedance is the opposition a circuit presents to alternating current, combining resistance and reactance into one complex quantity, symbol Z, in ohms, generalizing DC resistance.
Electrical impedance tomography
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive, radiation-free imaging method that reconstructs the body's internal electrical conductivity from electrodes on the skin, giving real-time images of regional lung ventilation at the bedside.
Electrical injury
Electrical injury, also called electric shock injury or electrocution, is tissue damage from current passing through the body, mainly thermal; severity depends on voltage, AC or DC type, pathway, duration, and skin resistance, with burns, arrhythmias, and rhabdomyolysis.
Electrical load
An electrical load, also called an external load, is any circuit component that consumes electrical power, converting it into light, heat, or motion; appliances and motors are common examples.
Electrical mobility
Electrical mobility, also called carrier mobility, is a measure of how readily electrons or holes move through a material under an applied electric field, in cm²/(V·s).
Electrical muscle stimulation
Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS, NMES): applying electric currents via electrodes to contract skeletal muscles for rehabilitation, muscle re-education, and atrophy prevention; conventional 20–40 Hz stimulation recruits motor units nonphysiologically, causing fatigue; FDA-regulated devices.
Electrical network
An electrical network, also called an electric circuit, is a system of elements and nodes in which every element terminal connects to a node, analyzed through Kirchhoff's rules.
Electrical polarity
Electrical polarity is the designation of the two terminals or poles of an electrical source or device as positive and negative, and their relationship in a circuit.
Electrical reactance
Electrical reactance, denoted X, is the opposition a capacitor or inductor presents to alternating current, measured in ohms; unlike resistance, it stores energy rather than dissipating it and depends on frequency.
Electrical resistance and conductance
Electrical resistance is a circuit element's opposition to electric current, R = V/I, measured in ohms; conductance, its reciprocal, measures how easily current flows, in siemens.
Electrical resistivity and conductivity
Electrical resistivity, or specific electrical resistance, is an intrinsic material property measuring how strongly it opposes electric current, measured in ohm-meters; conductivity, its reciprocal, measures how well the material conducts.
Electrical resistivity imaging
Electrical resistivity imaging, also called electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), is a geophysical method that maps subsurface resistivity by injecting current and measuring voltage, used to find groundwater, contaminants, and geology.
Electrical resistivity method
The electrical resistivity method is a geophysical surveying technique, originating in the 1910s, that injects current into the ground to map groundwater, salinity, fractures, and contaminants.