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English conquest of Jamaica (1655)
The English conquest of Jamaica was the 1655 seizure of Spain's colony of Jamaica by an expedition sent by Oliver Cromwell as part of his Western Design.
English contract law
English contract law governs contracts in England and Wales through offer, acceptance, consideration, and intention to create legal relations; case-law driven, shaped by assumpsit, Pothier, no general good-faith duty, and the Consumer Rights Act 2015.
English Council of State
English Council of State, the Commonwealth executive body of 1649–1660 replacing the abolished King and Privy Council: 41 members under the Rump, John Bradshaw first President, annual elections, then the Protector's privy council of 21, abolished at the 1660 Restoration.
English country house
An English country house, often called a stately home, is a large house or mansion in the English countryside serving as the center of a landed estate.
English cricket team in India in 2020–21
England cricket team's 2020–21 tour of India (England in India 2020-21): all-formats biosecure tour; India won Tests 3–1, T20Is 3–2, ODIs 2–1; Root's 218 in Chennai, Ashwin 32 wickets, two-day Ahmedabad Test.
English cricket team in South Africa in 2026–27
England men's cricket tour of South Africa 2026-27: three Tests (Johannesburg, Centurion, Cape Town) and three ODIs (Paarl, Bloemfontein), 17 December 2026 to 15 January 2027; planned T20 series scrapped over SA20 clash.
English cuisine
English cuisine: cooking traditions of England, known for fish and chips, Sunday roast, full English breakfast, and chicken tikka masala; shaped by Norman, empire, and immigrant influences, with a Victorian-era decline and modern revival.
English defamation law
English defamation law: the tort protecting reputation in England and Wales under the Defamation Act 2013, covering serious harm, truth, honest opinion, public interest defences, libel tourism, costs, and comparisons with Scots and US law.
English Defence League
The English Defence League (EDL) was a far-right, anti-Islam protest movement founded in Luton, England in 2009 and led by Tommy Robinson (Stephen Yaxley-Lennon) until his 2013 resignation.
English Democrats
The English Democrats are a minor English nationalist party founded around 2002-2003 by solicitor Robin Tilbrook, campaigning for an independent England with its own parliament, points-based immigration, and an end to mass immigration; it polled 64,826 votes (0.2%) in 2010 and briefly held the Doncaster mayoralty in 2009.
English Devolution and Community Empowerment Act 2026
English Devolution and Community Empowerment Act 2026 (2026 c. 23), UK Act receiving Royal Assent 29 April 2026, creates strategic authorities, Community Right to Buy, gambling impact assessments, and bans upwards-only rent review clauses.
English Dissenters
English Dissenters were Protestants who refused to conform to the Church of England, including Presbyterians, Congregationalists, Baptists, Quakers, and Unitarians, defined by the 1662 Act of Uniformity ejections and the 1689 Toleration Act.
English draughts
English draughts, called checkers in the US, is the 8×8, 12-men-per-side draughts variant with compulsory forward-only captures, single-square kings, and huffing; distinct from 10×10 international draughts.
English Education Act 1835
English Education Act 1835, also called Bentinck's Resolution of 7 March 1835 and based on Macaulay's Minute of 2 February 1835, directed British Indian education funds to English instruction alone, ending the Orientalist–Anglicist dispute.
English Electric Canberra
The English Electric Canberra was a British twin-jet light bomber, the first jet-powered bomber in Royal Air Force service, with its maiden flight in 1949.
English Electric Lightning
The English Electric Lightning was a British single-seat, twin-engined fighter interceptor, the Royal Air Force's first supersonic fighter, designed against Soviet bombers and serving from 1960 to 1988.
English embroidery
English embroidery: England's needlework tradition, from medieval opus anglicanum silk-and-gold church vestments and the Bayeux Tapestry to Tudor-Stuart raised work, samplers, and Jacobean crewelwork.
English Folk Dance and Song Society
The English Folk Dance and Song Society is a London charity, founded in 1932, that preserves and promotes English folk music, song, and dance from Cecil Sharp House.
English folklore
English folklore is the traditional tales, beliefs, customs, and songs of England, passed on orally in variants. The term was coined by William Thoms in 1846; it spans fairy lore, legends like Robin Hood, ballads, and customs.
English football clubs in international competitions
English football clubs in international competitions: English clubs in UEFA's Champions League, Europa League, and Conference League. Six clubs have won the European Cup/Champions League, England's 15 titles rank second to Spain's 20, and English clubs filled all three European finals in 2025/26.
English Football League
The English Football League (EFL), formerly the Football League, organizes the Championship, League One, and League Two, the three professional divisions below the Premier League.
English football league system
English football league system (football pyramid): hierarchical leagues from the Premier League and EFL's 92 professional clubs down through the National League and county leagues, linked by promotion and relegation, now overseen by the Independent Football Regulator.
English football on television
English football on television encompasses live matches, highlights, and related coverage of England's professional and other football competitions. Broadcasting has become a major source of revenue, with separately negotiated rights for competitions.
English Gardner
English Gardner, born in 1992 in Philadelphia, is an American sprinter who won Olympic gold in the 4 × 100 m relay at Rio 2016 and silver at Tokyo 2021.
English Geetagalu
English Geetagalu (ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಗೀತಗಳು, "English Songs") is a 1921 Kannada collection of translated English poems by B.M. Srikantaiah, regarded as the founding work of modern Kannada lyric poetry.
English Gothic
English Gothic is the Gothic architecture of England, developed from French ideas from about 1150 into a distinct style divided into Early English, Decorated, and Perpendicular periods.
English grammar
English grammar: the structural rules of English (syntax and morphology) and the tradition of grammar writing; first modern-English grammar in the 16th century, three historical stages, prescriptive versus descriptive approaches, no official language academy.
English Harbour Naval Cemetery (Antigua)
The English Harbour Naval Cemetery in Antigua holds Royal Navy hospital and beach burials from about 1763 to 1834, mostly sailors killed by tropical disease.
English Heritage
English Heritage (English Heritage Trust) is the charity, charity no. 1140351, caring for the National Heritage Collection of over 400 state-owned sites including Stonehenge and Dover Castle under licence from Historic England since the 1 April 2015 split.
English honorifics
English honorifics (courtesy titles): Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms., Mx., Dr., Professor, Sir, Madam. Optional pre-name respect markers; English lacks grammatical honorifics after thou/you merger; Ms. standardized in the 1970s, Mx. added to OED 2015.