All articles A–Z
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American Bobtail
American Bobtail: a medium-to-large North American cat breed with a natural 1-4 inch bobtail from a dominant mutation. Developed from feral bobtailed cats in the late 1960s; TICA-recognized 1989, CFA championship 2006; affectionate, dog-like temperament.
American Book Awards
The American Book Awards are annual literary awards presented by the Before Columbus Foundation since 1980, honoring outstanding American literature with no entry fee, categories, or ranked winners.
American Born Chinese (TV series)
American Born Chinese is a Disney+ series (May 24, 2023, eight episodes) created by Kelvin Yu from Gene Luen Yang's 2006 graphic novel, starring Ben Wang, Michelle Yeoh, and Ke Huy Quan, blending a Chinese American teen's coming of age with Journey to the West mythology.
American Boy
American Boy (2008) by British singer Estelle featuring Kanye West, second single from Shine, produced by will.i.am; UK number one for four weeks, US Hot 100 number nine, 2009 Grammy winner for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration.
American Boychoir School
American Boychoir School, also Columbus Boychoir School, was a non-sectarian residential boys' choir school founded in Columbus, Ohio, in 1937, based in Princeton, New Jersey, from 1950, and closed by bankruptcy in August 2017.
American Bridge Company
American Bridge Company is an American construction contractor specializing in complex steel structures, formed by J. P. Morgan in 1900 and known for bridges like the Verrazzano-Narrows.
American broadcasters
American broadcasters are the presenters, announcers, hosts, and on-air journalists of United States radio and television, a profession shaped by radio in the 1920s and television's arrival in 1948.
American Broadcasting Company
American Broadcasting Company (ABC), Disney-owned US broadcast network formed 1943 from FCC-ordered sale of NBC's Blue Network to Edward Noble ($8M); TV network launched 1948; merged with United Paramount Theatres 1953; acquired by Disney 1995 for $19 billion.
American Broadcasting Cos., Inc. v. Aereo, Inc.
Supreme Court case (573 U.S. 431, 2014) holding that Aereo's dime-sized antenna and cloud DVR streaming service publicly performed broadcasters' copyrighted works under the Copyright Act's Transmit Clause, reversing the Second Circuit.
American Bulldog
The American Bulldog, also known as the Old Southern White Bulldog, is a large athletic working breed descended from English Bulldogs, long used in the South to catch hogs and guard farms.
American bullfrog
American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus, formerly Rana catesbeiana, Aquarana catesbeiana), the largest U.S. frog, native to eastern North America and a top-100 invasive species with 6.0 billion US$ in documented global costs.
American Bully
American Bully: modern US companion dog breed developed in the 1990s from American Pit Bull Terrier and American Staffordshire Terrier lines; ABKC-recognized 2004, UKC 2013; Pocket, Standard/Classic, and XL sizes; XL Bully banned in England and Wales since 2023.
American Bureau of Shipping
The American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) is an American classification society, founded in 1862, that sets technical standards and verifies the design, construction, and survey of ships and offshore structures.
American burlesque
American burlesque, also known as burlesque theatre, is a variety theater form that began as musical parody, popularized by Lydia Thompson's 1868 tour, and evolved into bawdy striptease comedy.
American Campaign Medal
American Campaign Medal: United States World War II decoration established by Executive Order 9265 (November 6, 1942), amended by EO 9706, for American Theater service from December 7, 1941 to March 2, 1946; bronze medal with cruiser and B-24 obverse, Weinman eagle reverse, service stars for campaigns including Antisubmarine.
American Cancer Society
The American Cancer Society (ACS) is an American nonprofit founded in 1913 that funds cancer research and supports patients through advocacy, a 24/7 helpline, and lodging programs.
American Capital Equity
American Capital Equity was a Bethesda, Maryland private equity fund business of American Capital, Ltd., best known for its $1.1 billion fund closed in 2014.
American Capital Strategies
American Capital Strategies, later American Capital, was a Bethesda, Maryland private equity firm founded by Malon Wilkus in 1986 and sold to Ares Capital in 2017.
American Center for Mobility
The American Center for Mobility (ACM) is a nonprofit proving ground at the Willow Run site in Ypsilanti Township, Michigan, where companies test automated and connected vehicles.
American Centrifuge Plant
The American Centrifuge Plant is a uranium enrichment facility in Piketon, Ohio, licensed to Centrus Energy and now the nation's demonstration site for high-assay low-enriched uranium production.
American Century
American Century: term from Henry R. Luce's 17 February 1941 Life editorial urging US global leadership; also shorthand for US dominance after World War II, its durability debated.
American Century Investments
American Century Investments is a privately controlled asset management firm in Kansas City, Missouri, founded by James E. Stowers Jr. in 1958 as Twentieth Century Mutual Funds.
American cheese
American cheese is a pasteurized process cheese blending cheddar or colby with emulsifying salts such as sodium citrate, invented in Switzerland in 1911 and commercialized by J. L. Kraft in 1916; known for smooth melting, wrapped slices, and high sodium.
American Chemical Society Publications
ACS Publications is the publishing division of the American Chemical Society, a nonprofit publisher of 90+ peer-reviewed chemistry journals and eBooks including JACS (since 1879), Chemical Reviews, and open access titles like ACS Central Science, serving researchers at over 6,000 institutions worldwide.
American Chemistry Council
The American Chemistry Council (ACC) is the US chemical industry's trade association, representing more than 190 member companies; founded in 1872, it took its current name in 2000.
American chestnut
American chestnut (Castanea dentata), eastern US canopy tree killed as a dominant species by chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) after 1904; restoration via backcross hybrids, hypovirulence, and transgenic Darling 54.
American Chinese cuisine
American Chinese cuisine is a Chinese immigrant cooking tradition developed in the United States, rooted in Cantonese food and shaped by exclusion-era immigration law, the 1915 restaurant visa loophole, and the 1965 Immigration Act; distinct from China's regional cuisines, with over 45,000 restaurants and a growing fine-dining wing.
American Chopper
American Chopper is an American reality series following Paul Teutul Sr. and Jr. of Orange County Choppers building custom motorcycles, originally on Discovery Channel from 2002.
American Cinema Editors
American Cinema Editors (ACE) is an honorary society of film and television editors founded in 1950, distinct from the Motion Picture Editors Guild; members use the ACE credit and it presents the annual ACE Eddie Awards.
American Civil Liberties Union
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), founded January 1920 by Roger Baldwin, Crystal Eastman, and Albert DeSilver from the National Civil Liberties Bureau amid the Palmer Raids; nonprofit defender of constitutional rights with a 50-state affiliate network.