All articles A–Z
519,064 articles
American Independent Party
The American Independent Party, founded in 1967 for George Wallace's segregationist 1968 presidential run (9.9 million votes, 13.5%), remains a qualified California party with 965,068 registrants as of May 2026.
American Indian boarding schools
American Indian boarding schools were U.S. federal and church-run institutions, 1819–1969, that forcibly assimilated Native children; 408 federal schools, over 500 documented deaths, and a 2024 presidential apology.
American Indian Culture and Research Journal
The American Indian Culture and Research Journal (AICRJ) is a peer-reviewed journal in Native American and Indigenous studies published by UCLA since 1971, covering history, anthropology, literature, and law.
American Indian Dance Theatre
American Indian Dance Theatre (AIDT), founded 1987 by Hanay Geiogamah and Barbara Schwei, is a professional intertribal Native American dance company touring authentic tribal dances, the first such national troupe.
American Indian Movement
The American Indian Movement (AIM) is a grassroots Native American rights organization founded in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in July 1968 by Dennis Banks, Clyde Bellecourt, and George Mitchell.
American Indian Quarterly
American Indian Quarterly is a peer-reviewed interdisciplinary academic journal covering the anthropology, history, and arts of Native Americans, published quarterly by the University of Nebraska Press.
American Indian Science and Engineering Society
The American Indian Science and Engineering Society (AISES), a national nonprofit founded in 1977 and based in Albuquerque, New Mexico, supports Indigenous people in STEM studies and careers.
American Indian Stories
Authored by Yankton Dakota writer Zitkala-Ša (Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, 1876–1938), the 1921 collection of essays draws on her reservation childhood and concludes with the essay "America's Indian Problem."
American Indian Wars
The American Indian Wars, also known as the Indian Wars, were conflicts between Indigenous peoples and European colonists and the United States, ending with the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890.
American Industrial Partners
American Industrial Partners is a New York-based private equity firm founded in 1988 that makes control investments in industrial companies, with about $17.8 billion under management.
American Institute for Manufacturing Integrated Photonics
The American Institute for Manufacturing Integrated Photonics (AIM Photonics) is a US Department of Defense manufacturing institute, established in 2015 with facilities in Albany and Rochester, New York.
American Institute in Taiwan (美国在台协会)
American Institute in Taiwan (美國在台協會, AIT), the US de facto embassy to Taiwan: a DC nonprofit under the 1979 Taiwan Relations Act, State Department-funded, with Taipei (Neihu), Kaohsiung, and Arlington offices, led by a Director.
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), founded 31 January 1963 by merger of the American Rocket Society and Institute of the Aerospace Sciences, is the world's largest aerospace technical society, with nearly 30,000 members, eight journals, standards, and forums like SciTech and ASCEND.
American Institute of Architects
The American Institute of Architects (AIA), founded by 13 architects in New York in 1857, is the professional association for licensed architects in the United States, with more than 101,000 members.
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), founded in 1887, is the US professional body for CPAs; it writes the Uniform CPA Examination and sets professional standards.
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) is a nonprofit professional society founded in 1908 that represents over 60,000 chemical engineers in industry, academia, and government.
American Institute of Electrical Engineers
The American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) was an American professional engineering society founded in New York on May 13, 1884, to advance the theory and practice of electrical engineering.
American Institute of Physics
The American Institute of Physics, founded in 1931, is a nonprofit federation of 10 physical sciences societies based in College Park, Maryland, that publishes Physics Today.
American International Group
American International Group (AIG) is an American global property-casualty and specialty insurance company founded in Shanghai in 1919, rescued with about $182 billion in federal commitments during the 2008 financial crisis.
American International Pictures
American International Pictures (AIP), founded 1954 by Samuel Z. Arkoff and James H. Nicholson as American Releasing Corporation, was a low-budget exploitation film studio for teens; sold to Filmways 1979, revived by MGM 2020.
American Invitational Mathematics Examination
American Invitational Mathematics Examination (AIME), MAA invitational math contest after AMC 10/12: 15 questions, 3 hours, integer answers 000-999, max score 15, introduced 1983, feeds USAMO selection; computer-based at Pearson centers from 2027.
American Iron and Steel Institute
The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) is a trade association of North American steel producers, founded in 1908, headquartered in Washington, DC, that advocates for the industry, compiles statistics, and maintains cold-formed steel design standards.
American Israel Public Affairs Committee
AIPAC (American Israel Public Affairs Committee), founded 1954 as AZCPA, is a 501(c)(4) US lobbying group for the US-Israel partnership, now paired with AIPAC PAC and the United Democracy Project super PAC.
American IV: The Man Comes Around
American IV: The Man Comes Around is Johnny Cash's fourth Rick Rubin-produced American Recordings album, released November 5, 2002, famous for the Nine Inch Nails cover "Hurt," Platinum sales, a No. 22 Billboard 200 peak, and 2003 Americana and CMA Album of the Year awards.
American Jazz Orchestra
American Jazz Orchestra: New York jazz repertory big band (1986-1992) founded by Gary Giddins, Roberta Swann, and John Lewis; debuted at Cooper Union, recorded Ellington and Lunceford tributes, disbanded when funding ran out.
American Jewish Committee
American Jewish Committee (AJC), founded November 11, 1906 in New York, is a nonpartisan Jewish advocacy organization defending Jewish civil and religious rights worldwide, distinct from the American Jewish Congress, known for its annual State of Antisemitism in America surveys.
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC, the Joint), US Jewish humanitarian organization founded 1914 after Morgenthau's $50,000 cablegram; rescued 1,000,000+ Jews, aided DP camps, Israel's Malben, Agro-Joint, and non-sectarian disaster relief in 73 countries.
American Jews
American Jews: the U.S. Jewish community, about 7.5 million people (2.4% of adults) in 2020; defined by religion, ethnicity, and ancestry; shaped by Sephardic, German, and Eastern European immigration waves; politically liberal overall except Orthodox; increasingly concerned about antisemitism.
American journal of biological anthropology
American Journal of Biological Anthropology (AJBA), formerly American Journal of Physical Anthropology, the monthly official journal of the American Association of Biological Anthropologists, founded 1918 by Ales Hrdlicka, published by Wiley, ISSN 2692-7691.
American Journal of Hematology
American Journal of Hematology (Am J Hematol), monthly Wiley hematology journal founded 1976 by Ananda S. Prasad, edited by Carlo Brugnara since 2006; impact factor rose from 1.88 to over 10; known for Annual Clinical Updates series.