All articles A–Z

Amphioctopus

Amphioctopus P. Fischer, 1882 is a genus of benthic incirrate octopuses in Octopodidae, including A. fangsiao, A. aegina, and A. kagoshimensis; molecular data support its monophyly, though ITIS lists it as a junior synonym of Octopus.

Amphioctopus fangsiao

Amphioctopus fangsiao, also Octopus ocellatus, gold-ringed or short-arm octopus, is a small East Asian ocellate octopus fished from northern Japan to the South China Sea, holobenthic with large eggs and a sequenced genome.

Amphioctopus marginatus

Amphioctopus marginatus, the veined or coconut octopus (Taki, 1964), is an Indo-Pacific benthic octopus known for carrying coconut shell halves as portable shelters, documented tool use, and bipedal walking.

Amphioxus genome

The amphioxus genome is the sequenced genome of the Florida lancelet, Branchiostoma floridae, first published in 2008; lacking whole-genome duplication, it anchors reconstruction of the ancestral chordate genome.

Amphiphysin

Amphiphysin (AMPH1/BIN1, amphiphysin 1 and 2) is a BAR domain adaptor protein family linking clathrin, AP-2, and dynamin in synaptic vesicle endocytosis, and a paraneoplastic autoantigen in stiff-person syndrome with breast or lung cancer.

Amphipoda

Amphipoda, amphipods or scuds, sideswimmers, sandhoppers: an order of compressed peracarid crustaceans with three pairs of pleopods and uropods, about 10,900 accepted species across marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and deep-sea habitats.

Amphipora

Amphipora (type species A. ramosa) is an extinct Devonian genus of dendroid stromatoporoid sponges with slender, spaghetti-like branching skeletons, typical of restricted inner-platform lagoonal carbonates across Europe, North America, Asia, and Australia.

Amphissa Tholos

The Amphissa Tholos is an intact Mycenaean tholos tomb at Amfissa in Phocis, Central Greece, excavated in 2014 and dated to the 13th to 11th century BC.

Amphitheater at Castrum Rauracense

Amphitheater at Castrum Rauracense (Kaiseraugst): a Late Roman military amphitheater discovered in 2021 next to the castrum on the Rhine, Switzerland; 56 × 42.66 m elliptical arena, stone podium wall, wooden stands, built circa 4th century, probably by legio I Martia.

Amphitheater Birten

The Amphitheater Birten is a Roman earth-and-timber amphitheater in the Birten district of Xanten, Germany, built in the 1st century AD beside the legionary fortress Vetera.

Amphitheater of Alba Fucens

Amphitheater of Alba Fucens: 1st-century AD Roman amphitheater at the Latin colony of Alba Fucens, Abruzzo, Italy; carved into the San Pietro hillside, about 96 x 79 m exterior, funded by testament of Tiberius's praetorian prefect Q. Naevius Cordus Sutorius Macro.

Amphitheater of Anazarbos

Amphitheater of Anazarbos (Anazarbus, Anavarza): small Roman amphitheatre, 83 x 62 m, in Cilicia, Turkey; one of only three attested in Asia Minor; stone-built, dismantled, site of martyrdoms.

Amphitheater of Dura-Europos

Amphitheater of Dura-Europos, Roman amphitheater at the edge of the military camp in Dura-Europos, Syria. Yale excavators dated it to the 210s CE; Simon James places a military presence from the 180s, with the building possibly serving civilians too.

Amphitheater of Thizica

The Amphitheater of Thizica is a small Roman amphitheater at the ancient town of Thizica, identified with Henchir Techga near Mateur in northern Tunisia, seating about 3,200 spectators.

Amphitheatre

An amphitheatre is an open-air oval, elliptical, or circular building of classical Roman type, with a central arena surrounded on all sides by tiered seating for gladiatorial spectacles.

Amphithéâtre Gallo-Romain

An amphithéâtre gallo-romain (Gallo-Roman amphitheatre) is a Roman entertainment building in Gaul, with seating around a central arena for gladiatorial fights, beast hunts, and executions.

Amphitheatre of El Jem (Tunisia)

Roman amphitheatre at El Jem, Tunisia, ancient Thysdrus, built around 238 AD, likely under Gordian I; 148 x 122 m, about 35,000 seats, free-standing stone construction, UNESCO World Heritage since 1979.

Amphitheatrum Castrense

Amphitheatrum Castrense (Anfiteatro Castrense), an early 3rd-century Roman amphitheatre built under Elagabalus at the Sessorian palace, Rome; incorporated into the Aurelian Walls in 271 and one of two surviving amphitheatres in the city.

Amphitrite (Ἀμφιτρίτη)

Amphitrite (Ἀμφιτρίτη), Greek sea goddess and wife of Poseidon, a Nereid in Hesiod but a sea metonym in Homer; queen of the sea, mother of Triton, worshiped with Poseidon at Tenos.

Amphitrites Patera

Amphitrites Patera, also Mare Amphitrites, is a low-relief shield-like volcano about 130 km across on the south rim of Mars' Hellas basin, one of the oldest Martian central-vent volcanoes at roughly 3.6 billion years.

Amphiuma

Amphiuma (amphiumas, congo eels, congo snakes): the only extant genus of the salamander family Amphiumidae, with three eel-like aquatic species endemic to the southeastern US coastal plain, sister to Plethodontidae.

Amphoe Hat Yai

Amphoe Hat Yai (อำเภอหาดใหญ่), Hat Yai District of Songkhla Province, southern Thailand; 660 km² district around Hat Yai city, a railway junction founded 1909 and the south's commercial, educational, and transport hub, repeatedly hit by major floods.

Amphoe Khlong Luang

Amphoe Khlong Luang (คลองหลวง) is a district (amphoe) in Pathum Thani Province, central Thailand, north of Bangkok. It is named for a royal canal dug under King Rama V around 1905.

Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen

Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen (อำเภอเมืองขอนแก่น) is the central district of Khon Kaen province, Thailand, containing Khon Kaen city. Founded 1785, it covers 953.4 km² with 17 subdistricts and 415,594 registered residents (2020), the country's seventh most populous district.

Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima

Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima (อำเภอเมืองนครราชสีมา) is the capital district of Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand, containing Korat city, the Thao Suranari Monument, and Chumphon Gate.

Amphoe Mueang Samut Sakhon

Amphoe Mueang Samut Sakhon (อำเภอเมืองสมุทรสาคร), also Maha Chai, is the capital district of Samut Sakhon province, Thailand, on the Tha Chin River; 99,088 residents (2021), center of fishing, seafood processing, and salt farming.

Amphora

Amphora (Greek ἀμφορεύς): two-handled ancient Mediterranean ceramic jar for storing and transporting wine, oil, and other goods; also a capacity measure (Roman amphora two-thirds of the Greek), used from the Neolithic to after the Middle Ages.

Amphotericin B

Amphotericin B (AmB, Fungizone, AmBisome) is a polyene antifungal antibiotic from Streptomyces nodosus, licensed 1959, that binds fungal ergosterol; nephrotoxic deoxycholate form largely superseded by safer lipid formulations.

Amphoterism

Amphoterism, also called amphotericity, is the property of a chemical species that behaves both as an acid and as a base, such as water, amino acids, or aluminum oxide.