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Human rights violations against Palestinians by Israel
Human rights violations against Palestinians by Israel: documented movement restrictions, land confiscation, settlement expansion, demolitions, administrative detention, and Gaza hostilities; ICJ 2024 found the occupation unlawful, rights groups allege apartheid, Israel denies.
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW), founded 1978 as Helsinki Watch, is an independent international NGO investigating human rights abuses in some 100 countries, refusing government funding, and advocating via naming and shaming.
Human Rights, Liberation and Reconciliation: Nelson Mandela Legacy Sites
Human Rights, Liberation and Reconciliation: Nelson Mandela Legacy Sites, UNESCO World Heritage site 1676, is a 2024 serial property of fourteen South African sites, including the Union Buildings, Sharpeville Sites, Liliesleaf and Constitution Hill, commemorating the anti-apartheid struggle.
Human sacrifice
Human sacrifice is the ritual killing of a person as an offering within a religious or ceremonial framework, documented across ancient Egypt, China, Mesoamerica, and the Andes.
Human sacrifice in Aztec culture
Human sacrifice in Aztec culture: ritual killing of captives, mainly by heart removal at Tenochtitlan's Templo Mayor, also called Mexica sacrifice. Cook estimated 15,000 victims yearly; archaeology supports the practice but not the largest colonial figures.
Human sacrifice in Maya culture
Human sacrifice in Maya culture: ritual killing and blood offerings of the ancient Maya, Classic to Postclassic periods. Includes noble bloodletting (ch'ahb' glyph, 69 epigraphic cases), infant sacrifice, decapitation, heart extraction, Chichen Itza chultun victims, and Tikal-Teotihuacan child altar.
Human safari (terror campaign)
Human safari, also called Sarajevo Safari or sniper tourism, refers to unproven allegations that wealthy foreigners paid Bosnian Serb forces to shoot civilians during the 1992–1996 siege of Sarajevo, now under investigation in Italy and Bosnia.
Human Sciences Research Council
The Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) is South Africa's statutory social science research agency, established in 1968 under the HSRC Act 17 of 2008, headquartered in Pretoria, led by CEO Sarah Mosoetsa, and known for surveys such as SASAS and SABSSM.
Human security
Human security: people-centered security approach introduced in UNDP's 1994 Human Development Report, based on freedom from fear and want, defined by UN General Assembly resolution 66/290 (2012), covering survival, livelihood, and dignity.
Human serum albumin
Human serum albumin (HSA, ALB), the most abundant plasma protein (66 kDa, ~600 μM), maintains oncotic pressure, carries fatty acids, bilirubin, and drugs at Sudlow sites I and II, and is given intravenously for volume expansion.
Human settlement
Human settlement: any place where people live together, from hamlet to megacity. Also classified as cities, towns and semi-dense areas, and rural areas under the UN Degree of Urbanisation; cities held 45% of 8.2 billion people in 2025.
Human sex pheromones
Human sex pheromones, also called putative human pheromones (androstenone, androstenol, androstadienone, estratetraenol), are claimed chemical sexual signals between humans; no bioassay-led evidence supports any candidate, and the human vomeronasal organ is nonfunctional.
Human sex ratio
Human sex ratio: ratio of males to females, especially the sex ratio at birth (SRB), about 1.05 male per female live births naturally. Covers conception-to-birth trajectory, regional baselines (1.031-1.067), and the 12 countries with SRB imbalance and 23.1 million missing female births.
Human sexual response cycle
Human sexual response cycle: model of physiological and emotional changes during sexual activity. Masters and Johnson's 1966 four-stage linear model (excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution), Kaplan's desire phase, and Basson's 2000 circular female model.
Human sexuality
Human sexuality: the study of sexual attraction, orientation (heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, asexual), identity, behavior, and sexual health; distinct from sex/gender measurement and shaped by biological, psychological, and cultural factors.
Human Shadow Etched in Stone
Human Shadow Etched in Stone (人影の石, hitokage no ishi) is a granite step from Hiroshima's Sumitomo Bank, 260 m from the hypocenter, bearing a dark silhouette formed when a person shielded the stone from the 1945 atomic bomb's bleaching heat rays; now in the Peace Memorial Museum.
Human shields in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
The use of human shields in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict is the practice, alleged or documented on both sides, of using civilians to shield military objectives from attack.
Human skeleton
Human skeleton: the body's bony framework, 206 named adult bones in axial (80) and appendicular (126) divisions, about 270 at birth, with support, protection, movement, blood cell production, and mineral storage functions.
Human skin
Human skin, the body's largest organ (about 6 pounds, 18 square feet), has three layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis; it provides barrier, sensory, thermoregulatory, and vitamin D functions and hosts a diverse microbiome.
Human skin color
Human skin color is melanin-based pigmentation shaped by UV radiation via the vitamin D–folate hypothesis: dark equatorial skin conserves folate, depigmented high-latitude skin aids vitamin D synthesis, evolving polygenically across SLC24A5, SLC45A2, MC1R, and KITLG.
Human spaceflight
Human spaceflight, also called manned spaceflight, is the flight of people to and from space in life-supporting vehicles, beginning with Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin in 1961.
Human subject research
Human subject research: systematic investigation involving living people contributing data or samples. Governed by the 1991 U.S. Common Rule (45 CFR 46), the 1979 Belmont Report, informed consent, and IRB review; FDA regulates clinical investigations separately.
Human Support Robot
The Human Support Robot (HSR) is a compact domestic mobile manipulator developed by Toyota, announced in 2012, that fetches objects and provides remote communication for elderly and disabled people.
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
HTLV-1 (human T-lymphotropic virus 1, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1) is the first discovered human retrovirus, transmitted sexually, via breastfeeding, needles, and blood, causing adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and HAM/TSP in 5-10% of the 5-10 million infected; no vaccine or cure exists.
Human Target (2010 TV series)
Human Target (2010 TV series): Fox action drama starring Mark Valley as bodyguard Christopher Chance, with Chi McBride and Jackie Earle Haley; two seasons, 25 episodes, canceled 2011; second TV adaptation after 1992 ABC series.
Human taxonomy
Human taxonomy: the scientific classification of Homo sapiens (NCBI TaxID 9606) as Eukaryota, Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primates, Hominidae, Homo; Linnaeus 1758; no recognized human subspecies; race is not a biological category.
Human thermoregulation
Human thermoregulation: maintenance of core body temperature by balancing heat generation and loss, controlled by the preoptic hypothalamus via sweating, vasodilation, and shivering.
Human threats to spiders
Human threats to spiders are the pressures people place on spider populations, chiefly habitat destruction, pesticides, climate change, collection for trade, and invasive species; as of 2021, 99.34% of spider species had no IUCN assessment.
Human tooth
Human tooth: the mineralized organ in the jaws, made of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp; humans have 20 primary and 32 permanent teeth, and enamel is the body's hardest, non-remodeling tissue.
Human tooth development
Human tooth development (odontogenesis) is the bud-cap-bell-root formation of teeth from oral epithelium and neural crest mesenchyme, regulated by Wnt, BMP, FGF, SHH, and EDA signaling, producing 20 deciduous and 32 permanent teeth; agenesis genes include MSX1, PAX9, WNT10A, AXIN2.