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Infectious dermatitis
Infectious dermatitis (infective eczematoid dermatitis, ICD-11 EA88.0): acute exudative eczematous eruption around a suppurative infection focus, mainly S. aureus, treated with topical antibiotics and soaks.
Infectious disease
Infectious disease is disease caused by a microorganism or other infectious agent in a human host; formally classified as DOID:0050117 and Mondo 0005550, it is studied through the Reactome pathway R-HSA-5663205.
Infectious diseases
Infectious diseases (ID), also called communicable diseases medicine, is the non-procedural medical specialty covering pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiology of infections; its knowledge base exceeds comparable specialties and 80% of US counties lack an ID physician.
Infectious duodenitis
Infectious duodenitis, ICD-11 DA51.6, is duodenal mucosal inflammation caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites; H. pylori is the most common cause, with giardiasis, tuberculosis, CMV, and MAI among others.
Infectious epithelial keratitis
Infectious epithelial keratitis: rare, sight-threatening inflammation of the corneal epithelium from viral (mainly HSV-1), bacterial, fungal, or protist infection; dendritic ulcers; treated with oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or topical antivirals.
Infectious haematopoietic necrosis
Infectious haematopoietic necrosis (IHN), caused by IHNV (Salmonid novirhabdovirus, Novirhabdoviridae), is a WOAH-notifiable rhabdovirus disease of salmonid fish, first seen in 1953 in Washington sockeye hatcheries, with fry mortality up to 90–95% at 8–14 °C.
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), Salmonid novirhabdovirus, is a Novirhabdovirus rhabdovirus of salmonid fish causing notifiable IHN disease; genogroups U, M, L, E, J; fry mortality up to 94%; DNA vaccine licensed.
Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis
Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis (IHHN, IHHNV, PstDNV, Decapod penstyldensovirus 1) is a WOAH-listed parvovirus disease of penaeid shrimp, first seen in Hawaii in 1981, causing runt deformity syndrome and up to 90% mortality.
Infectious intermediate uveitis
Infectious intermediate uveitis (ICD-11 9B66.1): infection-driven inflammation of the vitreous and peripheral retina, caused mainly by syphilis, tuberculosis, and Lyme disease, diagnosed by PCR, serology, and mNGS.
Infectious intracranial aneurysm
Infectious intracranial aneurysm, also called mycotic aneurysm: an infected, rupturing-prone pseudoaneurysm of intracranial arteries, usually from septic emboli in infective endocarditis; treated with antibiotics, surgery, or endovascular occlusion.
Infectious keratitis
Infectious keratitis, also called microbial or infective corneal ulcer, is corneal infection by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or Acanthamoeba; the leading cause of corneal blindness, diagnosed by scraping, culture, PCR, and confocal microscopy.
Infectious liver disease
Infectious liver disease is liver inflammation and damage caused by pathogens, chiefly hepatitis viruses A, B, C, D, and E plus bacterial, amoebic, and fungal liver abscess. HBV and HCV cause most chronic disease and about 1.3 million deaths yearly.
Infectious mononucleosis
Infectious mononucleosis (mono, glandular fever) is a contagious illness caused mainly by Epstein-Barr virus, with fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue lasting 2 to 4 weeks or longer.
Infectious myocarditis
Infectious myocarditis (ICD-11 BC42.1), inflammation of the heart muscle from viral, bacterial, or parasitic antigens. Viruses predominate; parvovirus B19 and HHV-6 in high-income countries, dengue, HIV, malaria, and Chagas elsewhere.
Infectious myonecrosis
Infectious myonecrosis is a WOAH-listed viral disease of farmed Pacific white shrimp caused by infectious myonecrosis virus, recognized in Brazil in 2002 and causing losses exceeding 1 billion dollars in Brazil and Indonesia.
Infectious oedema
Infectious oedema (ICD-11 MG29.2) is infection-related tissue swelling, a residual code under MG29 Oedema; mechanisms include inflammatory capillary permeability increase and lymphatic obstruction, as in filariasis.
Infectious oesophagitis
Infectious oesophagitis (感染性食道炎), ICD-11 DA24.0, is oesophageal inflammation from an infectious agent, mainly Candida, HSV, or CMV, occurring mostly in immunocompromised patients and diagnosed by endoscopy with biopsy.
Infectious optic neuropathy
Infectious optic neuropathy (ION): optic nerve damage from viral, bacterial, parasitic, or fungal infection (CMV, syphilis, tuberculosis, Bartonella, fungi), via direct invasion or post-infectious immune injury, requiring antimicrobial versus immunosuppressive decisions.
Infectious panuveitis
Infectious panuveitis is an uncommon eye disease in which viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection diffusely inflames the entire uveal tract, retina, and vitreous, threatening vision.
Infectious pericarditis
Infectious pericarditis (ICD-11 BB20.0; ICD-10 I30.1 infective pericarditis) is pericardial inflammation from bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. Viral causes dominate in developed countries; tuberculosis dominates in endemic areas; purulent pericarditis is rare but fatal untreated.
Infectious posterior uveitis
Infectious posterior uveitis, also called infectious posterior segment uveitis, is infection-driven inflammation of the retina and choroid (ICD-10 H32.0), caused mainly by Toxoplasma gondii, CMV, herpesviruses, syphilis, and tuberculosis, and treated with antimicrobials before steroids.
Infectious salmon anemia
Infectious salmon anemia (ISA), also called infectious salmon anaemia, is a contagious Orthomyxoviridae (Isavirus) disease of Atlantic salmon, first seen in Norway in 1984, causing anemia and hemorrhaging, with major epidemics in Chile (2007) and Maine (2001).
Infectious scleritis
Infectious scleritis is microbial infection of the sclera, 5–10% of scleritis cases, usually bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) after pterygium surgery or trauma; distinct from autoimmune scleritis, needing antimicrobials plus debridement.
Infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1
Infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1 (IDH, HAID): rare severe chronic infected eczema of childhood caused by the retrovirus HTLV-1, first described in Jamaica in 1966, mainly in Jamaica and Brazil, treated with prolonged antibiotics.
Infective endocarditis
Infective endocarditis (IE) is infection of the heart's inner lining, usually valves, caused by bloodborne bacteria. Key facts: 1.04 million cases in 2021, S. aureus leading pathogen, Duke-ISCVID 2023 diagnosis, ESC 2023 antibiotic and surgery guidance.
Infer (static analyzer)
Infer is an open-source static analyzer developed at Facebook (now Meta) that finds potential bugs in Java, C, C++, and Objective-C code without running it.
Inference
Inference, also known as logical inference, is the process of deriving a conclusion from premises with certainty, as in deduction, or to a lesser degree, as in induction and abduction.
Inference attack
An inference attack is an attack on a machine learning system that tries to extract sensitive information from a deployed model, such as whether a record was used in training.
Inference engine
An inference engine is a software module that applies the stored knowledge of an expert system to problem facts, deriving new facts and deciding which actions to take.
Inferior colliculus
The inferior colliculus (IC) is a paired midbrain structure serving as the main relay for auditory information traveling from the inner ear to the auditory cortex, supporting sound localization.