All articles A–Z
519,064 articles
Insect repellent
Insect repellents are pesticides that make humans less attractive to biting insects rather than killing them. Key active ingredients include DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus, and permethrin-treated clothing.
Insect thermoregulation
Insect thermoregulation covers how ectothermic insects control body temperature through behavioral thermoregulation, pre-flight shivering, evaporative cooling, heat shock proteins, and heterothermy in bees, wasps, dragonflies, and moths.
Insect Viruses
Insect viruses: baculoviruses (Baculoviridae) used as bioinsecticides, insect-specific viruses of mosquitoes, and plant viruses transmitted by insects; defined by narrow host range, occlusion bodies, and 4-7 day kill.
Insecticide
Insecticide: chemical used to kill insects or stop destructive behaviors; classes include organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, neonicotinoids, and growth regulators. Classified by IRAC mode-of-action groups; resistance arises via metabolic, target-site, penetration, and behavioral mechanisms.
Insecticide Resistance
Insecticide resistance: heritable survival of insects against insecticide doses lethal to susceptible populations. First documented 1914; over 500 arthropod species affected via metabolic, target-site, cuticular, and behavioral mechanisms; managed by IRAC and mode-of-action rotation.
Insecticide-Treated Bednets
Insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs, LLINs) are insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets for malaria prevention; over 2 billion distributed since 2005, now shifting from pyrethroid-only to PBO and dual-ingredient nets against resistance.
Insectivore
Insectivore: an animal that eats insects, and formerly the mammalian order Insectivora, now replaced by Eulipotyphla (shrews, moles, hedgehogs, solenodons) within Laurasiatheria.
Insects as food
Insects as food, or entomophagy, is the human consumption of insects, which supplements the diets of about 2 billion people, mostly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Insects of Sri Lanka
The insects of Sri Lanka comprise roughly 11,000 recorded species across nearly all insect orders, representing 53% of the island's known organisms, with beetles, butterflies and moths, and ants, bees, and wasps the largest groups.
Insecure (TV series)
Insecure, HBO comedy-drama created by and starring Issa Rae with Larry Wilmore, ran 2016–2021 for five seasons, following Issa Dee and Molly Carter in South Los Angeles; Peabody winner, 14 Emmy nominations.
Insei (cloistered rule)
Insei (院政) was the cloistered rule system of late Heian Japan, in which retired emperors like Shirakawa, beginning in 1086, continued to govern after abdicating.
Insel Verlag
Insel Verlag is a German literary publishing house founded in 1899 in Leipzig, known for finely produced world literature and the Insel-Bücherei series begun in 1912.
Inselberg
An inselberg, also called a kopje or monadnock, is an isolated, steep-sided hill rising abruptly from a surrounding plain, a term coined by Wilhelm Bornhardt in 1900.
Insemination
Insemination is the deposition of semen into the female reproductive tract or uterus, done naturally at coitus or deliberately as artificial insemination in breeding and fertility treatment.
Insensitive munition
An insensitive munition (IM) is a munition designed to give its required explosive performance while tolerating unplanned stimuli such as heat, fire, impact, and nearby detonations, governed by NATO's STANAG 4439.
Insert molding
Insert molding, also called insert injection molding, is an injection molding process where plastic is injected around a preformed insert, usually metal, producing a finished assembled part.
Insertion device
An insertion device is an array of alternating-polarity magnets in a synchrotron or free-electron laser that forces electrons onto a zigzag path, generating radiation far more intense than bending magnets.
Insertion reaction
An insertion reaction is a chemical reaction in which an atom or group inserts into a single bond, converting one bond into two, as with carbenes and CO.
Insertion sort
Insertion sort, or linear insertion sort, is a stable comparison sorting algorithm that inserts each element into place among the sorted part, fast on nearly sorted data.
Insertional mutagenesis
Insertional mutagenesis is a genetic method that disrupts or activates genes by inserting DNA elements such as transposons, retroviruses, or engineered cassettes into a genome.
Insha Allah Khan Insha
Insha Allah Khan Insha (انشا اللہ خان انشا) was an Urdu and Persian poet at the Delhi and Lucknow courts who wrote Darya-e Latafat, the first Urdu grammar in Persian.
Insha na Mashairi
Insha na Mashairi (Essays and Poems) is a 1959 book by the Tanzanian Swahili writer Shaaban Robert, first published in Tanga, mixing short essays with poems on moral themes.
Insha-i Mahru
Insha-i Mahru (انشائے مہرو), also known as Tarassol-e ayn-al-molki, is a Tughluqid-era collection of state papers and private letters, perhaps the earliest surviving Indian collection.
Insha'
Insha' (إنشاء, "composition") is the Islamic art of composing official documents and letters, also a genre of model-letter literature written in Arabic, Persian, and Turkic.
Inshaiya
Inshaiya (انشائیہ) is a genre of Urdu non-fiction prose corresponding to the personal or light essay, in which writers share impressions in an informal, playful, self-revealing style.
Inshallah (إِنْ شَاءَ ٱللَّٰه)
Inshallah (إن شاء الله) is an Arabic phrase meaning "if God wills," said of future acts and used in everyday speech across the Arabic-speaking world.
Inshorts
Inshorts is an Indian news aggregation app that summarizes national and international stories into 60-word briefs, started in 2013 as the Facebook page News in Shorts.
Inshushinak-shar-ilani
Inshushinak-shar-ilani was a king of Susa in the late 15th or early 14th century BC, attested by the inscription IRS 19 and a seal from Haft Tappeh.
Inshushinak-shar-ili
Inshushinak-shar-ili, Elamite Inšušinak-sunkir-nappipir, was a king of Elam of the earliest Middle Elamite period, styled king of Susa and known from inscriptions and seals rather than any king list.
Inside (2007 film)
Inside (À l'intérieur) is a 2007 French home-invasion horror film by Julien Maury and Alexandre Bustillo, starring Béatrice Dalle and Alysson Paradis, premiered at Cannes Critics' Week and a key New French Extremity title.