Modern European poets

Ferdinand Avenarius

Ferdinand Avenarius (1856–1923) was a German poet and editor who founded and edited the journal Der Kunstwart from 1887 and co-founded the Dürerbund in 1902.

Ferdinand Freiligrath (1810–1876) was a German poet and translator who rose to fame with exotic verse, became the leading political poet of the 1848 revolution, and introduced Walt Whitman to German readers.

Ferenc Faludi

Ferenc Faludi (Hungarian: Faludi Ferenc, 1704–1779) was a Hungarian Jesuit priest, poet, and translator, a leading figure of Hungarian rococo literature and a creator of modern Hungarian prose.

Ferenc Kölcsey

Ferenc Kölcsey (Kölcsey Ferenc, 1790–1838) was a Hungarian poet, critic, and Reform Era politician whose poem the Himnusz, set to music by Ferenc Erkel, became Hungary's national anthem.

Ferenc Verseghy

Ferenc Verseghy (1757–1822) was a Hungarian poet, linguist, and Pauline monk who translated the Marseillaise and served the longest sentence in the 1795 Jacobin conspiracy.

Fernando Pessoa

Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935) was a Portuguese poet and prose writer who became central to modernism by inventing literary identities, most famously Alberto Caeiro, and co-found the 1915 magazine Orpheu.

Filip Višnjić

Filip Višnjić (Филип Вишњић) was a blind Serbian guslar and epic poet, born c. 1767 in Bosnia, remembered as the singer of the First Serbian Uprising.

Filippo Tommaso Marinetti

Filippo Tommaso Marinetti (1876-1944), Italian poet born in Alexandria, Egypt, founded Futurism with his 1909 Manifesto published in Le Figaro; created parole in liberta, led the Futurist Party, and allied with Mussolini's fascism.

Florbela Espanca

Florbela Espanca (1894–1930) was a Portuguese poet, born in Vila Viçosa, who made the sonnet the vehicle for confessional poems of love, sensuality, solitude, and death.

Fran Krsto Frankopan

Fran Krsto Frankopan was a Croatian nobleman, military commander, and poet of the Frankopan family, co-organizer of the Zrinski-Frankopan conspiracy against the Habsburgs, beheaded with Petar Zrinski in 1671.

Fran Levstik

Fran Levstik (1831–1887) was a Slovene poet, dramatist, and literary critic who was central to the literature after the March Revolution of 1848. He also wrote Popotovanje iz Litije do Čateža.

France Prešeren

France Prešeren (1800–1849) was a Slovenian Romantic poet and lawyer from Vrba, regarded as Slovenia's national poet; his 1844 poem "Zdravljica" (A Toast) became the national anthem, and Prešeren Day marks his death.

Francis Jammes

Francis Jammes (1868–1938) was a French poet, novelist, and chronicler who lived in Béarn and the Basque country, writing plain rural Catholic verse that broke with Symbolism.

Francisco Brines

Francisco Brines (Francisco Brines Bañó, 1932–2021) was a Spanish poet of the Generation of '50, known for elegiac poetry on time and death, and winner of the 2020 Cervantes Prize.

Francisco de Quevedo

Francisco de Quevedo (1580–1645) was a Spanish writer of the Siglo de Oro, the leading representative of conceptismo, known for the picaresque novel El Buscón and the satires Los sueños.

François Coppée

François Coppée (1842–1908) was a French poet, dramatist, and novelist called "the poet of the humble" for verse on ordinary Parisian lives, elected to the Académie française in 1884.

Franjo Marković

Franjo Marković (1845–1914) was a Croatian philosopher, poet, and theater critic who became the first professor of philosophy at the restored University of Zagreb in 1874.

František Ladislav Čelakovský

František Ladislav Čelakovský (1799–1852) was a Czech poet and philologist of the National Revival, best known for his Echo of Russian Songs and Echo of Czech Songs.

Frantsishak Bahushevich

Frantsishak Bahushevich (Францішак Багушэвіч; 1840–1900) was a Belarusian poet and lawyer who wrote as Matsei Buračok; his collections The Belarusian Pipe (1891) and The Belarusian Fiddle (1894) founded modern Belarusian literature.

Frédéric Mistral

Frédéric Mistral was a Provençal poet and lexicographer who founded Le Félibrige, compiled a major Occitan dictionary, and shared the 1904 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Frederik van Eeden

Frederik van Eeden (1860–1932) was a Dutch poet, novelist, and psychiatrist who co-founded De Nieuwe Gids in 1885, pioneered psychotherapy in the Netherlands, and coined the term "lucid dream".

Fricis Bārda

Fricis Bārda (1880–1919) was a Latvian poet, teacher, and essayist regarded as a leading representative of neoromanticism in Latvian literature, brother of poet Anton Bārda.

Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock

Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock (1724–1803) was a German religious poet from Quedlinburg whose epic Der Messias, published from 1748 to 1773, transformed German verse by abandoning rhyme for classical hexameter.

Friedrich Hölderlin

Friedrich Hölderlin (1770–1843) was a German lyric poet, novelist, and translator, author of Hyperion and the great hymns Der Rhein, Brot und Wein, and Patmos.

Friedrich Leopold, Count Stolberg

Friedrich Leopold, Count Stolberg (Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg, 1750–1819) was a German lyric poet and travel writer who traveled with Goethe and converted to Catholicism in 1800.

Friedrich Rückert

Friedrich Rückert, pseudonym Freimund Reinmar, was a German poet and professor of Oriental languages whose verse translations of the Quran and Persian poets founded German Oriental studies.

Fyodor Tyutchev (Фёдор Иванович Тютчев)

Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev (Фёдор Иванович Тютчев), 1803-1873, Russian lyric poet, diplomat and publicist; served in Munich and Turin, published 24 poems in Pushkin's Sovremennik in 1836, rediscovered by Nekrasov in 1850, wrote the Denisyev cycle.

Ğabdulla Tuqay

Ğabdulla Tuqay (Габдулла Тукай) was a Tatar poet and publicist, 1886 to 1913, who created the modern Tatar literary language, writing over 400 poems and the fairy-tale poem 'Şüräle'.

Gabriel Celaya

Gabriel Celaya, pen name of Rafael Múgica Celaya, was a Spanish poet and engineer who led the social poetry of 1950s Spain, declaring that poetry is a weapon.