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Early 20th-century modernists

269 articles

Kishida Ryūsei

Kishida Ryūsei (岸田劉生) was a Japanese Western-style painter, 1891 to 1929, who repeatedly rebuilt his own style and is best known for his portraits of his daughter Reiko.

Krishen Khanna

Krishen Khanna (born 1925) is an Indian modernist painter, the last surviving member of the Progressive Artists' Group of Bombay, known for figurative works depicting Partition and brass-band musicians.

Kurt Schwitters

Kurt Schwitters (Kurt Hermann Eduard Karl Julius Schwitters, 1887–1948), German artist and poet of Hanover who invented Merz, a collage-assemblage art from the word Kommerz, and built the Merzbau, destroyed 1943; exile artist distinct from formal Dada membership.

Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin

Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin (Кузьма Петров-Водкин, 1878–1939) was a Russian and Soviet painter and teacher, best known for Bathing of the Red Horse and his self-devised spherical perspective.

Lado Gudiashvili

Lado Gudiashvili (ლადო გუდიაშვილი; born Vladimir Gudiashvili, 1896–1980) was a Georgian painter, graphic artist, and muralist and a leading Tbilisi modernist, known for Paris-period works like The Fish Alive.

Lê Phổ

Lê Phổ (1907–2001) was a Vietnamese-French painter and leading figure of modern Vietnamese art, among the first graduates of the École des Beaux-Arts de l'Indochine in Hanoi.

Lee Jung-seob

Lee Jung-seob (이중섭, 1916–1956) was a Korean painter and leading figure of modern Korean art, best known for his dynamic bull paintings and silver foil paintings made on cigarette-pack tinfoil.

Lee Man Fong

Lee Man Fong (李曼峰, 1913–1988) was a Chinese-born painter active in Indonesia and Singapore who blended Lingnan brushwork with Western oil technique and served President Sukarno as court painter.

Leonora Carrington

Leonora Carrington (1917-2011), British-born Mexican painter, sculptor, and writer of the Surrealist movement; partner of Max Ernst, wartime exile, and major figure of Latin American Surrealism in Mexico City.

Li Keran

Li Keran (李可染, 1907–1989) was a Chinese painter and art educator who transformed ink landscape painting by fusing accumulated-ink technique with Western light and modeling; his best-known work is Ten Thousand Mountains All Red (1963).

Li Kuchan

Li Kuchan (李苦禅, 1899–1983), born Li Ying, was a Chinese painter and educator known for freehand bird-and-flower paintings, especially eagles, and taught at the Central Academy of Fine Arts.

Lili Elbe

Lili Elbe (Lili Ilse Elvenes, 1882-1931), born Einar Wegener, Danish painter and one of the first documented recipients of sex reassignment surgery; wife of Gerda Wegener; subject of Man into Woman and The Danish Girl.

Lin Fengmian

Lin Fengmian (林風眠, 1900–1991) was a Chinese painter and educator who merged Chinese ink painting with European modernism and founded the National Art Academy in Hangzhou.

Liu Haisu

Liu Haisu (刘海粟, 1896–1994) was a Chinese painter, calligrapher, and art educator who founded the Shanghai Art Academy in 1912 and pioneered modern Chinese art education.

Lu Yanshao

Lu Yanshao (陆俨少, 1909–1993), originally named Tongzu and courtesy-named Wanruo, was a Chinese landscape painter known for drawn clouds and water and his Three Gorges series.

Lucien Pissarro

Lucien Pissarro was a French-born painter, wood engraver, and printer, the eldest son of Camille Pissarro, who settled in London in 1890 and ran the Eragny Press with his wife Esther.

Lucio Fontana

Lucio Fontana (1899–1968) was an Argentine-Italian painter and sculptor who founded the postwar movement Spatialism, best known for his pierced and slashed monochrome canvases titled Concetto spaziale.

Luis Alberto Acuña

Luis Alberto Acuña (full name Luis Alberto Acuña Tapias) was a Colombian painter, sculptor, muralist, and art historian who drew on pre-Columbian and Muisca traditions and helped found the Bachué movement.

Lygia Clark

Lygia Clark (1920–1988) was a Brazilian painter and sculptor of the Neo-Concrete movement in Rio de Janeiro, best known for Bichos, hinged aluminum sculptures spectators manipulate.

Lyonel Feininger

Lyonel Feininger was an American painter and printmaker who spent fifty years in Germany, taught at the Bauhaus from 1919, and built prismatic paintings of churches and seascapes.

Lyubov Popova (Любовь Сергеевна Попова)

Lyubov Popova (Любовь Сергеевна Попова, 1889-1924), Russian avant-garde painter, stage designer, and textile artist; creator of Painterly Architectonics, Meyerhold's constructivist sets, and VKhUTEMAS color professor; distinct from A.S. Popov museum namesakes.

Mahmoud Said

Mahmoud Said (محمد سعيد, 1897–1964) was an Egyptian painter and judge from Alexandria, widely regarded as a founder of modern Egyptian art; his villa is now the Mahmoud Said Museum.

Mai Trung Thứ

Mai Trung Thứ (梅忠恕), known by his artist name Mai-Thu, was a Vietnamese painter (1906–1980) who spent most of his career in France, known for portraits of women and children on silk.

Marc Chagall (מוישע סעגאַל)

Marc Chagall (Moishe Shagal, מוישע סעגאַל), 1887-1985, Russian-born French modernist painter from Vitebsk; known for I and the Village, the Paris Opera ceiling, Jerusalem stained glass, and the Nice museum.

Marcel Duchamp

Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968), French-born American artist of Dada and Cubism, creator of the readymades and Fountain (1917, signed R. Mutt), The Large Glass, and Box in a Valise; forerunner of Conceptual art.

María Izquierdo

María Izquierdo (1902–1955) was a Mexican painter from San Juan de los Lagos, Jalisco, and with Frida Kahlo one of the first Mexican women artists to gain international recognition.

Marianne von Werefkin

Marianne von Werefkin (Марианна Верёвкина, 1860–1938) was a Russian-born painter and art theorist who co-founded the Neue Künstlervereinigung München in 1909 and took part in Der Blaue Reiter exhibitions.

Mario Sironi

Mario Sironi (1885–1961) was an Italian painter and muralist who moved from Futurism to monumental classicism and led the Novecento movement, whose aesthetic became the dominant style of Italian Fascism.

Marjorie Eaton

Marjorie Lee Eaton (1901–1986) was an American painter, photographer, and character actress of the Taos and California modernist circles, known for modernist portraits of Juan Mirabal, her work with Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, and playing the costumed Emperor Palpatine in The Empire Strikes Back.

Mark Tobey

Mark Tobey (1890–1976) was an American abstract painter known for "white writing," a technique of dense calligraphic lines developed from his study of East Asian calligraphy.