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Renaissance and earlier paintings

244 articles

A Panorama of the Yangtze River

A Panorama of the Yangtze River (Changjiang wanli tu) is a Chinese landscape handscroll theme depicting the river from source to sea, painted from the Song dynasty onward.

A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks

A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks (晴巒蕭寺圖) is a Northern Song winter landscape hanging scroll attributed to Li Cheng, held at the Nelson-Atkins Museum in Kansas City.

A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains

A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains (Qianli Jiangshan Tu, 千里江山图) is a monumental blue-green landscape handscroll painted in 1113 by Wang Ximeng, an 18-year-old Northern Song court painter.

Admonitions Scroll

The Admonitions Scroll (女史箴圖) is a Chinese silk handscroll in the British Museum, traditionally attributed to Gu Kaizhi, illustrating Zhang Hua's poem of courtly conduct.

Ajanta Cave 1 paintings

The Ajanta Cave 1 paintings are fifth-century CE Buddhist murals in a Vakataka monastery cave at Ajanta, Maharashtra, best known for the bodhisattvas Padmapani and Vajrapani.

Alchi murals

The Alchi Monastery murals are Buddhist wall paintings in Alchi, a village in western Ladakh, India, painted mainly from the 11th to 13th centuries in the Kashmiri tradition.

Aldobrandini Wedding

The Aldobrandini Wedding (Le Nozze Aldobrandini) is an ancient Roman fresco in the Vatican Museums, found on the Esquiline Hill in 1601 and painted in the Augustan age.

Alexander Mosaic

Alexander Mosaic, a c. 100 BCE Roman floor mosaic from Pompeii's House of the Faun depicting Alexander the Great and Darius III (Battle of Issus), now in Naples, under restoration since 2021.

Ambrosian Iliad

The Ambrosian Iliad, also known as Ilias picta, is a fragmentary 5th- or 6th-century illuminated manuscript of Homer's Iliad kept in Milan.

Angel with Golden Hair

Angel with Golden Hair (Russian: Ангел Златые власы), also cataloged as Archangel Gabriel, is a Russian icon of around 1200 in the State Russian Museum in Saint Petersburg.

Angler on a Wintry Lake

Angler on a Wintry Lake (寒江独釣図, Hanjing Dudiaotu) is a small Southern Song painting attributed to Ma Yuan, showing a lone fisherman through masterful use of blank space.

Apollo 11 stones

The Apollo 11 stones are seven painted stone slabs from the Apollo 11 Cave in southern Namibia, among the oldest known figurative art, at about 30,000 years old.

Arnolfini Portrait

The Arnolfini Portrait (also Arnolfini Wedding) is Jan van Eyck's signed 1434 oil-on-oak double portrait in the National Gallery, London, probably of Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini and his wife, famous for its convex mirror and disputed meaning.

Auspicious Cranes

Auspicious Cranes (瑞鶴圖) is a celebrated 1112 ink-and-color silk handscroll attributed to Northern Song emperor Huizong, depicting twenty cranes above the palace gates of Kaifeng.

Autumn and Winter Landscapes

Autumn and Winter Landscapes (秋冬山水図) is a pair of ink hanging scrolls of autumn and winter scenes by the Japanese Zen painter Sesshū Tōyō, designated National Treasures and held by the Tokyo National Museum.

Autumn Colors on the Qiao and Hua Mountains

Autumn Colors on the Qiao and Hua Mountains (鹊华秋色) is a 1295 handscroll by Yuan artist Zhao Mengfu depicting two mountains near Jinan, Shandong, now in the National Palace Museum, Taipei.

Autumn Wind and Fan

Autumn Wind and Fan (秋风纨扇图) is an ink hanging scroll of a lady holding a round fan, painted by Ming artist Tang Yin and held by the Shanghai Museum.

Bacchus and Ariadne

Bacchus and Ariadne is an oil painting by Titian, made between 1520 and 1523 for Alfonso I d'Este, showing Bacchus falling in love with the abandoned Ariadne.

Bedford Hours

The Bedford Hours is a French book of hours illuminated in Paris around 1410 to 1430, owned by John, Duke of Bedford, who gave it to Henry VI in 1430.

Belles Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry

The Belles Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry is an early 15th-century illuminated book of hours made in Paris by the Limbourg brothers.

Bodhisattva Guide of Souls

Bodhisattva Guide of Souls (Yinlu Pusa tu, 引路菩萨图) is a Tang dynasty silk painting from Dunhuang, showing a bodhisattva leading a deceased woman's soul toward the Western Pure Land.

Bonampak murals

The Bonampak murals are extensive Maya wall paintings of about 790 CE in Structure 1 at Bonampak, Chiapas, Mexico, recording court life, warfare, sacrifice, and royal succession.

Brancacci Chapel

The Brancacci Chapel (Cappella Brancacci) is a frescoed chapel in Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence, decorated by Masolino and Masaccio in the 1420s with scenes from the Life of Saint Peter.

Chinese Lions

Chinese Lions (Karajishi-zu byōbu) is a pair of Japanese folding screens depicting two lions on gold leaf, the right screen painted by Kano Eitoku in the 16th century.

Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga

Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga (鳥獣人物戯画), shortened to Chōjū-giga, is a set of four Japanese ink picture handscrolls at Kyoto's Kōzan-ji temple, made between the 12th and 13th centuries.

Chora Church mosaics and frescoes

The Chora Church mosaics and frescoes, created in Istanbul between about 1316 and 1321 under Theodore Metochites, are among the finest surviving Late Byzantine decoration.

Christ Pantocrator (Χριστὸς Παντοκράτωρ) (Sinai)

The Sinai Christ Pantocrator (Χριστὸς Παντοκράτωρ) is a 6th-century encaustic icon, 84 x 45.5 cm, at St Catherine's Monastery, the oldest known example of the type, revealed by 1962 cleaning after overpainting, famous for its asymmetric face.

Church Militant (icon)

Church Militant, originally Blessed is the Host of the Heavenly Tsar, is a 1550s Russian icon commemorating Ivan the Terrible's capture of Kazan, now in the Tretyakov Gallery.

Clearing Autumn Skies over Mountains and Rivers

Clearing Autumn Skies over Mountains and Rivers (江山秋色图) is a Song-dynasty blue-and-green landscape handscroll in the Palace Museum, Beijing, attributed to the imperial-clan painter Zhao Boju.

Codex Aureus of Echternach

The Codex Aureus of Echternach, the Codex Aureus Epternacensis, is an Ottonian Gospel book written entirely in gold ink at Echternach abbey around 1030 to 1045.