137 articles
Cyenopyrafen
Cyenopyrafen (NC-512, Starmite) is a pyrazole beta-ketonitrile proacaricide, IRAC group 25A mitochondrial complex II inhibitor, developed by Nissan Chemical, registered 2008 in Japan, not EU-approved, with P450-mediated resistance in Tetranychus urticae.
Cyhexatin
Cyhexatin (tricyclohexylhydroxystannane, Plictran) is an organotin acaricide for mites on fruit and nut crops, first commercialized broadly in 1972 and withdrawn worldwide from 1987 after teratogenicity findings.
Deinocroton
Deinocroton is an extinct Cretaceous tick genus from Burmese amber (~99 Ma), type species D. draculi, likely parasitizing feathered dinosaurs; formerly family Deinocrotonidae, now placed in Nuttalliellidae.
Demodex
Demodex is a genus of microscopic mites living in human hair follicles and sebaceous glands; D. folliculorum and D. brevis are permanent human ectoparasites, near-universal in adults, linked to rosacea, demodicosis, and Demodex blepharitis, treated with lotilaner 0.25% (XDEMVY).
Demodex folliculorum
Demodex folliculorum, the human follicle mite (with Demodex brevis), a 0.3–0.4 mm commensal eyelash mite; overgrowth causes blepharitis and rosacea, treated with tea tree oil, ivermectin, and lotilaner 0.25%.
Dermacentor
Dermacentor is a genus of about 40 hard tick species (Ixodidae) with ornate scuta, short mouthparts, eyes, and festoons; key vectors of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, tularemia, and tick paralysis, including D. variabilis and D. andersoni.
Dermacentor andersoni
Dermacentor andersoni, the Rocky Mountain wood tick (Stiles 1908), is a large ornate hard tick of the western US and southwestern Canada transmitting Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, and tularemia and causing tick paralysis; distinguished from D. variabilis by 100–200 moderate spiracular goblets.
Dermacentor variabilis
Dermacentor variabilis, the American dog tick (formerly Ixodes variabilis), is a North American hard tick, primary US vector of Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia, a three-host tick, not a Lyme vector.
Dermanyssus gallinae
Dermanyssus gallinae, the poultry red mite or chicken mite, is a nocturnal blood-feeding mite of birds hiding in poultry-house cracks; completes its life cycle in as few as 7 days, survives months without feeding, and shows widespread acaricide resistance.
Diagnosis and treatment of human mite infestations
Diagnosis and treatment of human mite infestations covers how scabies and other mite conditions are confirmed by scraping or dermoscopy and treated with permethrin or ivermectin.
Dienochlor
Dienochlor is an organochlorine insecticide and acaricide, first reported in 1964, that controlled plant-damaging mites on ornamentals in greenhouses and outdoors; it is now obsolete.
Disseminated Lyme borreliosis
Disseminated Lyme borreliosis (ICD-11 1C1G.1) is the stage of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in which spirochetes spread beyond the tick-bite site, causing multiple erythema migrans, neuroborreliosis, carditis, or arthritis.
Dust mite allergy
Dust mite allergy, also called dust allergy, is a hypersensitivity to proteins from house dust mites in bedding and carpeting, causing perennial rhinitis, asthma, or atopic dermatitis.
Ear mite
Ear mite (Otodectes cynotis), a psoroptic surface mite of cats, dogs, and ferrets worldwide; lives in the ear canal, causes otic pruritus and dark cerumen, spreads by direct contact, treated with macrocyclic lactones and isoxazolines.
Effects of Varroa mites on honey-bee colonies
Varroa mites (Varroa destructor) kill honey-bee colonies mainly by vectoring viruses, above all deformed wing virus; untreated colonies die within one to four years, driving US winter losses averaging 28.7% since 2006.
Environmental tick bite prevention
Environmental tick bite prevention covers non-chemical landscape measures that reduce contact between people and ticks: mowing, removing leaf litter, installing woodchip or gravel barriers, and fencing out deer.
Equine piroplasmosis
Equine piroplasmosis, a WOAH-listed tick-borne disease of horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras caused by Theileria equi, Babesia caballi, and Theileria haneyi; lifelong carriers, no vaccine, global pooled prevalence near 30%.
Eriophyidae
Eriophyidae, gall mites, are the largest family of eriophyoid mites: about 200 µm long, four-legged, plant-feeding pests that induce galls, with roughly 3,790 described species and high host specificity.
Eriophyoidea
Eriophyoidea, gall mites or four-legged mites, is a superfamily of tiny (about 200 μm) worm-like plant-feeding acariform mites with two pairs of legs, over 5000 species in three families, major crop pests and virus vectors, likely sister to Nematalycidae.
Etoxazole
Etoxazole (CAS 153233-91-1), a diphenyl oxazoline selective miticide, IRAC Group 10B, inhibits chitin synthesis in mite eggs and juveniles; EU approval renewed to 2028 as candidate for substitution.
Feather mite
Feather mites are mites that live permanently on the feathers and skin of birds, feeding on fungi, bacteria, preen oil, and debris. About 2,500 species are described, mostly harmless.
Fenazaflor
Fenazaflor (Lovozal, Tarzol, CAS 14255-88-0) is an obsolete benzimidazole acaricide introduced circa 1967 to control spider mites on apples and pears; it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation after hydrolysis to DTFB and is not approved in the EU.
Fenazaquin
Fenazaquin is a quinazoline-class acaricide and miticide that controls spider mites and other crop pests by inhibiting mitochondrial complex I, sold as Magister SC and Magus SC.
Fenbutatin oxide
Fenbutatin oxide (Vendex, Torque) is an organotin acaricide, CAS 13356-08-6, inhibiting mitochondrial ATP synthase (group 12B) to control spider mites; registered in the US since 1974, no longer authorised in the EU.
Fenson
Fenson, aka fenizon, is the organochlorine acaricide 4-chlorophenyl benzenesulfonate (CAS 80-38-6), a GABA-channel mite killer first registered in the USA in 1958 and now obsolete, unapproved in the EU and UK.
Fipronil
Fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide launched in 1993, blocks insect GABA- and glutamate-gated chloride channels; used in termite control, baits, and pet spot-on products, restricted in the EU for bee risk.
Flour mite
Flour mite (Acarus siro, grain mite, synonym Tyroglyphus farinae), a stored-product mite pest of flour and cheese; species complex with A. farris and A. immobilis; causes occupational asthma and grocer's itch.
Gamasoidosis
Gamasoidosis, also called bird mite disease or fowl mite dermatitis, is human dermatitis from gamasid mite bites, chiefly Dermanyssus gallinae, the nocturnal poultry red mite that also bites people via nests and poultry houses.
Haemaphysalis
Haemaphysalis (Koch, 1844) is a genus of hard ticks in Ixodidae, the second largest tick genus with about 166-176 species on all continents except Antarctica; includes the invasive Asian longhorned tick H. longicornis.
Halacaridae
Halacaridae, sea mites in superfamily Halacaroidea (Trombidiformes), are the only mite family fully adapted to marine life, with over 1,000 species from littoral to deep sea and the oldest extant secondarily marine animal lineage.