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Firebird (жар-птиця) (Slavic folklore)
Firebird (жар-птиця, zhar-ptitsa) is the glowing golden bird of Russian and Slavic folklore, a rare treasure in Afanasyev's tales and the subject of Stravinsky's 1910 Ballets Russes ballet.
Flamingo
Flamingo (Phoenicopteridae, Phoenicopteriformes): six pink filter-feeding wading bird species, sister to grebes in Mirandornithes, split ~43 Mya, Plio-Pleistocene radiation, vortical-trap feeding.
Flightless bird
Flightless birds are bird species descended from flying ancestors that lost flight, evolving independently at least 150 times. Living examples include ostriches, emus, kiwis, penguins, and the kakapo; human-caused extinctions hid far greater past diversity.
Formicarius
Formicarius (Boddaert, 1783) is a genus of Neotropical antthrushes, family Formicariidae, type species F. colma; terrestrial forest-floor birds including the Black-faced, Rufous-capped, and Mayan Antthrushes.
Fowl
Fowl: birds of the orders Galliformes (landfowl, e.g. chickens, turkeys) and Anseriformes (waterfowl, e.g. ducks, geese); domesticated fowl are called poultry, dominated by over 33 billion chickens.
Francolinus
Francolinus (Stephens, 1819) is a genus of Asian gamebirds in Phasianidae, now limited to the Black, Painted, and Chinese francolins after the former 40-specion genus was split into Pternistis, Ortygornis, Scleroptila, and allies.
Frigatebird
Frigatebirds (Fregatidae) are tropical seabirds known as pirate birds for kleptoparasitism, though stealing supplies only about 5% of their food; great frigatebirds stay aloft for months, and the Christmas Island frigatebird is endangered.
Fringilla
Fringilla (chaffinches and brambling) is a Linnaean 1758 genus of finches in Fringillidae, subfamily Fringillinae, sister to Carduelinae; includes F. coelebs, F. montifringilla, and Macaronesian chaffinch species.
Fringilla coelebs
Fringilla coelebs, the common chaffinch (Buchfink), is a widespread Eurasian and Macaronesian finch; a 2021 phylogenomic study proposes splitting it into five species.
Fringilla montifringilla
Fringilla montifringilla, the brambling (Bergfink, Pinson du Nord), is a northern Eurasian finch breeding in birch and boreal forest from Fennoscandia to Russia, wintering in huge nomadic flocks that follow beech mast crops, with roosts up to 20 million birds.
Fringillidae
Fringillidae, the true finches (including Hawaiian honeycreepers, synonym Drepanididae), is a passerine family of seed-eating songbirds with palatal grooves and a reduced 10th primary, split into Fringillinae, Euphoniinae, and Carduelinae, with Darwin's finches historically assigned to it.
Fulmarus
Fulmarus is a genus of two tubenosed seabirds, the Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) of northern oceans and the Southern Fulmar (F. glacialoides) of the Southern Ocean; gull-like, stiff-winged, and key plastic-pollution biomonitors.
Fulvous whistling duck
The fulvous whistling duck, or fulvous tree duck (Dendrocygna bicolor), is a tawny whistling duck found in warm wetlands across the Americas, Africa, and South Asia.
Furnariidae
Furnariidae, the ovenbirds, woodcreepers, and spinetails, is a Neotropical passerine family of about 318 species in 71 genera, famed for extraordinary nest diversity including the mud oven nests of Furnarius horneros.
Furnarius
Furnarius (horneros) is a South American genus of ovenbirds, family Furnariidae, erected by Vieillot in 1816; species such as the Rufous Hornero build oven-shaped mud-and-saliva nests that work as incubation chambers.
Galah
Galah (Eolophus roseicapilla), also called pink and grey or rose-breasted cockatoo, an abundant Australian pink-and-grey cockatoo of family Cacatuidae, 35–36 cm, IUCN Least Concern with increasing population, found across most of Australia.
Galapagos penguin
Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus, Pingüino de Galápagos): the smallest banded penguin and the only penguin breeding partly north of the equator, endemic to the Galapagos Islands, IUCN Endangered, dependent on the Cromwell Current and vulnerable to El Niño.
Galbula
Galbula is a genus of ten jacamar species (family Galbulidae, order Piciformes) of tropical American forests, named by Brisson in 1760; type species the green-tailed jacamar, G. galbula.
Galerida
Galerida is a genus of crested larks (Alaudidae) established by Friedrich Boie in 1828, with the Crested Lark Galerida cristata as type species; about 6-7 species across Eurasia and Africa, 14-19 cm long, named from Latin galerum 'cap'.
Gallic rooster
Gallic rooster (coq gaulois), France's unofficial national emblem from the Latin pun gallus = rooster/Gaul; on Gallic coins, revived in the Renaissance, Revolution, Third Republic, and French sport.
Galliformes
Galliformes (landfowl, gallinaceous or game birds): an order of heavy-bodied, largely terrestrial birds including pheasants, turkeys, grouse, quail, and chickens; about 250-290 species in five families, sister to Anseriformes within Galloanserae, with Cretaceous origins.
Gallinula
Gallinula (moorhens), Brisson 1760, a genus of Rallidae rails in Gruiformes; includes Eurasian Moorhen G. chloropus and Common Gallinule G. galeata; traditionally polyphyletic, revised by Sangster et al.
Gannet
Gannets (Morus) are large plunge-diving seabirds of Sulidae, distinct from boobies (Sula). Three species: Northern (North Atlantic), Cape (Vulnerable, southern Africa), Australasian; one-egg clutches, colonies, up to 2 m wingspan.
Garrulax
Garrulax (Lesson, 1831) is a genus of laughingthrushes in the family Leiothrichidae of southern Asia; once broad, it was reduced after Moyle et al. 2012 split most species into Ianthocincla and Trochalopteron.
Gastornis
Gastornis, also known historically as Diatryma, is an extinct genus of giant flightless herbivorous birds of the Paleogene of Europe, North America, and Asia, the largest terrestrial tetrapods of Paleocene Europe, named by Hébert in 1855.
Gentoo penguin
Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), third largest living penguin, breeding on sub-Antarctic islands and the Antarctic Peninsula; about 387,000 pairs, red-orange bill, inshore deep-diving forager, IUCN least concern with stable population.
Geospiza
Geospiza, the ground finches of the Galápagos established by John Gould in 1837, is a genus of Darwin's finches in Thraupidae, with six traditionally recognized species whose beak evolution is driven by seed diet, the ALX1 locus, and hybridization.
Geothlypis
Geothlypis (yellowthroats) is a genus of New World wood-warblers, Parulidae, established by Cabanis in 1847, with about nine species of marsh and thicket birds, yellow-bellied and black-masked, including the Common Yellowthroat.
Gerygone
Gerygone (gerygones) is a genus of about 20 small insectivorous Australasian songbirds in family Acanthizidae, named by Gould in 1841, ranging from Australia and New Guinea to New Zealand and Southeast Asia.
Gizzard
Gizzard: the muscular second stomach chamber of birds, working with swallowed grit and the koilin lining to grind food in place of teeth; also evolved independently in crocodilians and some fishes, and diet-tuned in poultry.