17 articles
Array tomography
Array tomography is a microscopy method, introduced by Micheva and Smith in 2007, that cuts resin-embedded tissue into ultrathin serial sections and images them repeatedly to reconstruct three-dimensional volumes.
Correlative light and electron microscopy
Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) images the same specimen by fluorescence microscopy and then electron microscopy, so a labeled molecule's identity can be read against its fine structure.
Cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections
Cryo-electron microscopy of vitreous sections (CEMOVIS) is an electron microscopy method in which vitrified biological samples are cut into ultrathin sections and imaged in their native, hydrated state.
Cryo-electron tomography
Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) is an electron microscopy technique that reconstructs 3D volumes of vitrified, flash-frozen biological samples, imaging membranes and macromolecules inside cells at 2 to 4 nm resolution.
Cryo-focused ion beam milling
Cryo-focused ion beam (cryo-FIB) milling is a specimen-preparation technique that sputters frozen cells into electron-transparent lamellae, letting cryo-electron tomography resolve macromolecular complexes in their native cellular environment.
Cryofixation
Cryofixation is a sample-preparation method for electron microscopy that cools biological specimens within milliseconds, turning their water into amorphous vitreous ice that preserves near-native cellular structure.
Electron tomography
Electron tomography is a microscopy method that reconstructs 3D volumes, called tomograms, of cells, organelles, and macromolecular assemblies from tilted image series recorded with a transmission electron microscope.
Freeze Etching
Freeze etching (freeze-etching): electron microscopy replica technique; frozen specimens are fractured, surface ice is sublimed under vacuum, and platinum-carbon replicas reveal true cell surfaces and membranes, distinct from cryoprotectant-based freeze-fracturing.
Freeze Fracturing
Freeze fracturing (freeze-fracture EM): a TEM sample-preparation method that fractures a frozen biological specimen under vacuum and makes a platinum-carbon replica; key steps are rapid freezing, fracturing, replication, and cleaning, with optional freeze etching.
Freeze substitution
Freeze substitution dehydrates and chemically fixes a frozen biological specimen at low temperature with a solvent such as acetone, producing a resin-embeddable sample for electron microscopy.
Histology Shadowing Technique
Histology shadowing technique (metal shadowing, shadow casting): TEM specimen preparation evaporating heavy metal such as platinum at an oblique angle, creating shadow contrast and 3D appearance; unidirectional and rotary variants, ~3 nm resolution.
Immunoelectron microscopy
Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) combines antibody-based labeling with electron microscopy to localize specific antigens at ultrastructural resolution in cells and tissues, typically using colloidal gold particles as electron-dense probes.
Immunogold labeling
Immunogold labeling is an electron microscopy technique that uses antibodies attached to colloidal gold particles to detect and localize specific antigens in cells, tissues, and viral particles.
Replica Techniques
Replica techniques are electron microscopy specimen-preparation methods that make a platinum-carbon mold or cast of frozen or dried tissue, including freeze-fracture, freeze-etching, and corrosion casting, for TEM surface imaging.
Serial block-face electron microscopy
Serial block-face electron microscopy (SBEM, also SBF-SEM) is a volume electron microscopy method that repeatedly images and slices resin-embedded tissue, producing 3D datasets of cellular ultrastructure.
Subtomogram averaging
Subtomogram averaging (STA), also called single particle tomography, is a computational method in structural biology that aligns and averages copies of macromolecular complexes extracted from cryo-electron tomograms.
Volume electron microscopy
Volume electron microscopy (vEM), including serial block-face SEM, is a family of electron microscopy methods that images resin-embedded biological samples section by section to reconstruct 3D ultrastructure at nanometer resolution.