21 articles
2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium
2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride, also known as TTC, is a colorless salt that turns red when reduced by metabolically active tissue, marking viable seeds and heart muscle.
Acidophilic cytoplasm
Acidophilic cytoplasm, also called eosinophilic cytoplasm (CL:0017502), is cytoplasm that stains red or pink with the acidic anionic dye eosin in H&E staining; the eosinophil's cationic-protein granules are the model case.
Acridine orange staining
Acridine orange staining is a fluorescent dye method that binds DNA, RNA, and acidic compartments, emitting green or red, used to assess cell viability and apoptosis.
Acta histochemica
Acta histochemica (ISSN 0065-1281) is a German peer-reviewed histochemistry journal founded in 1954, now published by Urban & Fischer/Elsevier, distinct from the Japanese Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica (1968).
Basophilic cytoplasm
Basophilic cytoplasm is cytoplasm that stains blue-purple with basic cationic dyes, mainly because of RNA in ribosomes and rough ER; prominent in protein-synthesizing cells and altered in lead poisoning.
Cell fixation
Cell fixation is a laboratory technique that preserves cells and tissues by cross-linking or denaturing their biomolecules, so structure and molecular localization survive microscopy, staining, or analysis.
Cyclic immunofluorescence
Cyclic immunofluorescence (CycIF) is an imaging method that repeatedly stains, images, and strips the same tissue or cell sample, measuring up to 60 proteins; the tissue variant, t-CyCIF, was introduced in 2018.
Dual staining
Dual staining is a histology and cytology method that detects two different targets, such as antigenic epitopes or RNA sequences, on one tissue section or cell preparation.
Fluorescence staining
Fluorescence staining attaches fluorescent dyes to specific structures or biomolecules in cells and tissues so they can be visualized under a fluorescence microscope, most often through immunofluorescence.
Immunocytochemistry
Immunocytochemistry (ICC), often called immunofluorescence when the label is a fluorophore, is a microscopy method using antibodies to detect and localize proteins within fixed cultured cells.
Immunofluorescence staining
Immunofluorescence staining is a microscopy method that uses fluorescently labeled antibodies to detect and localize specific antigens in cells or tissue sections, first demonstrated by Coons and colleagues in 1942.
Indirect immunofluorescence
Indirect immunofluorescence is a microscopy detection method in which an unlabeled primary antibody binds an antigen and a fluorophore-tagged secondary antibody makes the binding visible, amplifying the signal.
Intracellular staining
Intracellular staining is a cytometry and microscopy technique in which cells are fixed and permeabilized so fluorescent antibodies can bind intracellular targets such as cytokines and transcription factors.
Myelin staining
Myelin staining is a set of histological techniques that visualize myelin sheaths in nervous tissue, most commonly with Luxol fast blue, and used to reveal multiple sclerosis plaques.
Neuroanatomical tract-tracing
Neuroanatomical tract-tracing is a family of histological methods in which a tracer injected into nervous tissue is carried by axonal transport, labeling connections between brain regions.
Nissl staining
Nissl staining is a histological method that uses basic dyes such as cresyl violet to label neuronal cell bodies and Nissl substance, the routine stain for brain cytoarchitecture.
Propidium iodide
Propidium iodide is a red-fluorescent, membrane-impermeant dye that intercalates into double-stranded DNA and RNA; excluded by intact membranes, it is a standard reagent for viability staining and cell-cycle analysis.
Quantitative immunofluorescence
Quantitative immunofluorescence is a microscopy method that measures fluorescence intensity from antibody-labeled targets to quantify protein abundance, localization, and expression differences in cells and tissues.
Silver Staining
Silver staining: metal-impregnation technique introduced by Golgi in 1873 (black reaction) and shared by Golgi and Cajal's 1906 Nobel Prize; detects low-ng proteins in gels, fungi (GMS), spirochetes (Warthin-Starry), and tau pathology, but has narrow dynamic range and MS incompatibility.
Tissue fixation
Tissue fixation is the chemical preservation of excised tissue, usually in formaldehyde, that stabilizes proteins and nucleic acids and halts decay before staining or analysis.
Trypan blue staining
Trypan blue staining is a dye-exclusion assay in which dead cells take up a blue dye, allowing rapid assessment of cell viability under a microscope.