6 articles
Genetic counseling
Genetic counseling is a healthcare process in which a trained genetic counselor helps people understand genetic contributions to disease, through risk assessment, education, and support.
Genetic Profile
Genetic profile (DNA profile, DNA fingerprint): a set of genetic-marker measurements identifying a person. Invented by Alec Jeffreys in 1984; STR-based for CODIS, SNP-based for forensic genetic genealogy.
Genetic testing
Genetic testing identifies changes in genes, chromosomes, or proteins to confirm, rule out, or predict genetic conditions. Over 77,000 tests exist; results use blood or spit samples, involve counseling, and are protected in the US by GINA.
Medical genetics
Medical genetics: the medical specialty applying genetic research to human health, covering diagnosis, management, genetic counseling, laboratory standards (ACMG/AMP variant classification), and genomic medicine.
Nature versus nurture
Nature versus nurture: the debate over genetic versus environmental causes of trait variation, framed by Galton's 1875 twin studies, quantified through heritability, and reframed as gene-environment interaction.
Personalized medicine
Personalized medicine, also called precision medicine, tailors prevention, diagnosis, and treatment to an individual's genomic, environmental, and lifestyle profile rather than the average patient, using pharmacogenomics, biomarker testing, and genome sequencing.