23 articles
Acustimulation
Acustimulation is a non-invasive technique applying mild electrical current to the P6 (Neiguan) wrist point to treat nausea and vomiting, using wearable stimulator devices instead of needles.
Adaptive deep brain stimulation
Adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) is a closed-loop treatment in which an implanted stimulator adjusts its electrical delivery in real time based on recorded neural biomarkers.
Auditory Brain Stem Implantation
Auditory brainstem implantation (ABI) places an electrode array on the cochlear nucleus to give sound perception to people deaf from NF2, cochlear nerve aplasia, or cochlear ossification who cannot use cochlear implants; first implanted 1979, over 1,000 procedures worldwide.
Auditory Brain Stem Implants
Auditory brainstem implant (ABI), a neuroprosthesis stimulating the cochlear nucleus for deafness when the cochlear nerve or cochlea is unusable, originally for neurofibromatosis type 2; FDA approved 2000.
Brain stimulation
Brain stimulation is the use of externally applied electrical currents, magnetic fields, or other physical energy to alter nervous system activity, probing brain function and treating neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Burst stimulation
Burst stimulation is a spinal cord stimulation waveform that delivers pulses in short high-frequency packets, relieving neuropathic pain without paresthesia; the FDA approved it in October 2016.
Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation
Cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (cathodal tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that passes a weak direct current through the scalp, conventionally to reduce cortical excitability.
Closed-loop stimulation
Closed-loop stimulation is a neuromodulation technique delivering electrical stimulation only when sensed biomarkers indicate need, used in epilepsy via the NeuroPace RNS and in Parkinson's disease via sensing-enabled deep brain stimulation systems.
Dorsal root ganglion stimulation
Dorsal root ganglion stimulation is an implanted neuromodulation therapy for chronic focal neuropathic pain, FDA approved in 2016 for lower-limb complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).
Frequency spinal cord stimulation
Frequency spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a neuromodulation therapy that delivers tonic electrical pulses to the spinal cord to relieve chronic, intractable pain of the trunk and limbs.
Gastric electrical stimulation
Gastric electrical stimulation is an implanted treatment delivering electrical pulses to the stomach wall to reduce nausea and vomiting in drug-refractory gastroparesis, FDA-approved since 2000.
Implantable Neurostimulators
Implantable neurostimulators are surgically placed devices that deliver electric stimulation to nerves, the spinal cord, or the brain, used for epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and chronic pain.
Implanted Electrodes
Implanted electrodes are surgically placed conductors that record from or stimulate nerves, brain, or muscle, powering cochlear implants, pacemakers, DBS, and brain-computer interfaces; key issues are electrode-tissue interface impedance, biocompatibility, and long-term reliability.
Invasive vagus nerve stimulation
Invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a neuromodulation treatment in which a surgically implanted pulse generator stimulates the left vagus nerve, FDA-approved for drug-resistant seizures and treatment-resistant depression.
Kilohertz-frequency spinal cord stimulation
Kilohertz-frequency spinal cord stimulation (kHz SCS) is a paresthesia-free neuromodulation therapy using 10 kHz pulses; in the SENZA-RCT it outperformed traditional SCS for back and leg pain.
Neural Prostheses
A neural prosthesis, also called a neuroprosthesis, is a medical device that restores or substitutes for nervous system function lost to disease or injury. Cochlear implants and deep brain stimulation are leading examples.
Neuromodulation therapy
Neuromodulation therapy is a class of treatments that alter nerve activity through electrical, magnetic, or chemical stimulation, used for chronic pain, movement disorders, epilepsy, and psychiatric disease.
Peripheral nerve stimulation
Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a neuromodulation technique that delivers electrical pulses to a named peripheral nerve through a nearby lead, reducing chronic neuropathic pain.
Responsive neurostimulation
Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) is an implanted closed-loop brain device that detects abnormal electrical activity at a patient's seizure focus and delivers stimulation to reduce seizures in drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
Sacral nerve stimulation
Sacral nerve stimulation, also called sacral neuromodulation, is a treatment in which an implanted device stimulates the S3 nerve to relieve urinary urgency, retention, and fecal incontinence.
Spinal cord stimulation
Spinal cord stimulation is a neuromodulation therapy in which electrodes implanted in the epidural space deliver electrical pulses to the spinal cord to relieve chronic neuropathic pain.
Spinal cord stimulator implantation
Spinal cord stimulator implantation is a surgical procedure that places a lead in the epidural space and a pulse generator under the skin to treat chronic neuropathic pain.
Temporal interference stimulation
Temporal interference stimulation is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, introduced by Nir Grossman and colleagues in 2017, that uses two high-frequency currents to reach deep brain regions without implanted electrodes.