13 articles
Arterial tonometry
Arterial tonometry is a noninvasive vascular diagnostic method in which a sensor pressed over a superficial artery records the pulse waveform, yielding central blood pressure and arterial stiffness measures.
Blood pressure measurement
Blood pressure determination is noninvasive measurement of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure in mm Hg, by auscultatory Korotkoff sounds or validated oscillometric cuff devices, in office, home, and ambulatory settings.
Blood pressure monitoring
Blood pressure monitoring: repeated arterial BP measurement in office, home (HBPM), and 24-hour ambulatory (ABPM) settings to detect and manage hypertension, from Hales's 1733 equine experiment to validated oscillometric cuffs and not-yet-clinically-ready cuffless wearables.
Continuous blood pressure monitoring
Continuous blood pressure monitoring is the beat-by-beat measurement of arterial pressure during surgery and critical care, with the invasive arterial catheter as the gold standard and noninvasive finger-cuff devices as alternatives.
Electrical cardiometry
Electrical cardiometry (EC) is a noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring method that estimates stroke volume and cardiac output continuously from changes in thoracic electrical impedance during the cardiac cycle.
Fetal heart rate monitoring
Fetal heart rate monitoring, called cardiotocography (CTG) or electronic fetal monitoring (EFM), records the fetal heart rate and uterine contractions during pregnancy and labor, and is the most common obstetric procedure in the United States.
Heart auscultation
Heart auscultation, also called cardiac auscultation, is the physical examination technique of listening to heart sounds with a stethoscope to detect murmurs, gallops, friction rubs, clicks, and rhythm abnormalities.
Hemodynamic monitoring
Hemodynamic monitoring is the measurement of circulatory variables, chiefly blood pressure and cardiac output, to guide treatment in critically ill patients, using tools from cuff pressure to invasive catheters.
Intermittent auscultation
Intermittent auscultation is a method of fetal monitoring during labor that listens to the fetal heart rate at set intervals with a Pinard stethoscope or handheld Doppler.
Invasive blood pressure monitoring
Invasive blood pressure monitoring measures arterial pressure continuously through a catheter in an artery linked to an electronic transducer, the reference method for major surgery, shock, and ICU care.
Nonspecific low blood-pressure reading
Nonspecific low blood-pressure reading is a clinical finding of a blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg or lower without a diagnosis of hypotension, coded R03.1 in ICD-10-CM.
Perfusion Index
Perfusion index (PI, PPI): pulse-oximetry-derived ratio of pulsatile to non-pulsatile blood flow at the sensor site; values under 0.3% signal very low perfusion, 2–5% good perfusion; predicts fluid responsiveness and anesthetic hypotension.
Sphygmomanometry
Sphygmomanometry is the indirect measurement of arterial blood pressure with an inflatable cuff, a pressure gauge, and a stethoscope or automated sensor, yielding systolic and diastolic values.