15 articles
Cystoscopes
A cystoscope is a rigid or flexible tube with a lens and light that is passed through the urethra so a urologist can examine the bladder.
Diagnostic cystoscopy
Diagnostic cystoscopy is a urologic endoscopic procedure in which a cystoscope passed through the urethra directly inspects the urethra, prostate, bladder, and ureteral orifices, and remains the standard for diagnosing bladder cancer.
Flexible cystoscopy
Flexible cystoscopy is an endoscopic examination in which a thin, steerable camera tube is passed through the urethra into the bladder to inspect its lining, in use since 1973.
Flexible ureterorenoscopy
Flexible ureterorenoscopy is an endoscopic urological procedure in which a steerable flexible scope reaches the kidney to treat stones, first-line for renal calculi up to 2 cm.
Flexible ureteroscopy
Flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) is an endoscopic urological procedure in which a steerable flexible scope reaches the kidney to diagnose and treat stones, strictures, and urothelial cancers.
Laser lithotripsy
Laser lithotripsy is an endourological procedure that fragments kidney, ureteral, or bladder stones by delivering pulsed laser energy through an optical fiber inside a ureteroscope or nephroscope.
Nephroscopy
Nephroscopy is the endoscopic examination of the kidney's interior via a tract through the flank, serving as the visual and working component of percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Retrograde intrarenal surgery
Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is a minimally invasive urological procedure in which a flexible ureteroscope passed through the urethra and bladder reaches the kidney to treat stones with laser.
Transurethral resection
Transurethral resection is an endoscopic operation that cuts away bladder tumors or prostate adenoma with a wire loop passed through the urethra inside a resectoscope.
Transurethral Resection of Bladder
Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is the standard endoscopic procedure to diagnose, stage, and treat bladder cancer via the urethra, using a resectoscope; key quality markers are detrusor muscle sampling, repeat resection within six weeks when needed, and immediate intravesical chemotherapy.
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the endoscopic removal of obstructing prostate tissue via a wire-loop resectoscope through the urethra, done for BPH-related urinary obstruction. Introduced by Stern in 1926, it remains a benchmark surgical BPH treatment alongside HoLEP and GreenLight laser.
Ureterorenoscopy
Ureterorenoscopy (URS) is an endoscopic procedure in which a ureteroscope is passed through the urethra and bladder into the ureter to diagnose and treat stones.
Ureteroscopes
Ureteroscopes are thin endoscopes passed through the urethra into the ureters and kidneys for diagnosis and stone treatment. Semi-rigid and flexible (fibreoptic, digital chip-on-tip, single-use such as LithoVue) types, deflection up to 275 degrees.
Ureteroscopy
Ureteroscopy is a urologic endoscopic procedure in which a ureteroscope is passed through the urethra and bladder into the ureter and kidney to diagnose and treat stones, tumors, and strictures.
White-light cystoscopy
White-light cystoscopy is the routine endoscopic examination of the bladder lining using visible white light to detect and monitor bladder tumors; it can miss flat lesions like carcinoma in situ.