71 articles
2D echocardiography
2D echocardiography is an ultrasound method producing real-time cross-sectional views of the beating heart; it is the first-line cardiac imaging test, inexpensive, portable, and non-invasive.
3D echocardiography
3D echocardiography is an ultrasound method that acquires volumetric, moving images of the heart, giving left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction with accuracy similar to cardiac MRI.
3D ultrasound
3D ultrasound is an imaging method that reconstructs many ultrasound slices into a volumetric image of body structures, used in echocardiography, obstetrics, urology, and radiotherapy guidance.
4D ultrasound
4D ultrasound is dynamic 3D volumetric imaging: a sequence of 3D ultrasound volumes displayed as moving rendered images, used mainly to assess the fetal heart and other anomalies.
Acoustic angiography
Acoustic angiography is a contrast-enhanced ultrasound method that images microvasculature at near-super-resolution, resolving vessels of 150–200 μm by receiving superharmonic echoes from microbubble contrast agents.
Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging
Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging is an ultrasound elastography method that pushes tissue with focused pulses to measure stiffness, used mainly to stage liver fibrosis.
Automated breast ultrasound
Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is an imaging method that acquires 3D ultrasound of the whole breast, approved as an adjunct to mammography for screening women with dense breast tissue.
B-scan ocular ultrasonography
B-scan ocular ultrasonography is a two-dimensional, brightness-mode ultrasound technique that images the eye's interior, most often when cataract, hemorrhage, or corneal opacity prevents direct viewing.
Bedside echocardiography
Bedside echocardiography is a focused cardiac ultrasound performed by the treating clinician at the point of care to quickly assess pericardial effusion, heart function, and volume status.
Carotid Arteries Ultrasonography
Carotid arteries ultrasonography (carotid duplex ultrasound, DUS) is a noninvasive gray-scale and Doppler exam grading carotid stenosis by ICA peak systolic velocity (normal 230 cm/s); USPSTF advises against asymptomatic screening.
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is an ultrasound measure of carotid wall thickening used as an atherosclerosis marker and trial surrogate; predictive of events but adds little beyond Framingham risk scores.
Cervical Length Measurement
Cervical length measurement (transvaginal ultrasound cervical sonography) assesses cervix length in pregnancy to predict preterm birth; short cervix defined as ≤25 mm, guiding progesterone treatment.
Color Doppler ultrasonography
Color Doppler ultrasonography is an ultrasound technique that superimposes a color-coded map of flow direction and velocity on gray-scale images, most commonly to image blood flow.
Contrast echocardiography
Contrast echocardiography is cardiac ultrasound performed after intravenous injection of gas microbubbles that opacify the blood pool, used when up to 20% of echocardiograms have poor endocardial border definition.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is an imaging technique that injects gas microbubble contrast agents to image blood flow and tissue perfusion in real time during ultrasound.
Doppler Color Echocardiography
Doppler color echocardiography (color flow echocardiography, MeSH D018618) superimposes color-coded blood flow on gray-scale heart ultrasound in real time; pulsed-Doppler based, red/blue directional display, limited by Nyquist aliasing and angle dependence.
Doppler flowmetry
Doppler flowmetry is a noninvasive diagnostic method that measures blood flow velocity by detecting the Doppler frequency shift of ultrasound reflected from moving red blood cells.
Doppler Pulsed Echocardiography
Pulsed Doppler echocardiography (pulsed-wave, PW Doppler) measures blood flow or tissue velocity at a selected sample volume using pulsed ultrasound; limited by the Nyquist limit and aliasing above roughly 1.5 to 2 m/s.
Doppler Pulsed Ultrasonography
Doppler pulsed ultrasonography, or pulsed-wave Doppler, is an ultrasound technique that measures blood-flow velocity at a specific depth, unlike continuous-wave Doppler, and is used in vascular and cardiac diagnosis.
Doppler ultrasonography
Doppler ultrasonography is an ultrasound technique that measures the frequency shift of sound waves reflected from moving blood cells, assessing blood flow noninvasively in arteries, veins, the heart, and pregnancy.
Doppler ultrasound
Doppler ultrasound is a medical imaging technique that measures the speed, direction, and amount of blood flow by bouncing sound waves off moving red blood cells.
Duplex ultrasonography
Duplex ultrasonography is a diagnostic imaging technique combining B-mode vessel imaging with pulsed-wave Doppler flow measurement, the modality of choice for deep vein thrombosis and carotid stenosis.
Echoencephalography
Echoencephalography: A-mode ultrasound technique, introduced by Lars Leksell (1953-1956), measuring midline brain echoes, especially the pineal, to detect shift from intracranial masses; superseded by CT.
Elasticity imaging
Elasticity imaging is a family of medical imaging techniques that noninvasively map the stiffness of biological tissue using ultrasound or MRI, used mainly to stage liver fibrosis and characterize tumors.
Electromechanical wave imaging
Electromechanical wave imaging (EWI) is a noninvasive, non-ionizing ultrasound method using frame rates up to 2000 per second to map the heart's contraction sequence and localize arrhythmias.
Emergency ultrasound
Emergency ultrasound, often called point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), is bedside ultrasound performed and interpreted by the treating clinician to answer specific questions, such as whether a trauma patient has internal bleeding.
Endoanal ultrasound
Endoanal ultrasound is an imaging technique using a probe in the anal canal to view the anal sphincter muscles, mainly to evaluate fecal incontinence and fistulas.
Exercise echocardiography
Exercise echocardiography is a cardiac ultrasound test imaging the heart during or after exercise to detect ischemia, used to diagnose and risk-stratify coronary artery disease.
Focused assessment with sonography for trauma
Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST), also called eFAST in extended form, is a rapid bedside ultrasound protocol detecting free fluid, typically blood, in injured patients.
FRAME trial
The FRAME trial (Fetal gRowth AbnorMality dEtection Trial, NCT05043753) is a two-arm Italian randomized trial testing whether midwife-performed point-of-care ultrasound of fetal abdominal circumference plus fundal height beats fundal height alone for detecting small and large for gestational age infants.