17 articles
Crown lengthening
Crown lengthening is a periodontal surgical procedure exposing more tooth structure by repositioning gum tissue, used to restore damaged teeth or improve a gummy smile.
Gingival graft
A gingival graft is a periodontal surgical procedure in which tissue, usually from the patient's palate, is transplanted to widen attached gingiva or cover exposed tooth roots.
Gingivectomy
Gingivectomy is a periodontal surgical procedure that removes diseased or excess gum tissue to eliminate pockets, treating gum disease, drug-induced gingival overgrowth, and a gummy smile.
Gingivoplasty
Gingivoplasty is periodontal surgery that reshapes gum tissue into a physiologic contour, usually after gingivectomy; used in crown lengthening, esthetics, and gingival enlargement, by scalpel or laser.
Guided tissue regeneration
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a periodontal surgical technique in which a barrier membrane excludes fast-growing tissue so bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament regrow on a cleaned tooth root.
Initial periodontal therapy
Initial periodontal therapy, also known as Phase I or cause-related therapy, is the first active phase of periodontitis treatment, combining plaque control, scaling, and risk-factor control.
Nonsurgical periodontal therapy
Nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) treats periodontitis by removing plaque and calculus above and below the gumline, mainly through scaling and root planing, without cutting gum tissue.
Periodontal debridement
Periodontal debridement is a nonsurgical dental procedure that removes plaque and calculus from tooth root surfaces and periodontal pockets without deliberately removing cementum, replacing classical scaling and root planing.
Periodontal Dressings
Periodontal dressings (periodontal packs) are protective materials applied over periodontal surgical wounds. Types include zinc oxide eugenol, noneugenol (Coe-Pak, Peripac), and collagen or cyanoacrylate dressings; routine use after flap surgery is no longer indicated.
Periodontal index
A periodontal index is a standardized clinical scoring method grading periodontal disease severity, notably Russell's Periodontal Index of 1956 and the WHO's Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs.
Periodontal probing
Periodontal probing is a dental diagnostic method in which a calibrated, millimeter-marked probe measures probing depth at six sites per tooth, usually with bleeding on probing recorded.
Periodontal Splints
Periodontal splints join mobile periodontally compromised teeth to stabilize them, improving comfort and function. EFP stage IV guidelines endorse temporary and long-term splinting; survival ranges from about 65% at 5 years to 80% at 10 years, with frequent repairs.
Periodontics
Periodontics (periodontology) is the dental specialty for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of tooth-supporting tissues; periodontists train 3 extra years, treat periodontitis with scaling, surgery, and implants.
Root planing
Root planing, known with scaling as scaling and root planing (SRP), is a dental procedure that removes plaque and calculus from tooth roots below the gumline to treat periodontitis.
Subepithelial connective tissue graft
A subepithelial connective tissue graft is a periodontal surgery technique, reported by Burton and Laureen Langer in 1985, using palatal connective tissue to cover exposed tooth roots and thicken gum tissue around teeth and implants.
Subgingival Curettage
Subgingival curettage, also called gingival curettage or periodontal epithelial debridement, is removal of the epithelial lining of periodontal pockets with a curette; abandoned after trials showed no benefit over scaling and root planing.
Supportive periodontal therapy
Supportive periodontal therapy, also called periodontal maintenance, is the long-term recall phase of dental care in which patients treated for periodontitis attend regular visits to keep the disease stable.