Public health and healthcare

NCRT-LABC trial

NCRT-LABC (NCT06697938) is a randomized trial at Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, comparing preoperative SBRT plus chemotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone in 148 patients with luminal-type locally advanced breast cancer, primary endpoint pCR.

Nebraska Medical Center

The Nebraska Medical Center is a 718-bed academic hospital in Omaha, Nebraska, formed in 1997 by merging Clarkson and University hospitals; it is the University of Nebraska Medical Center's teaching hospital.

Neonatal intensive care unit

Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU): specialized hospital unit for critically ill or preterm newborns, first established 1960 at Yale by Louis Gluck; AAP levels II–IV, US admission 9.8% of births in 2023.

NEOTIR study

NEOTIR (NCT07579988) is a cross-sectional observational study at IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, measuring thyroid volume by ultrasound in 400 healthy term newborns in the first week of life to establish the first Italian neonatal reference values.

Nephrovir study

Nephrovir (NCT00577525) was a French population-based case-control study and cohort led by Georges Deschênes testing herpesvirus infection, especially EBV, at onset of childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, with five-year outcome and NEPHROVIR-2/3 follow-ups.

Nested case-control study

A nested case-control study is an epidemiological design in which each disease case arising in a cohort is matched with sampled controls from the cohort's remaining risk set.

NETIFLOW trial

The NETIFLOW trial was a French randomized trial comparing mineral-rich nasal irrigation with saline after endoscopic sinus surgery for nasal polyposis, favoring the mineral solution early.

New York Academy of Medicine

New York Academy of Medicine (NYAM), founded 1847 in New York City, is an independent nonprofit advancing population health and health equity through research, a 200,000-volume medical library, the Journal of Urban Health, and nearly 2,000 elected Fellows.

New York State Department of Health

New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH), state health agency founded 1901, replacing the 1880 State Board of Health; runs Wadsworth Center labs, vital records, Medicaid, AIDS Institute; led by Commissioner James V. McDonald.

New York State Psychiatric Institute

The New York State Psychiatric Institute, founded in 1895, is a Columbia University-affiliated psychiatric research hospital in Washington Heights, Manhattan, operated by the New York State Office of Mental Health.

Newborn screening

Newborn screening is a public health program that tests infants' blood, hearing, and oxygen saturation for treatable disorders before symptoms appear, diagnosing about 1 in 300 US newborns.

NewbornBathing trial

NewbornBathing (NCT06661408) is a Turkish randomized controlled trial by Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University testing video-based versus practical newborn bathing education for primiparous pregnant women, measuring knowledge, anxiety, and bonding at the first bath, 144 participants, three arms.

NIATx 200 trial

NIATx 200: cluster-randomized trial of 201 US addiction treatment clinics in five states testing four quality improvement strategies (interest circles, coaching, learning sessions, combination); coaching and combination cut wait times and raised admissions, none improved retention.

Nirav Ramesh Shah

Nirav Ramesh Shah is an American internist and health-system executive who led New York's Health Department, held Kaiser Permanente roles, and is a Senior Scholar at Stanford.

Nkosi Johnson

Nkosi Johnson (Xolani Nkosi, 1989-2001), South African child born with HIV and AIDS activist; foster son of Gail Johnson, founder with him of Nkosi's Haven, famed for his 2000 Durban AIDS conference speech.

NLST trial

The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) was an American trial of 53,454 heavy smokers showing low-dose CT screening lowered lung cancer deaths 15 to 20 percent versus chest X-ray.

NOMS trial

The NOMS trial (Nepal Oil Massage Study) was a cluster-randomized trial in Sarlahi District, Nepal, testing sunflower seed oil against mustard oil for newborn massage; it found no benefit.

Non-communicable disease

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), also called non-infectious or chronic diseases, are long-duration diseases not passed between people; they killed at least 43 million people in 2021.

Non-inferiority testing

Non-inferiority testing is a clinical trial analysis approach showing a new treatment is not unacceptably worse than the active standard, by ruling out a pre-specified margin of loss.

Non-inferiority trial

A non-inferiority trial is a randomized clinical trial testing whether a new treatment is not unacceptably worse than an active comparator, used when a placebo would be unethical.

Non-Medical Prescribing

Non-medical prescribing is prescribing by healthcare professionals other than doctors or dentists, chiefly nurses and pharmacists. Originating in UK 1992 legislation, it includes supplementary and independent models, with Cochrane evidence of outcomes comparable to medical prescribing.

Non-randomized clinical trial

A non-randomized clinical trial assigns participants to treatment or control groups without randomization, often by usual treatment decisions or participants' choices, and estimates effects against a comparison group.

NORCCAP trial

NORCCAP (Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention) trial: Norwegian population-registry RCT, 1999-2001, testing once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy with or without FIT in 100,210 people aged 50-64; no incidence reduction at 7 years, mortality benefit emerging after about 9.5 years.

Norman G. Levinsky

Norman G. Levinsky was an American nephrologist at Boston University School of Medicine who chaired its Department of Medicine from 1972 to 1997 and wrote on Medicare and research ethics.

Norwegian Institute of Public Health

Norwegian Institute of Public Health (Folkehelseinstituttet, FHI/NIPH), founded 1929 with Rockefeller Foundation funding, is Norway's national public health agency under the Ministry of Health and Care Services, running health registries, surveillance, research and HTA.

NoVacPain trial

NoVacPain (NCT06004258) is a completed Spanish quasi-experimental trial by Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena testing a Painless Vaccination protocol versus traditional vaccination in 495 children aged 2 months to 14 years in Seville.

NOVELTY study

The NOVELTY study was a large international observational cohort study funded by AstraZeneca that enrolled about 12,000 patients with asthma, COPD, or both across 19 countries.

Nurse Administrators

Nurse administrators are registered nurses who have advanced into formal leadership roles, overseeing staff, operations, and budgets in healthcare settings, with titles ranging from nurse manager to chief nursing officer.

Nursing home

Nursing home: residential facility providing skilled nursing and long-term care, also called skilled nursing facility (SNF). Over 15,000 US Medicare/Medicaid-certified homes with ~1.2 million residents; 2024 federal minimum staffing rule of 3.48 hours per resident day was struck down.