25,729 articles
Ponesimod
Ponesimod (Ponvory) is an oral selective S1P1 receptor modulator by Janssen, approved 2021 in the US and EU for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis; 20 mg daily after 14-day titration, superior to teriflunomide in OPTIMUM.
Ponseti method
The Ponseti method is a conservative treatment for congenital clubfoot, developed by Ignacio Ponseti, using serial plaster casts, Achilles tenotomy, and a foot-abduction brace worn for years.
Pontiac fever
Pontiac fever is a mild, self-limiting flu-like illness without pneumonia caused by Legionella bacteria, first identified in a 1968 Pontiac, Michigan outbreak; high attack rate, no treatment needed.
Pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy with leukoencephalopathy
PADMAL (pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy with leukoencephalopathy), also called autosomal dominant pontine microangiopathy, is a rare COL4A1 3'UTR cerebral small vessel disease causing recurrent pontine ischemic strokes and dementia from the thirties or forties, distinct from CADASIL.
Pontine hemorrhage
A pontine hemorrhage is bleeding into the pons of the brainstem, usually from small basilar artery branches damaged by chronic hypertension, and is the most fatal subtype of intracerebral hemorrhage.
Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia
Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia (PTCD) is a rare sporadic hindbrain malformation with a flattened ventral pons, a tegmental cap protruding into the fourth ventricle, sensorineural deafness, cranial nerve deficits, and developmental delay; first named by Barth et al. in 2007.
Pontocerebellar hypoplasia
Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH), also called pontoneocerebellar hypoplasia, is a group of rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorders with prenatal onset affecting the pons and cerebellum; 17 types and 25 genes are recognized, first described in 1912.
Pooled testing
Pooled testing combines specimens from several people into one diagnostic test, clearing many with a single negative result and saving tests when infection is rare.
Poor concentration
Poor concentration (ICD-11 MB21.A; SNOMED CT 395614001) is difficulty focusing attention and sustaining mental energy to complete a task, a symptom seen in ADHD, depression, sleep deprivation, concussion, and functional cognitive disorders.
Poor personal hygiene
Poor personal hygiene is a failure or refusal to keep oneself clean, such as not washing, classified by the WHO in ICD-11 as a behavioral sign, code MB23.J.
Poor urinary stream
Poor urinary stream (ICD-11 MF50.61, 尿線弱勢) is a reduced, slow or weak urine stream, a voiding LUTS caused by bladder outlet obstruction (BPH, stricture), functional obstruction, or detrusor underactivity, measured by uroflowmetry Qmax.
Pop-PK/PD trial
Pop-PK/PD trial (NCT03440216), a Université Catholique de Louvain clinical trial measuring total and free concentrations of temocillin, ceftriaxone, and meropenem in ICU patients stratified by renal function.
POP-REMIND trial
The POP-REMIND trial, also called the POP study, is a French prospective multicenter cohort study run by the REMIND group on postoperative recurrence after ileal Crohn's disease resection.
PopART trial
HPTN 071 (PopART), Population Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Reduce HIV Transmission, was a 2013–2018 three-arm community-randomized trial in 21 Zambian and South African communities testing universal HIV testing and treatment; arm B cut incidence 30%, arm A showed no significant effect.
POPEYE trial
The POPEYE trial is a randomized controlled trial at IRCCS Policlinico San Donato in Italy comparing epidural analgesia with rectus sheath block after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
Popliteal artery
Popliteal artery: continuation of the superficial femoral artery behind the knee, supplying the distal leg; branches into genicular and sural arteries, divides into tibial arteries, with ~10% branching variation and common aneurysm site.
Popliteal artery aneurysm
Popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA), popliteal aneurysm: dilation of the artery behind the knee; the most common peripheral aneurysm, mainly in men over 65, treated by open vein bypass or stent graft when over 2 cm or symptomatic.
Popliteal entrapment syndrome
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES), also called popliteal entrapment syndrome, is rare compression of the popliteal artery by calf muscles or fibrous bands, causing exertional calf claudication in young athletes; six anatomic-to-functional types, diagnosed by dynamic duplex ultrasound and MRA, treated by surgical decompression.
PoProStu study
PoProStu (Poznan Prospective Study, NCT01411033) is a Polish prospective cohort following 100 patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes treated with intensive insulin therapy from onset since 1994-1999, tracking chronic complications over 25+ years.
Population Characteristics
Population Characteristics is a MeSH descriptor (D011154, N01) covering demographic, health status, and socioeconomic qualities of populations, measured through censuses, vital statistics, surveys, and surveillance systems.
Population Groups
Population Groups is a Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptor, maintained by the National Library of Medicine, covering people grouped by race, ethnicity, religion, residence, or social standing.
Population Growth
Population growth: increase over time in the number of people in a country or region, also called natural increase plus net migration. Global rate peaked at 2.3% in 1963; UN projects a peak near 10.3 billion in the mid-2080s.
Population Health
Population health: the health outcomes of a group of individuals and their distribution, per Kindig and Stoddart's 2003 definition; also called the population health approach, covering determinants, HALY/QALY/DALY measurement, and public health distinctions.
Population pharmacokinetic analysis
Population pharmacokinetic analysis is a clinical pharmacology modeling method, originating with Lewis Sheiner's work in 1972, that estimates typical drug concentration profiles and variability across a population from sparse sampling data to guide dosing.
Population pharmacokinetic modeling
Population pharmacokinetic modeling is a pharmacometric method that fits nonlinear mixed-effects models to sparse clinical data, estimating typical drug concentration–time profiles, variability between patients, and supporting precision dosing.
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), also called porcine epidemic diarrhea syndrome, is a non-zoonotic viral pig disease caused by a coronavirus, first reported in 1971 and most lethal in newborn piglets.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), also called blue ear disease, is a viral disease of pigs causing reproductive failure in sows and respiratory disease in young pigs.
Porencephaly
Porencephaly is a rare brain malformation with fluid-filled intracerebral cavities, genetic (COL4A1/COL4A2, autosomal dominant) or acquired from hemorrhage, ischemia, or injury, causing seizures, hemiparesis, and developmental delay.
Porfimer sodium
Porfimer sodium (Photofrin) is a first-generation porphyrin oligomer photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy, activated by 630 nm laser light; first approved in Canada 1993 and the US 1995 for esophageal cancer palliation.
Porfiromycin
Porfiromycin (methylmitomycin C, Promycin, ENT-50825, NSC-56410) is an N-methyl mitomycin C analogue from Streptomyces ardus, a hypoxia-selective bioreductive DNA-cross-linking antibiotic tested in phase III head and neck cancer trials but never FDA approved.