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Pusyanuga Curna
Pusyanuga Curna (Puṣyānuga Cūrṇa, Pushyanuga Churna) is an official Ayurvedic powder of 25 herbs plus red ochre, used for menorrhagia (Asrigdara), leucorrhoea, and piles; clinical trials report reduced bleeding with no adverse effects.
Putapakva Visama Jvarantaka Lauha
Putapakva Visama Jvarantaka Lauha (Puṭapakva Viṣamajvarāntaka Lauha), an official Ayurvedic Formulary of India herbo-mineral iron formulation with purified mercury, sulfur, and gold bhasma, traditionally prescribed for irregular fever (vishama jwara).
Putrefaction
Putrefaction: microbe-mediated stage of corpse decomposition, following autolysis, in which gut and environmental bacteria digest tissue, producing gases, bloating, discoloration, and venous marbling; rate depends on temperature and health, and microbial succession now supports forensic time-of-death estimation.
PUVA therapy
PUVA therapy (psoralen plus ultraviolet A) is photochemotherapy for psoriasis, vitiligo, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; oral or topical 8-methoxypsoralen is activated by 320-400 nm UVA, with cumulative skin cancer risk limiting its use.
Pvalb chandelier GABAergic interneuron
Pvalb chandelier GABAergic interneuron, also called chandelier cell or axo-axonic cell, is a fast-spiking parvalbumin interneuron whose cartridge boutons exclusively target pyramidal axon initial segments, with links to epilepsy, schizophrenia, and autism.
PVC ablation
PVC ablation is a catheter-based cardiology procedure that maps and destroys the myocardial site generating premature ventricular contractions, with about 84% acute success and 3% complications.
PX128
PX128 (PX-128) is Proteologix's investigational bispecific antibody targeting IL-13 and TSLP for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis and asthma, acquired by Johnson & Johnson in 2024 for $850 million; Phase 1-ready at acquisition.
PX130
PX130 is a preclinical bispecific antibody developed by Proteologix and acquired by Johnson & Johnson in 2024, inhibiting IL-13 and IL-22 to treat atopic dermatitis.
Pycnodysostosis
Pycnodysostosis (pyknodysostosis, Toulouse-Lautrec syndrome, Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal bone disease caused by CTSK (cathepsin K) mutations, causing osteosclerosis, short stature, brittle bones, and acroosteolysis.
Pyelogram
A pyelogram is an X-ray image of the renal pelvis and urinary collecting system taken after contrast material fills it, used to evaluate stones, obstruction, and hematuria.
Pyelolithotomy
Pyelolithotomy is a surgical procedure in which the renal pelvis is opened and kidney stones are removed directly through the incision, used when shockwave lithotripsy or endourological treatment fails.
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis (kidney infection) is a UTI in which bacteria ascend from the bladder to one or both kidneys, causing fever, flank pain, and painful urination; treated with antibiotics, about 250,000 US office visits yearly.
Pyeloplasty
Pyeloplasty is a urological operation that treats ureteropelvic junction obstruction by excising the blocked segment and reconnecting the renal pelvis to the ureter, with about 95% success.
Pyle disease
Pyle disease (metaphyseal dysplasia, familial metaphyseal dysplasia, OMIM 265900) is a rare autosomal recessive SFRP4-related bone dysplasia with Erlenmeyer flask metaphyses, thin cortex, fractures, genu valgum, and dental anomalies.
Pyloric stenosis
Congenital (infantile) hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, IHPS: pyloric muscle hypertrophy narrowing the gastric outlet, causing projectile non-bilious vomiting at 2-6 weeks; treated by Ramstedt pyloromyotomy after fluid correction.
Pyloromyotomy
Pyloromyotomy is a procedure that divides the muscle of the pylorus, the stomach's outlet, used mainly for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in infants and, as endoscopic G-POEM, for refractory gastroparesis.
Pyloroplasty
Pyloroplasty is a surgical operation that widens the pyloric valve between the stomach and duodenum, most often the Heineke-Mikulicz technique, to treat gastroparesis refractory to medication.
Pylorus
Pylorus: the stomach-duodenum junction with the pyloric sphincter, a smooth-muscle valve regulating gastric emptying. Key disorders are pyloric stenosis, gastroparesis-related pylorospasm, and bile reflux; G-POEM treats refractory gastroparesis.
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis causing rapidly enlarging, painful ulcers with undermined purple borders, often linked to IBD, arthritis, or blood disorders; treated with steroids, ciclosporin, or biologics.
Pyogenic granuloma
Pyogenic granuloma, or lobular capillary hemangioma, is a benign vascular tumor of skin and mucosa that grows rapidly, bleeds easily, and is linked to trauma, pregnancy, hormones, and drugs.
Pyomyositis
Pyomyositis, formerly tropical pyomyositis or purulent infectious myositis, is a pyogenic bacterial infection of skeletal muscle from hematogenous spread, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, causing fever, muscle pain, and abscess requiring drainage plus antibiotics.
Pyonephrosis
Pyonephrosis is a urological emergency in which pus collects under pressure in an obstructed renal collecting system, usually behind a stone, causing kidney damage that urgent drainage can largely reverse.
Pyothorax
Pyothorax, also called pleural empyema or purulent pleurisy, is pus accumulation in the pleural cavity, usually a bacterial pneumonia complication; staged exudative to organizing, treated with antibiotics and drainage.
Pyramidal cell
Pyramidal cell (pyramidal neuron): excitatory projection neuron of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus with pyramid-shaped soma, apical dendrite toward the pial surface, spiny dendrites, and a base-originating axon; the most common cortical neuron.
Pyramidal tracts
Pyramidal tracts: cortical motor fiber systems (corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts) passing through the medullary pyramids; about 75-90% decussate, controlling voluntary movement, with lesions causing contralateral weakness.
Pyrantel
Pyrantel (pyrantel pamoate) is a tetrahydropyrimidine anthelmintic, a nicotinic acetylcholine agonist, used OTC for pinworm at 11 mg/kg and against soil-transmitted helminths; resistance reported in Ancylostoma caninum.
Pyridostigmine
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon), pyridostigmine bromide, is an orally active reversible cholinesterase inhibitor approved in 1955; mainstay symptomatic treatment for myasthenia gravis, also soman nerve-agent pretreatment and off-label for orthostatic hypotension.
Pyridoxine
Pyridoxine, one of the six vitamin B6 vitamers, is the common supplement and medicinal form of vitamin B6, a coenzyme in over 100 enzyme reactions; high doses cause sensory neuropathy, and US and EU upper limits differ sharply.
Pyritinol
Pyritinol, also known as pyrithioxin or pyridoxine disulfide, is a synthetic nootropic drug synthesized from vitamin B6 in 1961, used in Europe for cognitive disorders and dementia.
Pyronaridine
Pyronaridine, a benzonaphthyridine antimalarial synthesized in China in 1970, is used with artesunate (Pyramax) as a WHO-recommended ACT for uncomplicated falciparum malaria; transient transaminase rises are its main safety signal.