25,729 articles
William Silen
William Silen was an American surgeon and gastrointestinal physiologist who served as Chief of Surgery at Beth Israel Hospital and professor at Harvard Medical School.
William T. G. Morton
William T. G. Morton (1819–1868), American dentist who publicly demonstrated ether surgical anesthesia at Massachusetts General Hospital on 16 October 1846, patented it as Letheon, and spent his life in a priority dispute with Wells, Jackson, and Long.
William W. Stead
William W. Stead is an American physician recognized as a founder of biomedical informatics, who built Vanderbilt's electronic health record and informatics department over 29 years of leadership.
Williams-Campbell syndrome
Williams-Campbell syndrome is a rare congenital lung disorder in which absent or deficient cartilage in the subsegmental bronchi causes airway collapse and bronchiectasis, first described in 1960.
Willis W. Armistead
Willis W. Armistead was an American veterinarian and academic administrator who led three veterinary colleges and in 1973 became the first veterinarian elected to the Institute of Medicine.
Wilms' tumor
Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) is the most common childhood kidney cancer, treated by COG upfront surgery or SIOP preoperative chemotherapy; 93% five-year survival in the US, driven by WT1, CTNNB1, and WTX alterations.
Wim Hof
Wim Hof, "The Iceman", is a Dutch extreme athlete and cold-exposure record holder (26 world records) who created the Wim Hof Method of breathing, cold exposure, and commitment, studied for voluntary immune control.
Wingate test
The Wingate test is a 30-second all-out cycling test on a cycle ergometer that measures peak anaerobic power, mean power, and fatigue in sports science.
Winged scapula
Winged scapula (scapula alata, 翼状肩甲骨): protrusion of the shoulder blade off the rib cage from serratus anterior or trapezius weakness due to long thoracic or spinal accessory nerve injury; diagnosed by wall pushup test and EMG, usually treated conservatively first.
WIPO study
The WIPO study (NCT05318261, the WIPO Study) was a 2025 multicentre observational study of weaning-induced pulmonary oedema in 500 ICU patients across 13 ICUs in France, Italy, and India, finding WIPO in 12% of spontaneous breathing trials and 36% of weaning failures, with COPD and previous cardiomyopathy as risk factors.
Wire-guided localization
Wire-guided localization, also called wire or needle localization, is an image-guided technique in which a hooked wire marks a non-palpable breast lesion so a surgeon can excise it.
Wisconsin syndrome
Wisconsin syndrome (3q24q25 deletion syndrome, ORPHA:730866) is a rare autosomal dominant congenital anomaly from an interstitial chromosome 3q deletion, causing coarse facies, developmental delay, and intellectual disability; about 33 cases reported.
Wisdom tooth extraction
Wisdom tooth extraction is a surgical dental procedure that removes one or more impacted or diseased third molars, typically as a day case under local anesthesia.
WISE trial (NCT05261620)
WISE trial (NCT05261620), Wine Implementation for Surgical Recovery Enhancement, a completed monocenter randomized trial at IRCCS San Raffaele testing 30 days of moderate postoperative red wine intake (150 ml at lunch and dinner, 800 mg gallic acid equivalent phenolics) versus no alcohol in 132 habitual drinkers after urological surgery; distinct from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation and WiSE-CRT.
Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS), also called eczema-thrombocytopenia-immunodeficiency syndrome, is an X-linked primary immunodeficiency caused by WAS gene mutations, causing eczema, microthrombocytopenia, infections, autoimmunity, and lymphoma risk; treated by HSCT and, since 2025, the gene therapy Waskyra.
Withaferin_A trial
Withaferin_A (NCT07708987) is a Phase 2, single-arm Tata Memorial Centre trial testing oral standardized Withaferin A, an Ashwagandha-derived withanolide, at 1500 mg/day for steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease, with Day 28 response rate as the primary endpoint.
Withering abalone syndrome
Withering abalone syndrome is a fatal bacterial disease of abalone caused by Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis, first seen in California in the mid-1980s and promoted by warm water.
Witteveen-Kolk syndrome
Witteveen-Kolk syndrome (WITKOS, SIN3A-related intellectual disability syndrome, OMIM 613406) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder from SIN3A loss-of-function variants or 15q24 microdeletions, causing mild intellectual disability, distinctive facies, hypotonia, and epilepsy.
Witzelsucht
Witzelsucht, from German Witz (joke) and Sucht (addiction), is a rare neurological syndrome of compulsive punning and inappropriate joking after right frontal lobe damage; coined by Hermann Oppenheim in 1890, distinct from Jastrowitz's moria.
Wolcott-Rallison syndrome
Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS, OMIM 226980), a rare autosomal recessive disease from EIF2AK3/PERK mutations, causing permanent neonatal diabetes, epiphyseal dysplasia, and recurrent acute liver failure.
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome
Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome, or pre-excitation syndrome, a congenital cardiac conduction disorder with an accessory pathway bypassing the AV node, causing delta waves and tachycardia; treated mainly by catheter ablation.
Wolfram syndrome
Wolfram syndrome (DIDMOAD), rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder from WFS1 or CISD2 mutations: juvenile diabetes, optic atrophy, deafness, diabetes insipidus; median death age about 30.
Wolfram-like syndrome
Wolfram-like syndrome (WFLS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by WFS1 gene mutations, featuring hearing loss from childhood, optic atrophy, and often adult-onset diabetes; it is milder than Wolfram syndrome.
WOMAC
WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) is a 24-item self-administered questionnaire measuring pain, stiffness, and physical function in hip and knee osteoarthritis, in Likert, VAS, and NRS versions.
Women's and Children's Hospital
Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide: South Australia's major tertiary hospital for women and children, formed 1989 from the Adelaide Children's and Queen Victoria hospitals; largest maternity service; $3.2b replacement planned.
Women's health
Women's health: branch of medicine covering women's physical and emotional well-being across the life course, beyond reproductive care. Defined by WHO life-course framing, the 1993 NIH Revitalization Act, and persistent research gaps.
Women's Health Initiative
Women's Health Initiative (WHI), NHLBI-sponsored US study launched 1991: 161,808 postmenopausal women at 40 centers in three randomized trials (hormone therapy, low-fat diet, calcium/vitamin D) plus an observational study; 2002 hormone results reshaped menopause care.
Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome
Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome (WSS, OMIM 241080), a rare autosomal recessive neuroendocrine disorder caused by DCAF17 loss-of-function variants, marked by hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes, hearing loss, and dystonia, commonest in the Middle East.
Woodrow A. Myers Jr.
Woodrow A. Myers Jr. is an American physician-executive who served as health commissioner of Indiana and New York City and as WellPoint's chief medical officer.
Woolly hair
Woolly hair, also hereditary or familial woolly hair syndrome, is a rare congenital scalp hair abnormality with extreme kinkiness; isolated forms involve LIPH, LPAR6, KRT74, KRT71, and syndromic forms link to Naxos disease and Carvajal syndrome cardiomyopathy.