76 articles
Rhizomucor
Rhizomucor, a genus of thermophilic Mucorales fungi (R. miehei, R. pusillus), grows above 50 °C, causes about 5% of mucormycosis cases, and yields industrial rennet and lipase enzymes.
Rhizophagus irregularis
Rhizophagus irregularis (formerly Glomus intraradices/G. irregulare) is a model arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus symbiotic with ~80% of plant species; strain DAOM197198 was the first AMF genome sequenced.
Rhizopus
Rhizopus, a genus of fast-growing Mucorales molds with rhizoids and sporangia, includes bread mold R. stolonifer, tempeh culture R. oligosporus, and R. arrhizus (syn. R. oryzae), the leading cause of mucormycosis.
Rhizopus oryzae
Rhizopus oryzae, synonym of Rhizopus arrhizus, is a Mucorales mold: the leading cause of mucormycosis worldwide and a GRAS industrial fungus producing lactic acid, fumaric acid, and lipases.
Rhizopus stolonifer
Rhizopus stolonifer, black bread mold (syn. R. nigricans), is a fast-growing Mucorales fungus causing soft rot of over 100 postharvest fruits; grows at 15–30°C, fails above 33°C, sporangia up to 275 μm.
Rozella
Rozella, genus of 27 species of unwalled endobiotic parasites of water molds and zoosporic fungi, earliest-diverging fungal lineage in Cryptomycota (Rozellomycota), with uniflagellate zoospores and walled resting spores.
Rozellomycota
Rozellomycota (Cryptomycota, Rozellida) is an early-diverging fungal phylum containing the parasitic genus Rozella and many uncultured environmental lineages, sister to Microsporidia, lacking chitin-rich walls in observed stages.
Synchytrium endobioticum
Synchytrium endobioticum, potato wart pathogen, an obligate biotrophic chytrid fungus and quarantine pest of potato; over 40 pathotypes, resting spores viable for decades, controlled by resistant varieties and quarantine.
Systematics of Blastocladiomycota
Blastocladiomycota, synonym Allomycota, a phylum of zoosporic fungi elevated from order Blastocladiales by James et al. 2006; one order, five families, saprobes, and parasites; deep placement still unresolved.
Taisui (太岁) (biological object)
Taisui (太岁), or "unidentified biological objects," are large meat-like objects unearthed from soil in China, recorded since the Shan Hai Jing; analyses variously identify them as microbial mats, slime mold complexes, or polyvinyl alcohol masses.
Treatment and biosecurity of chytridiomycosis
Treatment and biosecurity of chytridiomycosis covers the drug regimens, heat therapy, probiotics, and quarantine protocols used to clear chytrid fungal infections (Bd and Bsal) from amphibians, though many interventions have failed.
Treatment of microsporidiosis
Treatment of microsporidiosis is the therapeutic management of human infections caused by microsporidia, resting on species-directed drugs such as albendazole, immune restoration with antiretroviral therapy, and supportive care.
Umbelopsis ramanniana
Umbelopsis ramanniana (basionym Mucor ramannianus) is an oleaginous zygomycete fungus in Umbelopsidales, a forest-soil species used in lipid and carotenoid biotechnology, later shown to be a complex of five cryptic species.
Yeast extract
Yeast extract is the water-soluble concentrate of lysed yeast cells, mainly Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rich in amino acids, peptides, and glutamate; used as a GRAS umami flavoring agent, salt replacer, and nutrient, first commercialized as Marmite in 1902.
Zygomycota
Zygomycota, the former zygomycete phylum of fungi defined by zygospores and coenocytic hyphae, was abandoned after molecular phylogenetics showed it is polyphyletic; its members now sit in Mucoromycota, Zoopagomycota, and Glomeromycota.
Zygospore
Zygospore: the thick-walled, melanized, often warty diploid sexual resting spore formed by gametangial conjugation in zygomycete fungi; formerly defined phylum Zygomycota, now split into Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota.