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Viral disease
A viral disease, also called a viral infection, is an illness caused by a virus, ranging from measles and influenza to persistent infections such as HIV.
Viral hemorrhagic fever
Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF): febrile syndrome with vascular leak and bleeding caused by arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, filoviruses, and flaviviruses; Ebola CFR about 65%, Marburg up to 88% untreated, mostly supportive care.
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS, Egtved disease), caused by VHSV, a Novirhabdovirus of fish. Notifiable WOAH-listed disease of freshwater and marine finfish; four genotypes, no treatment or commercial vaccine, not a human health risk.
Walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus
Walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus (WEHV1, WEHV2; Epsilonretrovirus walepihyp1/2) are fish retroviruses causing walleye discrete epidermal hyperplasia, a seasonal skin disease of walleye across North America.
West Nile virus
West Nile virus (WNV), a Flaviviridae flavivirus discovered in Uganda in 1937, spreads between birds and Culex mosquitoes; humans are dead-end hosts, ~1 in 150 infections severe, no human vaccine, established in the Americas since 1999.
Zaire ebolavirus
Zaire ebolavirus (Orthoebolavirus zairense), species of filovirus whose virus Ebola virus (EBOV) causes Ebola virus disease; discovered 1976 at Yambuku, Zaire; CFR up to 90%; target of Ervebo vaccine and Inmazeb/Ebanga treatments.
Zika virus
Zika virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus spread by Aedes aegypti, causes mild illness but congenital Zika syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome; transmission documented in 97 countries and territories, with no licensed vaccine as of 2026.