96 articles
Peanut
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), groundnut: a Fabaceae legume whose flowers pollinate above ground while pods ripen underground (geocarpy). Fourth-ranked global oilseed; ~50 Mt/year led by China, India, Nigeria; key allergen and aflatoxin risks.
Peltophorum
Peltophorum (Vogel) Benth., yellow-flowered trees of Fabaceae subfamily Caesalpinioideae, also called Baryxylum; seven accepted species, pantropical, sister to Bussea, used as ornamentals, timber, fodder, and medicine.
Pericopsis elata
Pericopsis elata (afrormosia, African teak, kokrodua) is an endangered Fabaceae timber tree of West and Central African semi-deciduous forest, CITES Appendix II since 1992, traded as logs, sawn wood, and veneer.
Phaseolus coccineus
Phaseolus coccineus, the runner or scarlet runner bean, is a Mesoamerican domesticated climbing legume, third-most important Phaseolus crop, grown for dry seeds and green pods, tolerating cool climates.
Piccalilli
Piccalilli: a British pickle relish of onions, cauliflower, and cucumber in a turmeric-yellow mustard sauce, first recorded 1769 as piccalillo; in America the name covers chopped pepper, tomato, or chow-chow-style relishes.
Pigeon pea
Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), also red gram or gungo pea, is a drought-resistant tropical legume shrub domesticated in India from C. cajanifolius, grown on about 6 million ha for protein-rich seeds, fodder, and soil-improving nitrogen fixation.
Pithecellobium
Pithecellobium (blackbead) is a genus of spiny mimosoid legume trees and shrubs in Fabaceae, tribe Ingeae, native from Mexico to Brazil and Florida to the Caribbean, with about 21 accepted species including the Madras thorn, Pithecellobium dulce.
Pithecellobium dulce
Pithecellobium dulce, Manila tamarind, Madras thorn, guamúchil, kamachile: a spiny Fabaceae tree native from Mexico to Peru, grown for its sweet edible seed aril, fodder, and timber, and invasive in Hawaii, Florida, and India.
Pome
A pome is a fleshy fruit of the rose family, such as the apple, pear, quince, or medlar, whose flesh derives from the hypanthium around a leathery core, the true fruit.
Pongamia
Pongamia (pongam, Indian beech, Millettia pinnata) is a genus of nitrogen-fixing legume trees in Fabaceae native from tropical Asia to the western Pacific; its oil-rich seeds (about 40% oil) are a biofuel feedstock, and it is used for medicine, shade, and land restoration.
Prosopis cineraria
Prosopis cineraria, khejri or ghaf, a Fabaceae desert tree native from Arabia to India, key arid-zone agroforestry species valued for leaf fodder, edible pods, fuelwood, and soil improvement.
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, the winged bean or goa bean, is a twining tropical legume grown in hot, humid regions for its edible pods, seeds, leaves, and tubers.
Psoralea
Psoralea L. (fountainbush) is a Cape-centered legume genus in tribe Psoraleeae, described by Linnaeus in 1753, native Mozambique to South Africa, with about 129 species after absorbing Otholobium.
Pterocarpus
Pterocarpus (padouk, narra, red sanders) is a pantropical legume tree genus in Fabaceae, tribe Dalbergieae, with winged indehiscent pods and red resin; prized timbers include P. indicus, P. soyauxii, and endangered P. santalinus.
Pterocarpus macrocarpus
Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Burma padauk, pradoo, thnong: a deciduous Fabaceae timber tree native to Indochina, 10-30 m tall, with red termite-resistant heartwood, winged pods, and EU Annex D trade controls.
Pterocarpus santalinus
Pterocarpus santalinus (red sandalwood, red sanders) is an Endangered Fabaceae tree endemic to southern India's Eastern Ghats, CITES Appendix II since 1995, yielding claret-red heartwood and the dye santalin for furniture, medicine, and instruments.
Pueraria
Pueraria (kudzu vine genus) is a genus of tuberous-rooted climbing legumes in Fabaceae, tribe Phaseoleae, native to Asia and the W. Pacific; established by de Candolle in 1825, later shown polyphyletic and split into five genera including Haymondia and Toxicopueraria.
Rapeseed oil
Rapeseed oil (canola oil, from Canadian oil, low acid) is oil from Brassica napus and related seeds, bred below 2% erucic acid; global production about 37 million metric tons, used for food, feed, and biofuel.
Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia, black locust or false acacia, is a fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing North American tree introduced to Europe in the early 17th century, widely planted for durable wood and honey yet ranked among Europe's 100 most invasive alien species.
Samanea
Samanea (Benth.) Merr., a Fabaceae genus of Central and South American trees with 3 accepted species; its rain tree (S. saman, syn. Albizia saman) is a nitrogen-fixing shade tree up to 60 m tall with an 80 m crown.
Samanea saman
Samanea saman (rain tree, cow-tamarind; synonym Albizia saman), a Fabaceae tree native from Central America to Venezuela and Ecuador, widely planted in the tropics for shade, timber, and fodder, invasive in Fiji and Hawaii, and a model plant for nyctinastic leaf movement.
Saraca
Saraca L. (ashoka, Jonesia) is a genus of about 12 Asian legume trees and shrubs in Fabaceae subfamily Detarioideae, petal-less flowers with petaloid yellow-to-red calyx, ranging from India to Sulawesi; S. asoca is a vulnerable Ayurvedic medicinal tree.
Saraca asoca (सरका अशोक)
Saraca asoca (सरका अशोक), the ashoka tree, Fabaceae, is a vulnerable evergreen medicinal tree of South Asia whose bark is used in Ayurveda for gynecological disorders; wild Western Ghats populations are fragmented and overexploited.
Schizolobium parahyba
Schizolobium parahyba (guapuruvu, paricá, Brazilian firetree) is a fast-growing Fabaceae pioneer tree from S. Mexico to S. Tropical America, with very light wood, golden flowers, and invasive behavior outside its native forest.
Seedless fruit
Seedless fruit develops without mature seeds via parthenocarpy (fruit set without fertilization) or stenospermocarpy (seed abortion after fertilization), as in seedless grapes, bananas, citrus, and watermelon, controlled by auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin.
Self-pollination
Self-pollination (autogamy, geitonogamy, cleistogamy) is pollen transfer within a flower or between flowers of the same plant, enabling self-fertilization; the most common evolutionary transition in flowering plants, favored by reproductive assurance and transmission advantage but limited by inbreeding depression.
Senegalia senegal
Senegalia senegal (gum arabic tree, formerly Acacia senegal) is a nitrogen-fixing Sahelian acacia supplying about 90% of traded gum arabic, formed schizogenously in inner secondary phloem and harvested after dry-season tapping.
Senna (plant)
Senna (plant genus, formerly in Cassia; senna, Senna alexandrina): a Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae genus of about 300–350 pantropical species with yellow flowers, apical-pore anthers, and laxative drug uses.
Senna alexandrina
Senna alexandrina (Cassia senna, Cassia angustifolia; Alexandrian, Indian, or Tinnevelly senna) is a Fabaceae shrub whose sennoside-rich leaves and pods are stimulant laxatives for constipation, with grade A evidence and EU herbal monographs.
Sesbania grandiflora
Sesbania grandiflora, known as agati or vegetable hummingbird, is a fast-growing legume tree native to Malesia and New Guinea, cultivated across the tropics for food, forage, and medicine.