127 articles
Guazuma
Guazuma is a genus of four Malvaceae tree species native to Mexico and tropical America; its best-known species, G. ulmifolia (mutamba, West Indian elm), provides timber, livestock forage, and medicinal proanthocyanidins.
Guazuma ulmifolia
Guazuma ulmifolia (West Indian elm, bastard cedar, mutamba, guácimo) is a neotropical Malvaceae tree from Mexico to tropical America, a Least Concern multipurpose timber, fodder, fuel, and medicinal species with tannin-rich bark.
Helianthemum
Helianthemum (rock rose, sun rose) is the largest genus of Cistaceae, about 140 Palearctic taxa centered on the Mediterranean, with three radiating sections since the Late Miocene and hard-coated seeds needing scarification.
Indian hemp
Indian hemp, also called kenaf, Deccan hemp, or Java jute (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), is an African-originated annual Malvaceae fiber crop grown for cordage, paper pulp, and biocomposites, unrelated to Cannabis sativa.
Khaya senegalensis
Khaya senegalensis (Senegal mahogany, African mahogany), Meliaceae tree from West Africa to northern Uganda; Vulnerable IUCN, timber, fodder, and medicinal bark, poor natural regeneration, attacked by Hypsipyla shoot borer.
Kokia
Kokia is a genus of four rare, endangered small trees in Malvaceae (cotton tribe Gossypieae), endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, described by Lewton in 1912; Kokia cookei survives only as clones of one plant. Not the singer Kokia.
Kumquat
Kumquat (金柑; Citrus japonica, formerly Fortunella) is a small cold-hardy citrus from southeastern China, eaten whole with its sweet peel; main types Nagami, Marumi, and Meiwa.
Limonia acidissima
Limonia acidissima, the wood apple tree, is a spiny citrus-family tree native to the Indian subcontinent and Andaman Islands, grown for its hard-shelled aromatic fruit.
Longan
Longan (Dimocarpus longan, 龙眼, dragon eye) is a subtropical Sapindaceae fruit tree from southern China, grown commercially in China, Thailand, and Taiwan; its white aril fruit is eaten fresh or dried as the TCM medicine Longan Arillus.
Lychee
Lychee (Litchi chinensis, 荔枝, litchi) is the sole species of its genus in the soapberry family, a tropical tree native to southern China with over 2,000 years of cultivation; Asia grows over 95% of the roughly 2-million-tonne world crop, led by China and India.
Malva
Malva (mallows) is a genus of Malvaceae herbs first published in 1753, with about 54-60 species native from the Old World to Australia and SW USA to NW Mexico; includes M. sylvestris and M. neglecta, used as food, ornamentals, and traditional medicine.
Malva sylvestris
Malva sylvestris, common mallow, is a Malvaceae herb native from Macaronesia and Europe to Central Asia and the W. Himalaya, with pink-purple veined flowers, EU-approved traditional medicinal uses, and food use.
Malvaceae
Malvaceae, known as the mallow family, is a family of flowering plants with about 4,200 species, largely tropical to temperate, including cotton, okra, cacao, durian, hibiscus, and baobab.
Malvales
Malvales, an order of flowering plants (rosid, near Brassicales and Sapindales) with 10 families, ~6,100 species, including Malvaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Cistaceae; cotton, cocoa, durian; Upper Cretaceous origin.
Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica (mango), Anacardiaceae tree native from Assam to southern Yunnan, grown for its large drupe; two gene pools (Indian, Southeast Asian), 62 Mt production base, allergens Man i 1, 2, 4.
Maple
Maple (genus Acer, Sapindaceae), about 155 Northern Hemisphere tree species with lobed leaves and winged samaras; sugar maple and red maple dominate syrup, with Canada over 75% of world production.
Maple leaf
Maple leaf: the lobed leaf of Acer trees, emblem of Canada since the 19th century and centerpiece of the 11-point design on the National Flag of Canada (1965); also known for anthocyanin-driven red autumn coloration.
Melia azedarach
Melia azedarach, chinaberry or Persian lilac (Meliaceae), a deciduous Asian-Australian tree with lilac flowers and toxic yellow drupes; planted for timber and pesticide, invasive in the southern US, South Africa, and on EPPO's 2025 list.
Meliaceae
Meliaceae, the mahogany family (Meliaceae Juss., nom. cons., type genus Melia), is a pantropical Sapindales family of about 50 genera and 600-800 species of scented-wood trees, including Swietenia mahogany, neem, and limonoid-rich chemistry.
Melicoccus bijugatus
Melicoccus bijugatus (mamoncillo, Spanish lime, quenepa, genip) is a Sapindaceae fruit tree native to northern South America, naturalized in the Caribbean and Florida; IUCN Least Concern, sister to Talisia in RAxML phylogenies.
Modiola caroliniana
Modiola caroliniana, Carolina bristlemallow or red-flowered mallow, a prostrate node-rooting Malvaceae herb native to South America, introduced worldwide as a weed, with red-orange flowers and a wheel-shaped bristly schizocarp fruit.
Murraya
Murraya J.Koenig, also Chalcas, is a Rutaceae genus of 8 accepted species (about 12 in some treatments) native to tropical and subtropical Asia and the SW Pacific, including the curry leaf tree Murraya koenigii and orange jasmine Murraya paniculata.
Murraya paniculata
Murraya paniculata, orange jessamine or orange jasmine (synonym Murraya exotica), a Rutaceae shrub native to tropical Asia to Vanuatu, grown as a fragrant hedge and regulated as a Huanglongbing/psyllid host.
Nephelium
Nephelium is a Sapindaceae genus of 22 tropical Asian tree species from Indo-China to western Malesia, including rambutan (N. lappaceum) and pulasan (N. ramboutan-ake), fruit trees with arillate seeds.
Ochroma
Ochroma (balsa tree, Ochroma pyramidale) is a monotypic Malvaceae genus native from S. Mexico to tropical America. Its wood, 60–380 kg/m³, is the lightest commercial timber, used in sandwich panels; Ecuador supplies 80–90% of trade.
Pachira aquatica
Pachira aquatica, the Guiana-chestnut or money tree, is a wetland Bombacoideae tree from Mexico to South America; type of its genus, edible seeds, braided houseplant form, Least Concern.
Peganum harmala
Peganum harmala (Syrian rue, harmal) is a perennial Nitrariaceae herb native from the Mediterranean to Mongolia and India, whose seeds' β-carboline alkaloids harmine and harmaline act as reversible MAO-A inhibitors, giving folk-medicinal, psychoactive, and toxic properties.
Pistachio
Pistachio, the nut of Pistacia vera, a dioecious wind-pollinated Anacardiaceae tree native to Central Asia and northeast Iran; alternate-bearing crop led by the United States, with mandatory aflatoxin testing and about 3 acre-feet water per acre in California.
Pistacia atlantica
Pistacia atlantica (Atlas pistachio, Mt. Atlas mastic tree, Bétoum) is an Anacardiaceae tree native from the Canary Islands and Mediterranean to the W. Himalaya, drought-tolerant, resin- and gall-producing, IUCN near threatened.
Pistacia lentiscus
Pistacia lentiscus, the mastic tree or lentisk, a Mediterranean Anacardiaceae shrub; source of mastic resin, Chios mastic gum (var. chia), EMA traditional herbal medicine for dyspepsia and minor wounds.